Oration VII. Panegyric on His Brother S. Cæsarius.

 1.  It may be, my friends, my brethren, my fathers (ye who are dear to me in reality as well as in name) that you think that I, who am about to pay th

 2.  The parents of Cæsarius, to take first the point which best becomes me, are known to you all.  Their excellence you are eager to notice, and hear

 3.  His father was well grafted out of the wild olive tree into the good one, and so far partook of its fatness as to be entrusted with the engrafting

 4.  His mother was consecrated to God by virtue of her descent from a saintly family, and was possessed of piety as a necessary inheritance, not only

 5.  I have entered into these details, not from a desire to eulogize them, for this, I know well, it would be difficult worthily to do, if I made thei

 6.  Bred and reared under such influences, we were fully trained in the education afforded here, in which none could say how far he excelled most of u

 7.  What branch of learning did he not master, or rather, in what branch of study did he not surpass those who had made it their sole study?  Whom did

 8.  But when, after gathering into his single soul every kind of excellence and knowledge, as a mighty merchantman gathers every sort of ware, he was

 9.  Well, among the noble traits of Cæsarius’ character, we must not fail to note one, which perhaps is in others’ eyes slight and unworthy of mention

 10.  Among physicians he gained the foremost place with no great trouble, by merely exhibiting his capacity, or rather some slight specimen of his cap

 11.  Such was the philosophy of Cæsarius, even at court:  these were the ideas amidst which he lived and died, discovering and presenting to God, in t

 12.  However, that I may dwell awhile upon this point, and luxuriate in my story as men do who are eyewitnesses in some marvellous event, that noble m

 13.  Didst thou not fear for Cæsarius, lest aught unworthy of his zeal should befall him?  Nay, be ye of good courage.  For the victory is with Christ

 14.  This victory I esteem far more sublime and honourable than the Emperor’s mighty power and splendid purple and costly diadem.  I am more elated in

 15.  Again another wonder concerning him is a strong argument for his parents’ piety and his own.  He was living in Bithynia, holding an office of no

 16.  This, Cæsarius, is my funeral offering to thee, this the firstfruits of my words, which thou hast often blamed me for withholding, yet wouldst ha

 17.  Such is my offering if it be slight and inferior to his merit, God loveth that which is according to our power.   Part of our gift is now comple

 18.  What now remains?  To bring the healing of the Word to those in sorrow.  And a powerful remedy for mourners is sympathy, for sufferers are best c

 19.  Such, my brethren, is our existence, who live this transient life, such our pastime upon earth:  we come into existence out of non-existence, and

 20.  Let us not then mourn Cæsarius but ourselves, knowing what evils he has escaped to which we are left behind, and what treasure we shall lay up, u

 21.  Is this inadequate for our consolation?  I will add a more potent remedy.  I believe the words of the wise, that every fair and God-beloved soul,

 22.  But now, laying aside lamentation, I will look at myself, and examine my feelings, that I may not unconsciously have in myself anything to be lam

 23.  Would that I might mortify my members that are upon the earth, would that I might spend my all upon the spirit, walking in the way that is narrow

 24.  Yea, would that what we hope for might be, according to the great kindness of our bountiful God, Who asks for little and bestows great things, bo

 O Lord and Maker of all things, and specially of this our frame!  O God and Father and Pilot of men who are Thine!  O Lord of life and death!  O Judge

20.  Let us not then mourn Cæsarius but ourselves, knowing what evils he has escaped to which we are left behind, and what treasure we shall lay up, unless, earnestly cleaving unto God and outstripping transitory things, we press towards the life above, deserting the earth while we are still upon the earth, and earnestly following the spirit which bears us upward.  Painful as this is to the faint-hearted, it is as nothing to men of brave mind.  And let us consider it thus.  Cæsarius will not reign, but rather will he be reigned over by others.  He will strike terror into no one, but he will be free from fear of any harsh master, often himself unworthy even of a subject’s position.  He will not amass wealth, but neither will he be liable to envy, or be pained at lack of success, or be ever seeking to add to his gains as much again.  For such is the disease of wealth, which knows no limit to its desire of more, and continues to make drinking the medicine for thirst.  He will make no display of his power of speaking, yet for his speaking will he be admired.  He will not discourse upon the dicta of Hippocrates and Galen, and their adversaries, but neither will he be troubled by diseases, and suffer pain at the misfortunes of others.  He will not set forth the principles of Eucleides, Ptolemæus, and Heron, but neither will he be pained by the tumid vaunts of uncultured men.  He will make no display of the doctrines of Plato, and Aristotle, and Pyrrho, and the names of any Democritus, and Heracleitus, Anaxagoras, Cleanthes and Epicurus, and all the members of the venerable Porch and Academy:  but neither will he trouble himself with the solution of their cunning syllogisms.  What need of further details?  Yet here are some which all men honour or desire.  Nor wife nor child will he have beside him, but he will escape mourning for, or being mourned by them, or leaving them to others, or being left behind himself as a memorial of misfortune.  He will inherit no property:  but he will have such heirs41    Heirs, Cf. S. Basil Ep. 26 (32).  Cæsarius left all his property to the poor.  This passage shows that his own family welcomed and approved the bequest, which S. Gregory was at much pains to carry out, but was greatly embarrassed by the rapacity of his brother’s servants. as are of the greatest service, such as he himself wished, so that he departed hence a rich man, bearing with him all that was his.  What an ambition!  What a new consolation!  What magnanimity in his executors!  A proclamation has been heard, worthy of the ears of all, and a mother’s grief has been made void by a fair and holy promise, to give entirely to her son his wealth as a funeral offering on his behalf, leaving nothing to those who expected it.

