Homily LXXVIII.

Matt. XXV. 1-30.2851   [The passage, as here given, corresponds with that prefixed to the Homily in Field’s text. There are some omissions, and some variations from the received text. It seemed unnecessary to annotate it to any extent, since the variations appear in the rendering. In Migne’s edition, the citation ends with the words, “while the bridegroom tarried.”—R.]

“Then shall the kingdom of Heaven,” He saith, “be likened unto ten virgins, which took their lamps, and went forth to meet the bridegroom. But five of them were wise, and the other five foolish, which took not,” He saith, “oil.”

“Then, while the bridegroom tarried, they all slumbered and slept. And at midnight there was a cry made, Behold, the bridegroom cometh, go ye out to meet Him. And the five arose, and being in perplexity, said to the wise, Give us of your oil. But they consented not, saying, Not so, lest there be not enough for us and you; go to them that sell, and buy.”

“And while they were gone for this, the bridegroom came, and those went in; but these came afterwards, saying, Lord, Lord, open to us. But He answered and said, Verily I say unto you, I know you not. Watch therefore, for ye know not the day, nor the hour.”

“Then He spake again another parable. A man travelling into a far country, called his own servants, and delivered unto them his goods; to one five talents, to another two, to another one, to every man according to his several ability, and took his journey. Then, when the two had brought him the double, he that had been entrusted with the one talent brought it alone, and being blamed saith, I knew that thou art a hard man, reaping where thou hast not sown, and gathering where thou hast not strawed; and Iwas afraid, and hid thy talent; lo! there thou hast that is thine. His Lord answered and said, Thou wicked servant, thou knewest that I reap where I have not sown, and gather where I have not strawed: thou oughtest therefore to have put my money to the exchangers, and then at my coming I might have received mine own with usury. Take therefore the talent from him, and give it to him that hath ten talents. For to him that hath shall be given, and he shall have more abundantly; but from him that hath not, shall be taken away even that which he hath. And cast ye the unprofitable servant into outer darkness, there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.”

These parables are like the former parable of the faithful servant, and of him that was ungrateful and devoured his Lord’s goods. For there are four in all, in different ways admonishing us about the same things, I mean about diligence in almsgiving, and about helping our neighbor by all means which we are able to use, since it is not possible to be saved in another way. But there He speaks more generally of all assistance which should he rendered to one’s neighbor; but as to the virgins, he speaketh particularly of mercifulness in alms, and more strongly than in the former parable. For there He punishes him that beats, and is drunken, and scatters and wastes his lord’s goods, but here even him that doth not help, nor spends abundantly his goods upon the needy. For they had oil indeed, but not in abundance, wherefore also they are punished.

But wherefore doth He set forth this parable in the person of the virgins, and doth not merely suppose any person whatever? Great things had He spoken of virginity, saying, “There are eunuchs, who have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of Heaven’s sake;” and, “He that is able to receive, let him receive it.”2852   Matt. xix. 12. He knew also that the generality of men would have a great opinion of it. For indeed the work is by nature great, and is shown so by this, that neither under the old dispensation was it fulfilled by these ancient and holy men, nor under the new was it brought under the compulsion of the law. For He did not command this, but left it to the choice of his hearers. Wherefore Paul also said “Now, concerning virgins I have no commandment of the Lord.”2853   1 Cor. vii. 25.“For though I praise him that attains thereto, yet I constrain not him that is not willing, neither do I make the thing an injunction.” Since then the thing is both great in itself and hath great honor with the multitude, lest any one attaining to this should feel as though he had attained to all, and should be careless about the rest, He putteth forth this parable sufficient to persuade them, that virginity, though it should have everything else, if destitute of the good things arising out of almsgiving, is cast out with the harlots, and He sets the inhuman and merciless with them. And most reasonably, for the one was overcome by the love of carnal pleasure, but these2854   α δ.of money. But the love of carnal pleasure and of money are not equal, but that of carnal pleasure is far keener and more tyrannical. And the weaker the antagonist, the less excusable are these2855   α νικηθεσαι.that are overcome thereby. Therefore also He calls them foolish, for that having undergone the greater labor, they have betrayed all for want of the less. But by lamps here, He meaneth the gift itself of virginity, the purity of holiness; and by oil, humanity, almsgiving, succor to them that are in need.

“Then, while the bridegroom tarried, they all slumbered and slept.” He shows that the time intervening will not be short, leading His disciples away from the expectation that His kingdom was quite immediately to appear. For this indeed they hoped, therefore He is continually holding them back from this hope. And at the same time He intimates this too, that death is a sleep. For they slept, He saith.

“And about midnight there was a cry made.” Either He was continuing the parable, or again He shows that the resurrection will be at night. But the cry Paul also indicates, saying, “With a shout, with a voice of an archangel, with the last trump, He shall come down from Heaven.”2856   1 Thess. iv. 16 (comp. 1 Cor. xv. 52). And what mean the trumpets, and what saith the cry? “The bridegroom cometh.” When therefore they had trimmed their lamps, the foolish say unto the wise, “Give us of your oil.” Again He calls them foolish, showing that nothing can be more foolish than they who are wealthy here, and depart naked thither, where most of all we have need of humanity, where we want much oil. But not in this respect only were they foolish, but also because they looked to receive it there, and sought it out of season; and yet nothing could be more humane than those virgins, who for this especially were approved. Neither do they seek for it all, for, “Give us,” they say, “of your oil;” and the urgency of their need is indicated; “for our lamps,” they say, “are going out.” But even so they failed, and neither the humanity of those whom they asked, nor the easiness of their request, nor their necessity and want, made them obtain.

But what now do we learn from hence? That no man can protect us there, if we are betrayed by our works, not because he will not, but because he cannot. For these too take refuge in the impossibility. This the blessed Abraham also indicated, saying, “Between us and you there is a great gulf,”2857   Luke xvi. 26.so that not even when willing is it permitted them to pass it.

“But go to them that sell, and buy.” And who are they that sell? The poor. And where are these? Here, and then should they have sought them, not at that time.

2. Seest thou what great profit arises to us from the poor? shouldest thou take them away, thou wouldest take away the great hope of our salvation. Wherefore here must we get together the oil, that it may be useful to us there, when the time calls us. For that is not the time of collecting it, but this. Spend not then your goods for nought in luxury and vainglory. For thou wilt have need of much oil there.

Having heard these things, those virgins went their way; but they profited nothing. And this He saith, either pursuing the parable, and working it up; or also by these things showing, that though we should become humane after our departure, we shall gain nothing from thence towards our escape. Therefore neither did their forwardness avail these virgins, because they went to them that sell not here, but there; nor the rich man, when he became so charitable, as even to be anxious about his relations. For he that was passing by him that was laid at the gate, is eager to rescue from perils and from hell them whom he did not so much as see, and entreats that some be sent to tell them these things. But nevertheless, he derived no benefit from thence, as neither did these virgins. For when they having heard these things went their way, the bridegroom came, and they that were ready went in with Him, but the others were shut out. After their many labors, after their innumerable toils, and that intolerable fight, and those trophies which they had set up over the madness of natural appetite, disgraced, and with their lamps gone out, they withdrew, bending down their faces to the earth. For nothing is more sullied than virginity not having mercy; so that even the multitude are wont to call the unmerciful dark. Where then was the profit of virginity, when they saw not the bridegroom? and not even when they had knocked did they obtain, but they heard that fearful saying, “Depart, I know you not.”2858   Matt. xxv. 12. And when He hath said this, nothing else but hell is left, and that intolerable punishment; or rather, this word is more grievous even than hell. This word He speaks to them also that work iniquity.2859   See Matt. vii. 23.

“Watch therefore, for ye know not the day nor the hour.”2860   Matt. xxv. 13. Seest thou how continually He adds this, showing how awful our ignorance concerning our departure hence? Where now are they, who throughout all their life are remiss, but when they are blamed by us, are saying, At the time of my death, I shall leave money to the poor. Let them listen to these words, and be amended. For indeed at that time many have failed of this, having been snatched away at once, and not permitted so much as to give charge to their relations touching what they wished to be done.

This parable was spoken with respect to mercy in alms; but the one that comes after this, to them that neither in money, nor in word, nor in protection, nor in any other things whatever, are willing to assist their neighbors, but withhold all.

And wherefore can it be that this parable brings forward a king, but that a bridegroom? That thou mightest learn how close Christ is joined unto the virgins that strip themselves of their possessions; for this indeed is virginity. Wherefore Paul also makes this as a definition of the thing. “The unmarried woman careth for the things of the Lord;”2861   1 Cor. vii. 34, 35.such are his words: and, “For that which is comely, and that ye may attend upon the Lord without distraction. These things we advise,” he saith.

And if in Luke the parable of the talents is otherwise put, this is to be said, that the one is really different from the other. For in that, from the one capital different degrees of increase were made, for from one pound one brought five, another ten; wherefore neither did they obtain the same recompense; but here, it is the contrary, and the crown is accordingly equal. For he that received two gave two, and he that had received the five again in like manner; but there since from the same beginning one made the greater, one the less, increase; as might be expected, in the rewards also, they do not enjoy the same.

But see Him everywhere, not requiring it again immediately. For in the case of the vineyard, He let it out to husbandmen, and went into a far country; and here He committed to them the talents, and took His journey, that thou mightest learn His long-suffering. And to me He seems to say these things, to intimate the resurrection. But here it is no more a vineyard and husbandmen, but all servants. For not to rulers only, nor to Jews, but to all, doth He address His discourse. And they who bring a return unto Him confess frankly, both what is their own, and what their Master’s. And the one saith, Lord, “Thou gavest me five talents;” and the other saith, “two,” indicating that from Him they received the source of their gain, and they are very thankful, and reckon all to Him.

What then saith the Master? “Well done, thou good” (for this is goodness to look to one’s neighbor) “and faithful servant; thou wast faithful over few things, I will set thee over many things: enter thou into the joy of thy Lord,”2862   Matt. xxv. 23.meaning by this expression all blessedness.

But not so that other one, but how? “I knew that thou art a hard man, reaping where thou sowedst not, and gathering where thou strawedst not: and I was afraid, and hid thy talent: lo, there thou hast that is thine.”2863   Matt. xxv. 24, 25. What then the Master? “Thou oughtest to have put my money to the exchangers,”2864   Matt. xxv. 27. [R.V., “bankers.”]that is, “that oughtest to have spoken, to have admonished, to have advised.” But are they disobedient? Yet this is nought to thee.

What could be more gentle than this? For men indeed do not so, but him that hath put out the money at usury, even him do they make also responsible to require it again. But He not so; but, Thou oughtest, He saith, to have put it out, and to have committed the requiring of it again to me. And I should have required it with increase; by increase upon the hearing, meaning the showing forth of the works. Thou oughtest to have done that which is easier, and to have left to me what is more difficult. Forasmuch then as he did not this, “Take,” saith He, “the talent from him, and give it to him that hath ten talents.2865   [R.V., “the ten talents.”] For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance; but from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath.”2866   Matt. xxv. 28, 29. What then is this? He that hath a gift of word and teaching to profit thereby, and useth it not, will lose the gift also; but he that giveth diligence, will gain to himself the gift in more abundance; even as the other loseth what he had received. But not to this is the penalty limited for him that is slothful, but even intolerable is the punishment, and with the punishment the sentence, which is full of a heavy accusation. For “cast ye,” saith He, “the unprofitable servant into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.”2867   Matt. xxv. 30. [R.V., “cast ye out,” etc.] Seest thou how not only the spoiler, and the covetous, nor only the doer of evil things, but also he that doeth not good things, is punished with extreme punishment.

Let us hearken then to these words. As we have opportunity, let us help on our salvation, let us get oil for our lamps, let us labor to add to our talent. For if we be backward, and spend our time in sloth here, no one will pity us any more hereafter, though we should wail ten thousand times. He also that had on the filthy garments condemned himself, and profited nothing. He also that had the one talent restored that which was committed to his charge, and yet was condemned. The virgins again entreated, and came unto Him and knocked, and all in vain, and without effect.

Knowing then these things, let us contribute alike wealth, and diligence, and protection,2868   προστασαν .and all things for our neighbor’s advantage. For the talents here are each person’s ability, whether in the way of protection, or in money, or in teaching, or in what thing soever of the kind. Let no man say, I have but one talent, and can do nothing; for thou canst even by one approve thyself. For thou art not poorer than that widow; thou art not more uninstructed than Peter and John, who were both “unlearned and ignorant men;”2869   Acts iv. 13.but nevertheless, since they showed forth a zeal, and did all things for the common good, they attained to Heaven. For nothing is so pleasing to God, as to live for the common advantage.

For this end God gave us speech, and hands, and feet, and strength of body, and mind, and understanding, that we might use all these things, both for our own salvation, and for our neighbor’s advantage. For not for hymns only and thanksgivings is our speech serviceable to us, but it is profitable also for instruction and admonition. And if indeed we used it to this end, we should be imitating our Master; but if for the opposite ends, the devil. Since Peter also, when he confessed the Christ, was blessed, as having spoken the words of the Father; but when he refused the cross, and dissuaded it, he was severely reproved, as savoring the things of the devil. But if where the saying was of ignorance, so heavy is the blame, when we of our own will commit many sins, what favor shall we have?

Such things then let us speak, that of themselves they may be evidently the words of Christ. For not only if I should say, “Arise, and walk;”2870   Matt. ix. 5.neither if I should say, “Tabitha, arise,”2871   Acts ix. 40.then only do I speak Christ’s words, but much more if being reviled I bless, if being despitefully used I pray for him that doeth despite to me. Lately indeed I said, that our tongue is a hand laying hold on the feet of God; but now much more do I say, that our tongue is a tongue imitating the tongue of Christ, if it show forth the strictness that becometh us, if we speak those things which He wills. But what are the things which He wills us to speak? Words full of gentleness and meekness, even as also He Himself used to speak, saying to them that were insulting Him, “I have not a devil;”2872   John viii. 49. [Greek, “demon.”]and again, “If I have spoken evil, bear witness of the evil.”2873   John xviii. 23. If thou also speak in this way; if thou speak for thy neighbor’s amendment, thou wilt obtain a tongue like that tongue. And these things God Himself saith; “For he that bringeth out the precious from the vile, shall be as my mouth;”2874   Jer. xv. 19.such are His words.

When therefore thy tongue is as Christ’s tongue, and thy mouth is become the mouth of the Father, and thou art a temple of the Holy Ghost, then what kind of honor could be equal to this? For not even if thy mouth were made of gold, no nor even of precious stones, would it shine like as now, when lit up with the ornament of meekness. For what is more lovely than a mouth that knoweth not how to insult, but is used to bless and give good words? But if thou canst not bear to bless him that curses thee, hold thy peace, and accomplish but this for the time; and proceeding in order, and striving as thou oughtest, thou wilt attain to that other point also, and wilt acquire such a mouth, as we have spoken of.

4. And do not account the saying to be rash. For the Lord is loving to man, and the gift cometh of His goodness. It is rash to have a mouth like the devil, to have a tongue resembling that of an evil demon, especially for him that partakes of such mysteries, and communicates of the very flesh of the Lord. Reflecting then on these things, become like Him, to the utmost of thy power. No longer then will the devil be able so much as to look thee in the face, when thou art become such a one as this. For indeed he recognizes the image of the King, he knows the weapons of Christ, whereby he was worsted. And what are these? Gentleness and meekness. For when on the mountain Christ overthrew and laid low the devil who was assaulting him, it was not by making it known that He was Christ, but He entrapped him by these sayings, He took him by gentleness, he turned him to flight by meekness. Thou also must do this; shouldest thou see a man become a devil, and coming against thee, even so do thou likewise overcome. Christ gave thee also power to become like Him, so far as thy ability extends. Be not afraid at hearing this. The fear is not to be like Him. Speak then after His manner, and thou art become in this respect such as He, so far as it is possible for one who is a man to become so.

Wherefore greater is he that thus speaks, than he that prophecies. For this is entirely a gift, but in the other is also thy labor and toil. Teach thy soul to frame thee a mouth like to Christ’s mouth. For it can create such things, if it will; it knows the art, if it be not remiss. And how is such a mouth made? one may ask. By what kind of colorings? by what kind of material? By no colorings, indeed, or material; but by virtue only, and meekness, and humility.

Let us see also how a devil’s mouth is made; that we may never frame that. How then is it made? By curses, by insults, by envy, by perjury. For when any one speaks his words, he takes his tongue. What kind of excuse then shall we have; or rather, what manner of punishment shall we not undergo; when this our tongue, wherewith we are allowed to taste of the Lord’s flesh, when this, I say, we overlook, speaking the devil’s words?

Let us not overlook it, but let us use all diligence, in order to train it to imitate its Lord. For if we train it to this, it will place us with great confidence at Christ’s judgment seat. Unless any one know how to speak thus, the judge will not so much as hear him. For like as when the judge chances to be a Roman, he will not hear the defense of one who knows not how to speak thus; so likewise Christ, unless thou speak after His fashion, will not hear thee, nor give heed.

Let us learn therefore to speak in such wise as our Judge is wont to hear; let it be our endeavor to imitate that tongue. And shouldest thou fall into grief, take heed lest the tyranny of despondency pervert thy tongue, but that thou speak like Christ. For He too mourned for Lazarus and Judas. Shouldest thou fall into fear, seek again to speak even as He. For He Himself fell into fear for thy sake, with regard to His manhood.2875   κατ τν τ οκονομα λγονἐρφια, hædos, not capras; St. Jerome.the other sheep, that He might indicate the unfruitfulness of the one, for no fruit will come from kids; and the great profit from the other, for indeed from sheep great is the profit, as well from the milk, as from the wool, and from the young, of all which things the kid2876   ἔριφο.is destitute.

But while the brutes have from nature their unfruitfulness, and fruitfulness, these have it from choice, wherefore some are punished, and the others crowned. And He doth not punish them, until He hath pleaded with them; wherefore also, when He hath put them in their place, He mentions the charges against them. And they speak with meekness, but they have no advantage from it now; and very reasonably, because they passed by a work so much to be desired. For indeed the prophets are everywhere saying this, “I will have mercy and not sacrifice,”2877   Hosea vi. 6.and the lawgiver by all means urged them to this, both by words, and by works; and nature herself taught it.

But mark them, how they are destitute not of one or two things only, but of all. For not only did they fail to feed the hungry, or clothe the naked; but not even did they visit the sick, which was an easier thing.

And mark how easy are His injunctions. He said not, “I was in prison, and ye set me free; I was sick, and ye raised me up again;” but, “ye visited me,” and, “ye came unto me.” And neither in hunger is the thing commanded grievous. For no costly table did He seek, but what is needful only, and His necessary food, and He sought in a suppliant’s garb, so that all things were enough to bring punishment on them; the easiness of the request, for it was bread; the pitiable character of Him that requesteth, for He was poor; the sympathy of nature, for He was a man; the desirableness of the promise, for He promised a kingdom; the fearfulness of the punishment, for He threatened hell. The dignity of the one receiving, for it was God, who was receiving by the poor; the surpassing nature of the honor, that He vouchsafed to condescend so far; His just claim for what they bestowed, for of His own was He receiving. But against all these things covetousness once for all blinded them that were seized by it; and this though so great a threat was set against it.