Μὴ τοίνυν πενθῶμεν Καισάριον, οἵων ἀπηλλάγη κακῶν εἰδότες, ἀλλ' ἡμᾶς αὐτούς, οἵοις ὑπελείφθημεν, καὶ οἷα θησαυρίσομεν, εἰ μὴ γνησίως Θεῷ προσθέμενοι καὶ παραδραμόντες τὰ παρατρέχοντα πρὸς τὴν ἄνω ζωὴν ἐπειγοίμεθα, ἔτι ὑπὲρ γῆς ὄντες καταλιπόντες τὴν γῆν, καὶ τῷ πνεύματι φέροντι πρὸς τὰ ἄνω γνησίως ἀκολουθήσαντες. Ταῦτα καὶ ἀλγεινὰ τοῖς ὀλιγοψύχοις, καὶ κοῦφα τοῖς ἀνδρικοῖς τὴν διάνοιαν. Σκοπῶμεν δὲ οὕτως. Οὐκ ἄρξει Καισάριος: ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἀρχθήσεται πρὸς ἄλλων. Οὐ φοβήσει τινάς: ἀλλ' οὐδὲ δείσει βαρὺν δεσπότην, πολλάκις τὸν οὐδὲ ἄρχεσθαι ἄξιον. Οὐ συνάξει πλοῦτον: ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ὑπόψεται φθόνον, ἢ ψυχὴν ζημιωθήσεται κακῶς συνάγων, καὶ τοσοῦτον ἀεὶ προσλαμβάνειν ζητῶν ὅσον ἐκτήσατο. Τοιαύτη γὰρ ἡ τοῦ πλουτεῖν νόσος, ὅρον τοῦ δεῖσθαι πλείονος οὐκ ἔχουσα, ἀλλὰ τὸ ποτὸν ἀεὶ δίψους ἔτι ποιουμένη φάρμακον. Οὐκ ἐπιδείξεται λόγους: ἀλλ' ὑπὸ λόγων γε θαυμασθήσεται. Οὐ φιλοσοφήσει τὰ Ἱπποκράτους καὶ Γαληνοῦ, καὶ τῶν ἀντιθέτων ἐκείνοις: ἀλλ' οὐδὲ κακοπαθήσει νόσοις, ἰδίας ἐπ' ἀλλοτρίαις συμφοραῖς λύπας καρπούμενος. Οὐκ ἀποδείξει τὰ Εὐκλείδου καὶ Πτολεμαίου καὶ Ἥρωνος: ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἀλγήσει τοῖς ἀπαιδεύτοις φυσῶσι μείζονα. Οὐ καλλωπιεῖται τοῖς Πλάτωνος καὶ Ἀριστοτέλους καὶ Πύρρωνος καὶ Δημοκρίτοις δή τισι καὶ Ἡρακλείτοις καὶ Ἀναξαγόραις, Κλεάνθαις τε καὶ Ἐπικούροις, καὶ οὐκ οἶδ' οἷστισι τῶν ἐκ τῆς σεμνῆς Στοᾶς καὶ Ἀκαδημίας: ἀλλ' οὐδὲ φροντίσει ὅπως διαλύσῃ τούτων τὰς πιθανότητας.

Τί με δεῖ μνημονεύειν τῶν ἄλλων; Ἀλλὰ ταῦτα δὴ τὰ τίμια πᾶσι καὶ περισπούδαστα: οὐ παραστήσεται γαμετήν, οὐ παῖδας: ἀλλ' οὐδὲ θρηνήσει τούτους ἢ θρηνηθήσεται ὑπὸ τούτων, ἢ καταλιπὼν ἄλλοις ἢ καταλειφθεὶς συμφορᾶς ὑπόμνημα. Οὐ κληρονομήσει χρημάτων: ἀλλὰ κληρονομηθήσεται ὑφ' ὧν χρησιμώτατον καὶ ὧν αὐτὸς ἠθέλησεν, ἵνα πλούσιος ἐνθένδε μεταναστῇ, πάντα μεθ' ἑαυτοῦ φερόμενος. Ὢ τῆς φιλοτιμίας! ὢ τῆς καινῆς παρακλήσεως! ὢ τῆς μεγαλοψυχίας τῶν ἐπιβαλλομένων! Ἠκούσθη κήρυγμα πάσης ἀκοῆς ἄξιον, καὶ μητρὸς πάθος κενοῦται δι' ὑποσχέσεως καλῆς καὶ ὁσίας, δοῦναι τὰ πάντα τῷ παιδί, τὸν ἐκείνου πλοῦτον ὑπὲρ ἐκείνου δῶρον ἐντάφιον, καὶ μηδὲν ὑπολειφθῆναι τοῖς προσδοκήσασιν.