For further back also He saith, that they who receive not such as these shall suffer more grievous things than Sodom; and here He saith, “Inasmuch as ye did it not unto one of the least of these my brethren, ye did it not unto me.”2878   Matt. xxv. 45; comp. verse 40. [“My brethren” is added here from verse 40. The order of words varies from that found in that verse.—R.] What sayest Thou? they are Thy brethren; and how dost Thou call them least. Why, for this reason they are brethren, because they are lowly, because they are poor, because they are outcast. For such doth He most invite to brotherhood, the unknown, the contemptible, not meaning by these the monks only, and them that have occupied the mountains, but every believer; though he be a secular person, yet if he be hungry, and famishing, and naked, and a stranger, His will is he should have the benefit of all this care. For baptism renders a man a brother, and the partaking of the divine mysteries.

2. Then, in order that thou mayest see in another way also the justice of the sentence, He first praises them that have done right, and saith, “Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you before the foundation of the world. For I was an hungered, and ye gave me meat,” and all that follows.2879   Matt. xxv. 34–40. For that they may not say, we had it not, He condemns them by their fellow-servants; like as the virgins by the virgins, and the servant that was drunken and gluttonous by the faithful servant, and him that buried his talent, by them that brought the two, and each one of them that continue in sin, by them that have done right.

And this comparison is sometimes made in the case of an equal, as here, and in the instance of the virgins, sometimes of him that hath advantage, as when he said, “The men of Nineveh shall rise up and shall condemn this generation, because they believed at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here;” and, “The queen of the south shall condemn this generation, because she came to hear the wisdom of Solomon;”2880   Matt. xii. 41, 42.and of an equal again, “They shall be your judges;”2881   Matt. xii. 27.and again of one at advantage, “Know ye not, that we shall judge angels, how much more things that pertain to this life?”2882   1 Cor. vi. 3.

And here, however, it is of an equal; for he compares rich with rich, and poor with poor. And not in this way only doth He show the sentence justly passed, by their fellow-servants having done what was right when in the same circumstances, but also by their not being obedient so much as in these things in which poverty was no hindrance; as, for instance, in giving drink to the thirsty, in looking upon him that is in bonds, in visiting the sick. And when He had commended them that had done right, He shows how great was originally His bond of love towards them. For, “Come,” saith He, “ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world.” To how many good things is this same equivalent, to be blessed, and blessed of the Father? And wherefore were they counted worthy of such great honors? What is the cause? “I was an hungered, and ye gave me meat; I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink;” and what follows.

Of what honor, of what blessedness are these words? And He said not, Take, but, “Inherit,” as one’s own, as your Father’s, as yours, as due to you from the first. For, before you were, saith He, these things had been prepared, and made ready for you, forasmuch as I knew you would be such as you are.

And in return for what do they receive such things? For the covering of a roof, for a garment, for bread, for cold water, for visiting, for going into the prison. For indeed in every case it is for what is needed; and sometimes not even for that. For surely, as I have said, the sick and he that is in bonds seeks not for this only, but the one to be loosed, the other to be delivered from his infirmity. But He, being gracious, requires only what is within our power, or rather even less than what is within our power, leaving to us to exert our generosity in doing more.

But to the others He saith, “Depart from me, ye cursed,” (no longer of the Father; for not He laid the curse upon them, but their own works), “into the everlasting fire, prepared,” not for you, but “for the devil and his angels.” For concerning the kingdom indeed, when He had said, “Come, inherit the kingdom,” He added, “prepared for you before the foundation of the world;” but concerning the fire, no longer so, but, “prepared for the devil.” I, saith He, prepared the kingdom for you, but the fire no more for you, but “for the devil and his angels;” but since ye cast yourselves therein, impute it to yourselves. And not in this way only, but by what follows also, like as though He were excusing Himself to them, He sets forth the causes.

“For I was an hungered, and ye gave me no meat.” For though He that came to thee had been thine enemy, were not His sufferings enough to have overcome and subdued even the merciless? hunger, and cold, and bonds, and nakedness, and sickness, and to wander everywhere houseless? These things are sufficient even to destroy enmity. But ye did not these things even to a friend, being at once friend, and benefactor, and Lord. Though it be a dog we see hungry, often we are overcome; and though we behold a wild beast, we are subdued; but seeing the Lord, art thou not subdued? And wherein are these things worthy of defense?

For if it were this only, were it not sufficient for a recompense? (I speak not of hearing such a voice, in the presence of the world, from Him that sitteth on the Father’s throne, and of obtaining the kingdom), but were not the very doing it sufficient for a reward? But now even in the presence of the world, and at the appearing of that unspeakable glory, He proclaims and crowns thee, and acknowledges thee as His sustainer and host, and is not ashamed of saying such things, that He may make the crown brighter for thee.

So for this cause, while the one are punished justly, the others are crowned by grace. For though they had done ten thousand things, the munificence were of grace, that in return for services so small and cheap, such a heaven, and a kingdom, and so great honor, should be given them.

“And it came to pass, when Jesus had finished these sayings,2883   [R.V., “words;” the word “all” is omitted.—R.] He said unto His disciples, Ye know that after two days is the passover, and the Son of Man is betrayed to be crucified.”2884   Matt. xxvi. 1, 2. In good season again doth He speak of the passion, when He had reminded them of the kingdom, and of the recompense there, and of the deathless punishment; as though He had said, Why are ye afraid at the dangers that are for a season, when such good things await you?

3. But mark thou, I pray thee, how He hath in all His first sayings after a new manner worked up and thrown into the shade what was most painful to them. For He said not, Ye know that after two days I am betrayed, but, “Ye know that after two days is the passover,”2885   [A clause is omitted here: “and then He brings in ‘is delivered up to be crucified.’” But some editors read: “‘And the Son of Man is delivered up,’ and then He brings in ‘to be crucified.’” For the latter reading there is no good authority.—R.]to show that what is done is a mystery and that a feast and celebration is being kept for the salvation of the world, and that with foreknowledge He suffered all. So then, as though this were sufficient consolation for them, He did not even say anything to them now about a resurrection; for it was superfluous, after having discoursed so much about it, to speak of it again. And moreover, as I said, He shows that even His very passion is a deliverance from countless evils, having by the passover reminded them of the ancient benefits in Egypt.

“Then were assembled together the chief priests, and the scribes, and the elders of the people, in the palace of the high priest, who was called Caiaphas, and consulted that they might take Jesus by subtlety, and kill Him. But they said, Not on the feast day, lest there be an uproar among the people.”2886   Matt. xxvi. 3–5. [This passage contains some peculiar variations: in verse 3, “in the palace” (court) is substituted for “unto;” in verse 4, the more probable reading should be rendered, “were consulting” (or taking counsel together). Verse 5 shows no variations but should be rendered as in the R.V., “Not during the feast, lest a tumult arise among the people.” The comments show that Chrysostom understood the verse as referring to the entire festival.—R.]

Seest thou the unspeakable corruption of the Jewish state? Attempting unlawful acts, they come to the high priest, desiring to obtain their authority from that quarter, whence they ought to have found hindrance.

And how many high priests were there? For the law wills there should be one, but then there were many. Whence it is manifest, that the Jewish constitution had begun to dissolve. For Moses, as I said, commanded there should be one, and that when he was dead there should be another, and by the life of this person He measured the banishment of them that had involuntarily committed manslaughter. How then were there at that time many high priests? They were afterwards made for a year. And this the evangelist declared, when he was speaking of Zacharias, saying, that he was of the course of Abia. Those therefore doth he here call high priests, who had been high priests.

What did they consult together? That they might seize Him secretly, or that they might put Him to death? Both; for they feared the people. Wherefore also they waited for the feast to be past; for “they said, Not on the feast day.”2887   [“Not during the feast.”] For the devil, lest he should make the passion conspicuous, was not willing it should take place at the passover; but they, lest there should be an uproar. Mark them then ever fearing, not the ills from God, neither lest any greater pollution should arise to them from the season, but in every case the ills from men.

Yet for all this, boiling with anger, they changed their purpose again. For though they had said, “Not at the feast time;” when they found the traitor, they waited not for the time, but slew Him at the feast. But why did they take Him then? They were boiling with rage, as I said; and they expected then to find Him, and all things they did as blinded. For though He Himself made the greatest use of their wickedness for His own dispensation, they were not surely for this guiltless, but deserving of inflictions without number for their temper of mind. At least when all should be set free, even the guilty, then these men slew the guiltless, Him that had conferred on them countless benefits, and who for a time had neglected the Gentiles for their sake. But O loving-kindness! them that were thus depraved, them that were thus froward, and2888   [The words in italics are not sustained by the mss. collated by Field.—R.]full of countless evils, He again saves, and sends the apostles to be slain in their behalf, and by the apostles makes entreaty. “For we are ambassadors for Christ.”2889   2 Cor. v. 20. [R.V., “on behalf of Christ.”]

Having then such patterns as these, I say not, let us die for our enemies, for we ought to do even this; but since we are too feeble for this, I say for the present, at least let us not look with an evil eye upon our friends, let us not envy our benefactors. I say not for the present, let us do good to them that evil entreat us, for I desire even this; but since you are too gross for this, at least avenge not yourselves. What is our condition, a scene, and acting? Wherefore can it be that ye set yourselves directly against the acts enjoined? It is not for nought that all else hath been written and how many things He did at the very cross sufficient to recall them to Him; but that thou mightest imitate His goodness, that thou mightest emulate His lovingkindness. For indeed He cast them to the ground, and restored the servant’s ear, and discoursed with forbearance; and great miracles did He show forth, when lifted up, turning aside the sunbeams, bursting the rocks, raising the dead, frightening by dreams the wife of him that was judging Him, at the very judgment showing forth all meekness (which was of power not less than miracles to gain them over), forewarning them of countless things in the judgment hall; on the very cross crying aloud, “Father, forgive them their sin.”2890   Luke xxiii. 34. [Freely cited.] And when buried, how many things did He show forth for their salvation? And having risen again, did he not straightway call the Jews? did He not give them remission of sins? did He not set before them countless blessings? What can be more strange than this? They that crucified Him, and were breathing murder, after they crucified Him, became sons of God.

What can be equal to this tenderness? On hearing these things let us hide our faces, to think that we are so far removed from Him whom we are commanded to imitate. Let us at least see how great the distance, that we may at any rate condemn ourselves, for warring with these, in behalf of whom Christ gave His life, and not being willing to be reconciled to them, whom that He might reconcile He refused not even to be slain; unless this too be some expense, and outlay of money, which ye object in almsgiving.

4. Consider of how many things thou art guilty; and so far from being backward to forgive them that have injured thee, thou wilt even run unto them that have grieved thee, in order that thou mayest have a ground for pardon, that thou mayest find a remedy for thine own evil deeds.

The sons of the Greeks, who look for nothing great, have often shown self-command toward these: and thou who art to depart hence with such hopes, shrinkest, and art slow to act; and that which time effects, this thou endurest not to do before the time for God’s law, but willest this passion to be quenched without reward, rather than for a reward? For neither, if this should have arisen from the time, wilt thou have any advantage, but rather great will be the punishment, because, what time hath effected, this the law of God persuaded thee not to do.

But if thou sayest that thou burnest with the memory of the insult; call to mind if any good hath been done thee by him that hath offended thee, and how many ills thou hast occasioned to others.

Hath he spoken ill of thee, and disgraced thee? Consider also that thou hast spoken thus of others. How then wilt thou obtain pardon, which thou bestowest not on others? But hast thou spoken ill of no one? But thou hast heard men so speaking, and allowed it. Neither is this guiltless.

Wilt thou learn how good a thing it is not to remember injuries, and how this more than anything pleases God? Them that exult over persons, justly chastised by Himself, He punishes. And yet they are justly chastised; but thou shouldest not rejoice over them. So the prophet having brought many accusations, added this also, saying, “They felt nothing for the affliction of Joseph;”2891   Amos vi. 6.and again, “She that inhabiteth Enan, came not forth to lament for the place near her.”2892   Micah i. 11, LXX. And yet both Joseph (that is, the tribes that were sprung from him), and the neighbors of these others, were punished according to the purpose of God; nevertheless, it is His will that we sympathize even with these. For if we, being evil, when we are punishing a servant, if we should see one of his fellow slaves laughing, we at the same time are provoked the more, and turn our anger against him; much more will God punish them that exult over those whom He chastises. But if upon them that are chastised by God it is not right to trample, but to grieve with them, much more with them that have sinned against us. For this is love’s sign; love God prefers to all things. For as in the royal purple, those are precious amongst the flowers and dyes, which make up this robing; so here too, these virtues are the precious ones, which preserve love. But nothing maintains love so much as the not remembering them that have sinned against us.

“Why? did not God guard the other side also? Why? did He not drive him that hath done the wrong to him that is wronged? Doth He not send him from the altar to the other, and so after the reconciliation invite him to the table?” But do not therefore wait for the other to come, since thus thou hast lost all. For to this intent most especially doth He appoint unto thee an unspeaka ble reward, that thou mayest prevent the other, since, if thou art reconciled by his entreaties, the amity is no longer the result of the divine command, but of the other party’s diligence. Wherefore also thou goest away uncrowned, while he receives the rewards.

What sayest thou? Hast thou an enemy, and art thou not ashamed? Why is not the devil enough for us, that we bring upon ourselves those of our own race also? Would that not even he had been minded to war against us; would that not even he were a devil!

Knowest thou not how great the pleasure after reconciliation? For what, though in our enmity it appear not great? For that it is sweeter to love him that doth us wrong than to hate him, after the enmity is done away thou shalt be able to learn full well.

5. Why then do we imitate the mad, devouring one another, warring against our own flesh?

Hear even under the Old Testament, how great regard there was for this, “The ways of revengeful men are unto death.2893   Prov. xii. 28, LXX. One man keepeth anger against another, and doth he seek healing of God?”2894   Ecclus. xxviii. 3.“And yet He allowed, ‘eye for eye,’ and ‘tooth for tooth,’ how then doth He find fault?” Because He allowed even those things, not that we should do them one to another, but that through the fear of suffering, we might abstain from the commission of crime. And besides, those acts are the fruits of a short-lived anger, but to remember injuries is the part of a soul that practises itself in evil.

But hast thou suffered evil? yet nothing so great, as thou wilt do to thyself by remembering injuries. And besides, it is not so much as possible for a good man to suffer any evil. For suppose there to be any man, having both children and a wife, and let him practise virtue, and let him have moreover many occasions of being injured, as well abundance of possessions, as sovereign power, and many friends, and let him enjoy honor; only let him practise virtue, for this must be added, and let us in supposition lay plagues upon him. And let some wicked man come unto him, and involve him in losses. What then is that to him who accounts money nothing? Let him kill his children. What this to him, who learns to be wise touching the resurrection? Let him slay his wife; what is this to him who is instructed not to sorrow for them that are fallen asleep? let him cast him into dishonor. What this to him who accounts the things present, the flower of the grass? If thou wilt, let him also torture his body, and cast him into prison, what this to him that hath learnt, “Though our outward man perish, yet the inward man is renewed;”2895   2 Cor. iv. 16. [R.V., “our outward man is decaying.”]and that “tribulation worketh approval?”2896   Rom. v. 4. [R.V., “probation;” δοκιμν cannot be accurately rendered by any single English term.—R.]

Now I had undertaken that he should receive no harm; but the account as it proceeded hath shown that he is even advantaged, being renewed, and becoming approved.

Let us not then vex ourselves with others, injuring ourselves, and rendering our soul weak. For the vexation is not so much from our neighbors’ wickedness, as from our weakness. Because of this, should any one insult us, we weep, and frown; should any one rob us, we suffer the same like those little children, which the more clever of their companions provoke for nothing, grieving them for small causes; but nevertheless these too, if they should see them vexed, continue to tease them, but if laughing, they on the contrary leave off. But we are more foolish even than these, lamenting for these things, about which we ought to laugh.

Wherefore I entreat, let us let go this childish mind, and lay hold of Heaven. For indeed, Christ willeth us to be men, perfect men. On this wise did Paul also command, “Brethren, be not children in understanding,” he saith, “howbeit in malice be ye children.”2897   1 Cor. xiv. 20. [R.V., “be not children in mind; howbeit in malice be ye babes.”]

Let us therefore be children2898   [“babes.”]in malice, and flee wickedness, and lay hold on virtue, that we may attain also to the good things eternal, by the grace and love towards man of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be glory and might, world without end. Amen.

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΟΗʹ. Τότε ὁμοιωθήσεται ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν δέκα παρθένοις, αἵτινες λαβοῦσαι τὰς λαμπάδας αὐτῶν, ἐξῆλθον εἰς ἀπάντησιν τοῦ νυμφίου. Πέντε δὲ ἦσαν φρόνιμοι, καὶ πέντε μωραὶ, αἵτινες οὐκ ἔλαβον, φησὶν, ἔλαιον. Αἱ δὲ φρόνιμοι ἔλαβον ἔλαιον ἐν τοῖς ἀγγείοις αὐτῶν μετὰ τῶν λαμπάδων αὐτῶν. Χρονίζοντος δὲ τοῦ νυμφίου, καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. αʹ. Αὗται αἱ παραβολαὶ τῇ προτέρᾳ ἐοίκασι τῇ τοῦ πιστοῦ δούλου, καὶ τοῦ ἀγνώμονος καὶ τὰ δεσποτικὰ κατεδηδοκότος. Τέσσαρες γάρ εἰσιν αἱ πᾶσαι περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν διαφόρως ἡμῖν παραινοῦσαι: λέγω δὴ τῆς περὶ τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην σπουδῆς, καὶ τοῦ διὰ πάντων, ὧν ἂν δυνώμεθα, τὸν πλησίον ὠφελεῖν, ὡς οὐκ ἐνὸν σωθῆναι ἑτέρως. Ἀλλ' ἐνταῦθα μὲν περὶ πάσης ὠφελείας λέγει καθολικώτερον, ἢν εἰς τὸν πλησίον ἐπιδείκνυσθαι χρή: ἐπὶ δὲ τῶν παρθένων περὶ ἐλεημοσύνης ἰδικῶς τῆς ἐν χρήμασι λέγει, καὶ σφοδρότερον ἢ ἐπὶ τῆς προτέρας παραβολῆς. Ἐκεῖ μὲν γὰρ τὸν τύπτοντα, καὶ μεθύοντα, καὶ τὰ δεσποτικὰ σκορπίζοντα καὶ ἀπολλύντα κολάζει: ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ τὸν οὐκ ὠφελοῦντα, οὐδὲ δαψιλῶς τοῖς δεομένοις τὰ ὄντα κενοῦντα. Εἶχον μὲν γὰρ ἔλαιον, οὐ δαψιλὲς δέ: διὸ καὶ κολάζονται. Τίνος δὲ ἕνεκεν ἐπὶ τοῦ προσώπου τῶν παρθένων ταύτην προάγει τὴν παραβολὴν, καὶ οὐχ ἁπλῶς ὁτιδήποτε ὑποτίθεται πρόσωπον; Μεγάλα περὶ παρθενίας διελέχθη εἰπών: Εἰσὶν εὐνοῦχοι, οἵτινες εὐνούχισαν ἑαυτοὺς διὰ τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν: καὶ, Ὁ δυνάμενος χωρεῖν, χωρείτω. Οἶδε καὶ τοὺς πολλοὺς τῶν ἀνθρώπων μεγάλην περὶ αὐτῆς δόξαν ἔχοντας. Καὶ γάρ ἐστι φύσει τὸ πρᾶγμα μέγα, καὶ δείκνυται ἐξ ὧν οὔτε ἐν τῇ Παλαιᾷ ὑπὸ τῶν παλαιῶν καὶ ἁγίων ἀνδρῶν ἐκείνων κατωρθώθη, καὶ ἐν τῇ Καινῇ δὲ οὐκ ἦλθεν εἰς ἀνάγκην νόμου. Οὐ γὰρ ἐπέταξε τοῦτο, ἀλλὰ τῇ προαιρέσει τῶν ἀκουόντων ἐπέτρεψε. Διὸ καὶ Παῦλός φησι: Περὶ δὲ τῶν παρθένων ἐπιταγὴν Κυρίου οὐκ ἔχω. Ἐπαινῶ μὲν γὰρ τὸν κατορθοῦντα, οὐκ ἀναγκάζω δὲ τὸν μὴ βουλόμενον, οὐδὲ ἐπίταγμα τὸ πρᾶγμα ποιῶ. Ἐπεὶ οὖν καὶ μέγα τὸ πρᾶγμα ἦν, καὶ μεγάλην παρὰ τοῖς πολλοῖς δόξαν εἶχεν, ἵνα μή τις τοῦτο κατορθῶν, ὡς τὸ πᾶν κατωρθωκὼς διακέηται, καὶ τῶν λοιπῶν ἀμελῇ, τίθησι ταύτην τὴν παραβολὴν, ἱκανὴν πεῖσαι, ὅτι παρθενία, κἂν τὰ ἄλλα πάντα ἔχῃ, τῶν ἀπὸ τῆς ἐλεημοσύνης καλῶν ἔρημος οὖσα, μετὰ τῶν πόρνων ἐκβάλλεται: καὶ τὸν ἀπάνθρωπον καὶ τὸν ἀνελεήμονα ἵστησι μετ' αὐτῶν. Καὶ μάλα εἰκότως: ὁ μὲν γὰρ σωμάτων ἔρωτος ἡττήθη, αἱ δὲ χρημάτων. Οὐκ ἔστι δὲ ἴσον σωμάτων ἔρως καὶ χρημάτων: ἀλλ' ὁ τῶν σωμάτων δριμύτερός τε πολλῷ καὶ τυραννικώτερος. Ὅσῳ οὖν ἀσθενέστερος ὁ ἀνταγωνιστὴς, τοσούτῳ ἀσύγγνωστοι μᾶλλον αἱ νικηθεῖσαι. Διὰ τοῦτο δὴ καὶ μωρὰς αὐτὰς καλεῖ, ὅτι τὸν μείζονα ὑποστᾶσαι πόνον, διὰ τὸν ἐλάττονα τὸ πᾶν προὔδωκαν. Λαμπάδας δὲ ἐνταῦθά φησιν αὐτὸ τὸ τῆς παρθενίας χάρισμα, τὸ καθαρὸν τῆς ἁγιωσύνης: ἔλαιον δὲ, τὴν φιλανθρωπίαν, τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην, τὴν περὶ τοὺς δεομένους βοήθειαν. Χρονίζοντος δὲ τοῦ νυμφίου, ἐνύσταξαν πᾶσαι, καὶ ἐκάθευδον. Δείκνυσιν οὐκ ὀλίγον τὸν χρόνον ἐσόμενον πάλιν τὸν μεταξὺ, τοὺς μαθητὰς ἀπάγων τοῦ προσδοκᾷν αὐτίκα μάλα φανεῖσθαι τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ γὰρ τοῦτο ἤλπιζον: διὰ τοῦτο καὶ συνεχῶς αὐτοὺς ἀναχαιτίζει τῆς ἐλπίδος ταύτης. Μετὰ δὲ τούτου κἀκεῖνο ἐμφαίνει, ὅτι ὕπνος ὁ θάνατός ἐστιν. Ἐκάθευδον γὰρ, φησί. Περὶ δὲ μέσας νύκτας κραυγὴ γέγονεν. Ἤτοι τῇ παραβολῇ ἐπέμεινεν, ἢ πάλιν δείκνυσιν, ὅτι ἐν νυκτὶ ἡ ἀνάστασις γίνεται. Τὴν δὲ κραυγὴν καὶ ὁ Παῦλος ἐνδείκνυται, λέγων: Ἐν κελεύσματι, ἐν φωνῇ ἀρχαγγέλου, ἐν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ σάλπιγγι καταβήσεται ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ. Καὶ τί βούλονται αἱ σάλπιγγες; τί δὲ ἡ κραυγὴ λέγει; Ὁ νυμφίος ἔρχεται. Ἐπεὶ οὖν ἐκόσμησαν τὰς λαμπάδας, λέγουσιν αἱ μωραὶ ταῖς φρονίμοις: Δότε ἡμῖν ἐκ τοῦ ἐλαίου ὑμῶν. Πάλιν αὐτὰς μωρὰς καλεῖ, δεικνὺς ὅτι οὐδὲν μωρότερον τῶν ἐνταῦθα χρηματιζομένων, καὶ γυμνῶν ἀπιόντων ἐκεῖσε, ἔνθα μάλιστα φιλανθρωπίας ἡμῖν χρεία, ἔνθα πολλοῦ τοῦ ἐλαίου. Οὐ ταύτῃ δὲ μόνον μωραὶ, ἀλλ' ὅτι καὶ προσεδόκησαν ἐκεῖθεν λήψεσθαι, καὶ ἀκαίρως ἐζήτησαν: καίτοιγε οὐδὲν ἐκείνων φιλανθρωπότερον ἦν τῶν παρθένων, αἳ διὰ τοῦτο μάλιστα εὐδοκίμησαν. Καὶ οὐδὲ τὸ πᾶν ζητοῦσι: Δότε γὰρ ἡμῖν, φησὶν, ἐκ τοῦ ἐλαίου ὑμῶν: καὶ τὸ ἀναγκαῖον τῆς χρείας ἐπιδείκνυνται: σβέννυνται γὰρ, φησὶν, αἱ λαμπάδες ἡμῶν. Ἀλλὰ καὶ οὕτως ἀπέτυχον: καὶ οὔτε ἡ φιλανθρωπία τῶν αἰτουμένων, οὔτε τὸ εὔκολον τῆς αἰτήσεως, οὔτε τὸ ἀναγκαῖον καὶ χρειῶδες ἐποίησεν αὐτὰς ἐπιτυχεῖν. Ἀλλὰ τί δὴ ἐντεῦθεν μανθάνομεν; Ὅτι οὐδεὶς ἡμῶν ἐκεῖ, τῶν ἐκ τῶν ἔργων προδοθέντων, προστῆναι δυνήσεται: οὐκ ἐπειδὴ οὐ βούλεται, ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ οὐ δύναται. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ αὗται ἐπὶ τὸ ἀδύνατον καταφεύγουσι. Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ μακάριος Ἀβραὰμ ἐδήλωσεν εἰπὼν, ὅτι Χάσμα μέγα ἐστὶ μεταξὺ ὑμῶν καὶ ἡμῶν, ὥστε μηδὲ βουλομένοις ἐξεῖναι διαβῆναι. Πορεύεσθε δὲ πρὸς τοὺς πωλοῦντας, καὶ ἀγοράσατε. Καὶ τίνες οἱ πωλοῦντες; Οἱ πένητες. Καὶ ποῦ οὗτοι; Ἐνταῦθα: καὶ τότε ζητῆσαι ἐχρῆν, οὐκ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ. βʹ. Ὁρᾷς ὁπόση γίνεται ἀπὸ τῶν πενήτων ἡμῖν ἡ πραγματεία; κἂν τούτους ἀνέλῃς, τὴν πολλὴν τῆς σωτηρίας ἡμῶν ἀνεῖλες ἐλπίδα. Διόπερ ἐνταῦθα τὸ ἔλαιον συνάγειν χρὴ, ἵνα ἐκεῖ χρήσιμον γένηται, ὅταν ὁ καιρὸς ἡμᾶς καλῇ. Οὐ γὰρ ἐκεῖνός ἐστιν ὁ καιρὸς τῆς συλλογῆς. ἀλλ' οὗτος. Μὴ τοίνυν ἀνάλισκε μάτην τὰ ὄντα εἰς τρυφὰς καὶ κενοδοξίας. Πολλοῦ γάρ σοι ἐκεῖ χρεία τοῦ ἐλαίου. Ταῦτα ἀκούσασαι ἐκεῖναι ἀπῆλθον, ἀλλ' οὐδὲν ὤνησαν. Τοῦτο δέ φησιν, ἢ τῇ παραβολῇ παραμένων, καὶ ὑφαίνων αὐτήν: ἢ καὶ διὰ τούτων δεικνὺς, ὅτι κἂν φιλάνθρωποι γενώμεθα μετὰ τὸ ἀπελθεῖν, οὐδὲν ἐντεῦθεν κερδήσομεν εἰς τὸ διαφυγεῖν. Οὐκοῦν οὐδὲ ταύταις ἤρκεσεν ἡ προθυμία: ἐπειδὴ μὴ ἐνταῦθα ἀπῆλθον πρὸς τοὺς πωλοῦντας, ἀλλ' ἐκεῖ: οὔτε τῷ πλουσίῳ, ὅτε οὕτω φιλάνθρωπος γέγονεν, ὡς καὶ ὑπὲρ τῶν αὐτῷ προσηκόντων μεριμνᾷν. Ὁ γὰρ τὸν ἐν τῷ πυλῶνι κείμενον παρατρέχων, τοὺς οὐδὲ ὁρωμένους ἐξαρπάσαι τῶν κινδύνων καὶ τῆς γεέννης ἐπείγεται, καὶ παρακαλεῖ πεμφθῆναί τινας τοὺς ταῦτα ἀπαγγελοῦντας αὐτοῖς. Ἀλλ' ὅμως οὐδὲν ἐκεῖνος ἐντεῦθεν ἀπώνατο, ὥσπερ οὐδὲ αὗται. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ταῦτα ἀκούσασαι ἀπῆλθον, ἦλθεν ὁ νυμφίος: καὶ αἱ μὲν ἕτοιμοι, συνεισῆλθον αἱ δὲ ἀπεκλείσθησαν. Μετὰ τοὺς πολλοὺς πόνους, μετὰ τοὺς μυρίους ἱδρῶτας καὶ τὴν ἀφόρητον μάχην ἐκείνην, καὶ τὰ τρόπαια ἃ κατὰ τῆς φύσεως λυττώσης ἀνέστησαν, καταισχυνθεῖσαι καὶ τῶν λαμπάδων ἐσβεσμένων, ἀνεχώρουν κάτω κύπτουσαι. Οὐδὲν γὰρ ἀμαυρότερον παρθενίας, ἔλεον μὴ ἐχούσης: οὕτω καὶ οἱ πολλοὶ τοὺς ἀνελεήμονας εἰώθασι καλεῖν σκοτεινούς. Ποῦ τοίνυν τῆς παρθενίας ὄφελος, ὅτε τὸν νυμφίον οὐκ εἶδον, καὶ οὐδὲ κρούσασαι ἤνυσαν, ἀλλὰ τὸ φοβερὸν ἐκεῖνο ἤκουσαν ῥῆμα, Ὑπάγετε, οὐκ οἶδα ὑμᾶς; Ὅταν δὲ αὐτὸς εἴπῃ τοῦτο, οὐδὲν ἕτερον ἢ γέεννα καταλιμπάνεται καὶ ἡ ἀφόρητος κόλασις: μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ τῆς γεέννης τοῦτο τὸ ῥῆμα χαλεπώτερον. Τοῦτο τὸ ῥῆμα καὶ τοῖς τὴν ἀνομίαν ἐργαζομένοις εἶπε. Γρηγορεῖτε οὖν, ὅτι οὐκ οἴδατε τὴν ἡμέραν, οὐδὲ τὴν ὥραν. Ὁρᾷς πῶς συνεχῶς τοῦτο ἐπιλέγει, χρησίμην δεικνὺς τὴν ἄγνοιαν τῆς ἐξόδου τῆς ἐντεῦθεν; Ποῦ νῦν εἰσιν οἱ διὰ παντὸς μὲν τοῦ βίου ῥᾴθυμοι, ὅταν δὲ ἐγκαλῶνται παρ' ἡμῶν, λέγοντες, ὅτι Ἐν καιρῷ τελευτῆς καταλιμπάνω τοῖς δεομένοις; Ἀκουέτωσαν τῶν ῥημάτων τούτων, καὶ διορθούσθωσαν. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ καιρῷ πολλοὶ ἐξέπεσον τούτου, ἀθρόον ἀναρπασθέντες, καὶ οὐδὲ ἐπισκῆψαι συγχωρηθέντες τοῖς οἰκείοις ὑπὲρ ὧν ἐβούλοντο. Αὕτη μὲν οὖν ἡ παραβολὴ τῆς διὰ χρημάτων ἐλεημοσύνης ἕνεκεν εἴρηται: ἡ δὲ μετὰ ταύτην, πρὸς τοὺς οὐ χρήμασιν, οὐ λόγῳ, οὐ προστασίᾳ, οὐχ ἑτέρῳ ὁτῳοῦν ὠφελεῖν βουλομένους τοὺς πλησίον, ἀλλὰ πάντα ἀποκρύπτοντας. Καὶ τί δήποτε αὕτη μὲν ἡ παραβολὴ βασιλέα εἰσάγει, ἐκείνη δὲ νυμφίον; Ἵνα μάθῃς πῶς οἰκείως ἔχει πρὸς τὰς παρθένους ὁ Χριστὸς, τὰς ἀποδυομένας τὰ ὄντα: τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ παρθενία. Διὸ καὶ Παῦλος τοῦτον τίθησιν ὅρον τοῦ πράγματος. Ἡ ἄγαμος μεριμνᾷ τὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, φησί: καὶ, Πρὸς τὸ εὔσχημον καὶ εὐπάρεδρον τῷ Κυρίῳ ἀπερισπάστως. Ταῦτα παραινοῦμεν, φησίν. Εἰ δὲ ἐν τῷ Λουκᾷ ἑτέρως κεῖται ἡ τῶν ταλάντων παραβολὴ, ἐκεῖνο λεκτέον, ὅτι ἄλλη αὕτη, καὶ ἑτέρα ἐκείνη. Ἐν ἐκείνῃ μὲν γὰρ ἀπὸ ἑνὸς κεφαλαίου διάφοροι γεγόνασιν αἱ πρόσοδοι: ἀπὸ γὰρ μιᾶς μνᾶς ὁ μὲν πέντε, ὁ δὲ δέκα προσήνεγκαν, διὸ οὐδὲ τῶν αὐτῶν ἔτυχον: ἐνταῦθα δὲ τοὐναντίον, διὸ καὶ ὁ στέφανος ἴσος. Ὁ γὰρ δύο λαβὼν, δύο ἔδωκε, καὶ ὁ τὰ πέντε πάλιν ὁμοίως: ἐκεῖ δὲ, ἐπειδὴ ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς ὑποθέσεως ὁ μὲν πλείονα, ὁ δὲ ἐλάττονα πρόσοδον ἐποιήσατο, εἰκότως καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἐπάθλοις οὐχ ὁμοίως ἀπολαύουσιν. Ὅρα δὲ αὐτὸν πανταχοῦ οὐκ εὐθέως ἀπαιτοῦντα. Καὶ γὰρ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος ἐξέδοτο γεωργοῖς, καὶ ἀπεδήμησε: καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἐνεπίστευσε, καὶ ἀπεδήμησεν, ἵνα μάθῃς αὐτοῦ τὴν μακροθυμίαν. Ἐμοὶ δὲ δοκεῖ καὶ τὴν ἀνάστασιν αἰνιττόμενος ταῦτα λέγειν. Ἀλλ' ἐνταῦθα οὐκέτι γεωργοὶ καὶ ἀμπελὼν, ἀλλὰ πάντες ἐργάται. Οὐ γὰρ πρὸς ἄρχοντας μόνον, οὐδὲ πρὸς Ἰουδαίους, ἀλλὰ πρὸς ἅπαντας διαλέγεται. Καὶ οἱ μὲν προσφέροντες ὁμολογοῦσιν εὐγνωμόνως καὶ τὰ αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ τοῦ δεσπότου. Καὶ ὁ μὲν λέγει, Κύριε, πέντε τάλαντά μοι ἔδωκας: ὁ δὲ λέγει, δύο: δεικνύντες ὅτι παρ' αὐτοῦ τὴν ἀφορμὴν ἔλαβον τῆς ἐργασίας, καὶ πολλὴν χάριν ἴσασι, καὶ τὸ πᾶν αὐτῷ λογίζονται. Τί οὖν ὁ δεσπότης; Εὖ, δοῦλε ἀγαθὲ, φησὶ (τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν ἀγαθοῦ, τὸ εἰς τὸν πλησίον ὁρᾷν), καὶ πιστέ: ἐπὶ ὀλίγα ἦς πιστὸς, ἐπὶ πολλῶν σε καταστήσω: εἴσελθε εἰς τὴν χαρὰν τοῦ κυρίου σου: τὴν πᾶσαν μακαριότητα διὰ τοῦ ῥήματος τούτου δεικνύς. Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἐκεῖνος οὕτως, ἀλλὰ πῶς; Ἤ|δειν ὅτι σκληρὸς εἶ ἄνθρωπος, θερίζων ὅπου οὐκ ἔσπειρας, καὶ συνάγων ὅθεν οὐ διεσκόρπισας: καὶ φοβηθεὶς ἔκρυψα τὸ τάλαντόν σου: ἴδε, ἔχεις τὸ σόν. Τί οὖν ὁ δεσπότης; Ἔδει σε βαλεῖν τὸ ἀργύριόν μου τοῖς τραπεζίταις, τουτέστιν, εἰπεῖν ἐχρῆν, παραινέσαι, συμβουλεῦσαι. Ἀλλ' οὐ πείθονται; Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἔστι τοῦτο πρὸς σέ. Τί τούτου γένοιτ' ἂν ἡμερώτερον; γʹ. Ἄνθρωποι μὲν γὰρ οὐχ οὕτω ποιοῦσιν, ἀλλ' αὐτὸν τὸν δανείσαντα, αὐτὸν καὶ ὑπεύθυνον τῆς ἀπαιτήσεως καθιστῶσιν. Αὐτὸς δὲ οὐχ οὕτως: ἀλλὰ, σὲ ἔδει καταβαλεῖν, φησὶ, καὶ τὴν ἀπαίτησιν ἐμοὶ ἐπιτρέψαι. Κἀγὼ μετὰ τόκου ἂν ἀπῄτησα: τόκον λέγων ἀκροάσεως τὴν τῶν ἔργων ἐπίδειξιν. Σὲ ἔδει τὸ εὐκολώτερον ποιῆσαι, ἐμοὶ δὲ τὸ δυσκολώτερον ἀφεῖναι. Ἐπεὶ οὖν τοῦτο οὐκ ἐποίησε, Λάβετε, φησὶν, ἀπ' αὐτοῦ τὸ τάλαντον, καὶ δότε τῷ τὰ δέκα τάλαντα ἔχοντι. Τῷ γὰρ ἔχοντι δοθήσεται, καὶ περισσευθήσεται: ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ μὴ ἔχοντος, καὶ ὃ ἔχει, ἀρθήσεται ἀπ' αὐτοῦ. Τί δὴ τοῦτό ἐστιν; Ὁ χάριν λόγου καὶ διδασκαλίας εἰς τὸ ὠφελεῖν ἔχων, καὶ μὴ χρώμενος αὐτῇ, καὶ τὴν χάριν ἀπολεῖ: ὁ δὲ σπουδὴν παρεχόμενος, πλείονα ἐπισπάσεται τὴν δωρεάν: ὥσπερ οὖν ἐκεῖνος καὶ ὃ ἔλαβεν ἀπόλλυσιν. Ἀλλ' οὐ μέχρι τούτου ἡ ζημία τῷ ἀργοῦντι, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀφόρητος ἡ κόλασις, καὶ μετὰ τῆς κολάσεως ἡ ἀπόφασις πολλῆς γέμουσα τῆς κατηγορίας. Τὸν γὰρ ἀχρεῖον δοῦλον ἐκβάλετε, φησὶν, εἰς τὸ σκότος τὸ ἐξώτερον: ἐκεῖ ἔσται ὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων. Εἶδες πῶς οὐ μόνον ὁ ἁρπάζων καὶ πλεονεκτῶν, οὐδὲ ὁ κακὰ ἐργαζόμενος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὁ ἀγαθὰ μὴ ποιῶν κολάζεται κόλασιν τὴν ἐσχάτην; Ἀκούσωμεν τοίνυν τῶν ῥημάτων τούτων. Ὡς ἔστι καιρὸς, ἀντιλαβώμεθα τῆς σωτηρίας τῆς ἡμετέρας, λάβωμεν ἔλαιον εἰς τὰς λαμπάδας, ἐργασώμεθα εἰς τὸ τάλαντον. Ἂν γὰρ ὀκνήσωμεν καὶ ἐν ἀργίᾳ διατρίβωμεν ἐνταῦθα, οὐδεὶς ἡμᾶς ἐλεήσει λοιπὸν ἐκεῖ, κἂν μυρία θρηνῶμεν. Κατέγνω ἑαυτοῦ καὶ ὁ τὰ ῥυπαρὰ ἱμάτια ἔχων, καὶ οὐδὲν ὠφέλησεν. Ἀπέδωκε καὶ ἣν ἐπιστεύθη παρακαταθήκην ὁ τὸ ἓν τάλαντον, καὶ οὕτω κατεκρίθη. Παρεκάλεσαν καὶ αἱ παρθένοι, καὶ προσῆλθον, καὶ ἔκρουσαν, καὶ πάντα εἰκῆ καὶ μάτην. Ταῦτ' οὖν εἰδότες, καὶ χρήματα, καὶ σπουδὴν, καὶ προστασίαν, καὶ πάντα εἰσενέγκωμεν εἰς τὴν τῶν πλησίον ὠφέλειαν. Τάλαντα γὰρ ἐνταῦθά ἐστιν ἡ ἑκάστου δύναμις, εἴτε ἐν προστασίᾳ, εἴτε ἐν χρήμασιν, εἴτε ἐν διδασκαλίᾳ, εἴτε ἐν οἵῳ δήποτε πράγματι τοιούτῳ. Μηδεὶς λεγέτω, ὅτι Ἓν τάλαντον ἔχω, καὶ οὐδὲν δύναμαι ποιῆσαι. Δύνασαι γὰρ καὶ δι' ἑνὸς εὐδοκιμῆσαι. Οὐ γὰρ εἶ τῆς χήρας ἐκείνης πενέστερος, οὐκ εἶ Πέτρου καὶ Ἰωάννου ἀγροικότερος, οἳ καὶ ἰδιῶται καὶ ἀγράμματοι ἦσαν, ἀλλ' ὅμως ἐπειδὴ προθυμίαν ἐπεδείξαντο, καὶ πρὸς τὸ κοινῇ συμφέρον πάντα ἐποίουν, τῶν οὐρανῶν ἐπελάβοντο. Οὐδὲν γὰρ οὕτως ἐστὶ τῷ Θεῷ φίλον, ὡς τὸ κοινωφελῶς ζῇν. Διὰ τοῦτο λόγον ἡμῖν ἔδωκεν ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ χεῖρας, καὶ πόδας, καὶ σώματος ἰσχὺν, καὶ νοῦν, καὶ σύνεσιν, ἵνα πᾶσι τούτοις καὶ εἰς τὴν ἡμῶν αὐτῶν σωτηρίαν καὶ εἰς τὴν τῶν πλησίον ὠφέλειαν χρησώμεθα. Οὐδὲ γὰρ εἰς ὕμνον ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος καὶ εὐχαριστίας χρήσιμος μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ εἰς διδασκαλίαν λυσιτελὴς καὶ παραίνεσιν. Κἂν μὲν εἰς τοῦτο χρησώμεθα, τὸν Δεσπότην ἐζηλώσαμεν: ἂν δὲ εἰς τἀναντία, τὸν διάβολον. Ἐπεὶ καὶ Πέτρος, ὅτε μὲν ὡμολόγησε τὸν Χριστὸν, ἐμακαρίζετο ὡς τὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς εἰρηκώς: ὅτε δὲ παρῃτεῖτο τὸν σταυρὸν καὶ ἀπηγόρευσεν, ἐπετιμᾶτο σφοδρῶς, ὡς τὰ τοῦ διαβόλου φρονῶν. Εἰ δὲ ἔνθα ἀγνοίας ἦν. τὸ εἰρημένον, τοσαύτη ἡ κατηγορία: ὅταν ἑκόντες πολλὰ ἁμαρτάνωμεν, ποίαν ἕξομεν συγγνώμην; Τοιαῦτα τοίνυν φθεγγώμεθα, ἵνα αὐτόθεν ᾖ δῆλα τὰ ῥήματα τοῦ Χριστοῦ ὄντα. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἂν εἴπω μόνον, Ἔγειραι καὶ περιπάτει, οὐδὲ ἂν εἴπω, Ταβιθὰ, ἀνάστηθι, τότε τὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ λαλῶ: ἀλλὰ πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἂν λοιδορηθεὶς εὐλογήσω, ἂν ἐπηρεασθεὶς εὔξωμαι ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἐπηρεάζοντος. Πρώην μὲν οὖν ἔλεγον, ὅτι χείρ ἐστιν ἡ γλῶττα ἡμῶν, τῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἁπτομένη ποδῶν: νῦν δὲ πολλῷ πλέον λέγω, ὅτι γλῶττά ἐστιν ἡ γλῶττα ἡμῶν, τὴν τοῦ Χριστοῦ μιμουμένη, ἐὰν τὴν προσήκουσαν ἀκρίβειαν ἐπιδείξηται, ἂν ἐκεῖνα φθεγγώμεθα, ἅπερ ἐκεῖνος βούλεται. Τί δέ ἐστιν ἃ ἐκεῖνος ἡμᾶς βούλεται φθέγγεσθαι; Τὰ ἐπιεικείας γέμοντα ῥήματα καὶ πραότητος: ὥσπερ οὖν καὶ αὐτὸς ἐφθέγγετο, λέγων τοῖς ὑβρίζουσιν αὐτὸν, Ἐγὼ δαιμόνιον οὐκ ἔχω: καὶ πάλιν: Εἰ μὲν κακῶς ἐλάλησα, μαρτύρησον περὶ τοῦ κακοῦ. Ἐὰν οὕτω καὶ σὺ λέγῃς, ἐὰν εἰς διόρθωσιν τῶν πλησίον λαλῇς, κέκτησαι γλῶτταν ἐοικυῖαν ἐκείνῃ. Καὶ ταῦτα αὐτός φησιν ὁ Θεός: Ὁ γὰρ ἐξάγων τίμιον ἐξ ἀναξίου ὡς στόμα μου ἔσται, φησίν. Ὅταν οὖν ἡ γλῶττά σου ὡς ἡ γλῶττα ᾖ τοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ τὸ στόμα σου γένηται στόμα τοῦ Πατρὸς, καὶ τοῦ Πνεύματος τοῦ ἁγίου ναὸς ᾖς, ποία ταύτης λοιπὸν ἴση γένοιτ' ἂν τιμή; Οὐδὲ γὰρ εἰ ἀπὸ χρυσίου συνέκειτό σου τὸ στόμα, οὐδὲ εἰ ἀπὸ λίθων τιμίων, οὕτως ἔμελλε λάμπειν ὡς νῦν, τῷ κόσμῳ τῆς ἐπιεικείας καταυγαζόμενον. Τί γὰρ στόματος ποθεινότερον οὐκ εἰδότος ὑβρίζειν, ἀλλ' εὐλογεῖν [καὶ χρηστολογεῖν] μεμελετηκότος; Εἰ δὲ οὐκ ἀνέχῃ εὐλογεῖν τὸν καταρώμενον, σίγησον, καὶ τοῦτο τέως κατόρθωσον: καὶ ὁδῷ προβαίνων καὶ σπουδάζων ὡς χρὴ, καὶ ἐπ' ἐκεῖνο ἥξεις, καὶ κτήσῃ στόμα τοιοῦτον οἷον εἰρήκαμεν. δʹ. Καὶ μὴ νομίσῃς τολμηρὸν εἶναι τὸ λεχθέν. Φιλάνθρωπος γάρ ἐστιν ὁ Δεσπότης, καὶ τῆς ἀγαθότητος αὐτοῦ τὸ δῶρον γίνεται. Τολμηρόν ἐστι, διαβόλῳ στόμα ἔχειν ἐοικὸς, δαίμονος πονηροῦ κεκτῆσθαι γλῶτταν ὁμοίαν, μάλιστα τὸν μυστηρίων τοιούτων μετέχοντα, καὶ αὐτῇ κοινωνοῦντα τῇ σαρκὶ τοῦ Δεσπότου. Ταῦτ' οὖν ἀναλογιζόμενος, γενοῦ κατ' ἐκεῖνον εἰς δύναμιν τὴν σήν. Οὐκέτι σοι λοιπὸν ὁ διάβολος οὐδὲ ἀντιβλέψαι τοιούτῳ γενομένῳ δυνήσεται. Καὶ γὰρ ἐπιγινώσκει τὸν χαρακτῆρα τὸν βασιλικόν: οἶδε τοῦ Χριστοῦ τὰ ὅπλα, δι' ὧν ἡττήθη. Τίνα δὲ ταῦτά ἐστιν; Ἐπιείκεια καὶ πραότης. Καὶ γὰρ ὅτε ἐν τῷ ὄρει προσβάλλοντα αὐτὸν κατέῤῥαξε καὶ ἐξέτεινεν, οὐχὶ γνωριζόμενος ὅτι Χριστὸς ἦν, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τῶν ῥημάτων αὐτὸν ἐσαγήνευσε τούτων, ἀπὸ ἐπιεικείας εἷλεν, ἀπὸ πραότητος ἐτροπώσατο. Τοῦτο καὶ σὺ ποίησον: ἂν ἴδῃς ἄνθρωπον διάβολον γενόμενον, καὶ προσιόντα σοι, οὕτω καὶ σὺ νίκησον. Ἔδωκέ σοι ὁ Χριστὸς ἐξουσίαν γενέσθαι κατ' αὐτὸν εἰς δύναμιν τὴν σήν. Μὴ φοβηθῇς τοῦτο ἀκούων. Φόβος ἐστὶ, τὸ μὴ γενέσθαι κατ' αὐτόν. Φθέγγου τοίνυν κατ' ἐκεῖνον, καὶ γέγονας κατὰ τοῦτο τοιοῦτος οἶος ἐκεῖνος, ὡς ἄνθρωπον ὄντα ἔνι γενέσθαι. Διὰ τοῦτο μείζων ὁ οὕτω λαλῶν, ἢ ὁ προφητεύων. Τὸ μὲν γὰρ χάρις ὅλον: ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ πόνος σὸς καὶ ἱδρώς. Δίδαξον τὴν ψυχὴν διαπλάττειν σοι στόμα στόματι Χριστοῦ ἐοικός. Δύναται γὰρ τοιαῦτα δημιουργεῖν, ἂν ἐθέλῃ: οἶδε τὴν τέχνην, ἂν μὴ ᾖ ῥᾴθυμος. Καὶ πῶς πλάττεται τοιοῦτον στόμα; φησί: διὰ ποίων χρωμάτων; διὰ ποίας ὕλης; Διὰ χρωμάτων μὲν καὶ ὕλης οὐδεμιᾶς: διὰ δὲ ἀρετῆς μόνης, καὶ ἐπιεικείας, καὶ ταπεινοφροσύνης. Ἴδωμεν πῶς καὶ στόμα διαβόλου πλάττεται, ἵνα μηδέποτε ἐκεῖνο κατασκευάσωμεν. Πῶς οὖν πλάττεται; Διὰ ἀρῶν, διὰ ὕβρεων, διὰ βασκανίας, δι' ἐπιορκίας. Ὅταν γὰρ τὰ ἐκείνου φθέγγηταί τις, τὴν ἐκείνου γλῶτταν λαμβάνει. Ποίαν οὖν ἕξομεν συγγνώμην, μᾶλλον δὲ ποίαν οὐχ ὑποστησόμεθα τιμωρίαν, ὅταν τὴν γλῶτταν, ᾗ κατηξιώθημεν σαρκὸς γεύσασθαι Δεσποτικῆς, ταύτην περιίδωμεν τὰ τοῦ διαβόλου φθεγγομένην; Μὴ δὴ περιίδωμεν, ἀλλὰ πάσῃ χρησώμεθα σπουδῇ, ὥστε αὐτὴν παιδεῦσαι τὸν Δεσπότην μιμεῖσθαι τὸν ἑαυτῆς. Ἂν γὰρ αὐτὴν παιδεύσωμεν τοῦτο, μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς παῤῥησίας ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος ἡμᾶς στήσει τοῦ Χριστοῦ. Ἂν μή τις οὕτως εἰδῇ λαλεῖν, οὐδὲ ἀκούσεται αὐτοῦ ὁ δικαστής. Καθάπερ γὰρ, ὅταν Ῥωμαῖος ὢν ὁ κριτὴς τύχῃ, οὐκ ἀκούσεται ἀπολογουμένου τοῦ οὐκ εἰδότος οὕτω φθέγγεσθαι: οὕτω καὶ ὁ Χριστὸς, ἂν μὴ κατὰ τὸν αὐτοῦ τρόπον λαλῇς, οὐκ ἀκούσεταί σου, οὐδὲ προσέξει. Μάθωμεν τοίνυν οὕτω λαλεῖν, ὡς εἴωθεν ἀκούειν ὁ βασιλεὺς ὁ ἡμέτερος: σπουδάσωμεν ἐκείνην μιμεῖσθαι τὴν γλῶτταν. Κἂν εἰς πένθος ἐμπέσῃς, σκόπει ὅπως μὴ διαστρέψῃ σου τὸ στόμα τῆς ἀθυμίας ἡ τυραννὶς, ἀλλὰ λαλήσῃς ὥσπερ ὁ Χριστός. Ἐπένθησε γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸς τὸν Λάζαρον καὶ τὸν Ἰούδαν. Ἂν εἰς φόβον ἐμπέσῃς, ζήτησον οὕτω λαλῆσαι πάλιν ὡς αὐτός. Ἐνέπεσε γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸς εἰς φόβον διὰ σὲ κατὰ τὸν τῆς οἰκονομίας λόγον. Εἰπὲ καὶ σύ: Πλὴν οὐχ ὡς ἐγὼ θέλω, ἀλλ' ὡς σύ. Κἂν κλαίῃς, δάκρυσον ἠρέμα ὡς αὐτός. Κἂν εἰς ἐπιβουλὰς ἐμπέσῃς καὶ λύπην, καὶ ταῦτα ὡς ὁ Χριστὸς διατίθει. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ ἐπεβουλεύθη καὶ ἐλυπήθη, καὶ λέγει: Περίλυπός ἐστιν ἡ ψυχή μου ἕως θανάτου. Καὶ πάντα σοι τὰ ὑποδείγματα παρέσχεν, ἵνα αὐτὰ διαφυλάττῃς τὰ μέτρα, καὶ τοὺς δοθέντας σοι μὴ διαφθείρῃς κανόνας. Οὕτω δυνήσῃ στόμα ἔχειν ἐοικὸς ἐκείνου τῷ στόματι: οὕτως ἐπὶ γῆς βαδίζων, τοῦ ἄνω καθημένου γλῶτταν ἡμῖν ἐπιδείξεις ὁμοίαν, τὰ μέτρα τὰ ἐν ἀθυμίᾳ, τὰ ἐν ὀργῇ, τὰ ἐν πένθει, τὰ ἐν ἀγωνίᾳ διατηρῶν. Πόσοι ὑμῶν εἰσιν οἱ ἐπιθυμοῦντες αὐτοῦ τὴν μορφὴν ἰδεῖν; Ἰδοὺ οὐκ ἰδεῖν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ γενέσθαι κατ' αὐτὸν δυνατὸν, ἂν σπουδάζωμεν. Μὴ ἀναβαλλώμεθα τοίνυν. Οὐχ οὕτως ἀσπάζεται προφητῶν στόμα, ὡς ἐπιεικῶν καὶ πράων ἀνθρώπων. Πολλοὶ γὰρ ἐροῦσί μοι, φησὶν, Οὐ τῷ σῷ ὀνόματι προεφητεύσαμεν; Καὶ ἐρῶ αὐτοῖς: Οὐκ οἶδα ὑμᾶς. Τὸ δὲ τοῦ Μωϋσέως, ἐπειδὴ σφόδρα ἐπιεικὴς ἦν καὶ πρᾶος, (Ὁ γὰρ Μωϋσῆς, φησὶν, ἄνθρωπος πραότατος παρὰ πάντας τοὺς ἀνθρώπους τοὺς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς:) οὕτως ἠσπάζετο καὶ ἐφίλει, ὡς εἰπεῖν, Ἐνώπιος ἐνωπίῳ, στόμα κατὰ στόμα ἐλάλει, ὡσανεὶ φίλος πρὸς τὸν ἑαυτοῦ φίλον. Οὐκ ἐπιτάξεις δαίμοσι νῦν, ἀλλ' ἐπιτάξεις τότε τῷ τῆς γεέννης πυρὶ, ἐὰν ἔχῃς τῷ στόματι τοῦ Χριστοῦ τὸ στόμα σου ἐοικός. Ἐπιτάξεις τῇ ἀβύσσῳ τοῦ πυρὸς, καὶ ἐρεῖς, Σιώπα, πεφίμωσο: καὶ μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς παῤῥησίας τῶν οὐρανῶν ἐπιβήσῃ, καὶ ἀπολαύσεις τῆς βασιλείας: ἧς γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἐπιτυχεῖν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἅμα τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι δόξα, κράτος, τιμὴ, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.