Chapter 13 [XI.]—The Sacrifice of the Body and Blood of Christ Will Not Avail for Unbaptized Persons, and Can Not Be Offered for the Majority of Those Who Die Unbaptized.

But even if it be conceded to this man (what cannot by any means be allowed with safety to the catholic faith and the rule of the Church), that the sacrifice of the body and blood of Christ may be offered for unbaptized persons of every age, as if they were to be helped by this kind of piety on the part of their friends to reaching the kingdom of heaven: what will he have to say to our objections respecting the thousands of infants who are born of impious parents and never fall, by any mercy of God or man, into the hands of pious friends, and who depart from that wretched life of theirs at their most tender age without the washing of regeneration? Let him tell us, if he only can, how it is that those souls deserved to be made sinful to such a degree as certainly never afterwards to be delivered from sin. For if I ask him why they deserve to be condemned if they are not baptized, he will rightly answer me: On account of original sin. If I then inquire whence they derived original sin, he will answer, From sinful flesh, of course. If I go on to ask why they deserved to be condemned to a sinful flesh, seeing they had done no evil before they came in the flesh, and to be so condemned to undergo the contagion of the sin of another, that neither baptism shall regenerate them, born as they are in sin, nor sacrifices expiate them in their pollution: let him find something to reply to this! For in such circumstances and of such parents have these infants been born, or are still being born, that it is not possible for them to be reached with such help. Here, at any rate, all argument is lacking. Our question is not, why souls have deserved to be condemned subsequently to their consorting with sinful flesh? But we ask, how it is that souls have deserved to be condemned to undergo at all this association with sinful flesh, seeing that they have no sin previous to this association. There is no room for him to say: “It was no detriment to them that they shared for a season the contagion of another’s sin, since in the prescience of God redemption had been provided for them.” For we are now speaking of those to whom no redemption brings help, since they depart from the body before they are baptized. Nor is there any propriety in his saying: “The souls which baptism does not cleanse, the many sacrifices which are offered up for them will cleanse. God foreknew this, and willed that they should for a little while be implicated in the sins of another without incurring eternal damnation, and with the hope of eternal happiness.” For we are now speaking of those whose birth among impious persons and of impious parents could by no possibility find such defences and helps. And even if these could be applied, they would, it is certain, be unable to benefit any who are unbaptized; just as the sacrifices which he has mentioned out of the book of the Maccabees could be of no use for the sinful dead for whom they were offered, inasmuch as they had not been circumcised.8    2 Macc. xii. 43.

CAPUT XI.

13. Sed etiamsi hoc isti concedatur, quod salva fide catholica et ecclesiastica regula, nulla ratione conceditur, ut pro non baptizatis cujuslibet aetatis hominibus offeratur sacrificium corporis et sanguinis Christi, tanquam per hujusmodi pietatem suorum ad regnum coelorum quo perveniant adjuventur, quid responsurus est de tot millibus infantum, qui nascuntur ex impiis, nec in manus piorum aliqua vel divina vel humana miseratione perveniunt, et de ista vita in illa tenerrima aetate, sine lavacro regenerationis abscedunt? Dicat, si potest, unde istae animae sic peccatrices fieri meruerunt, ut a peccato saltem nec postea liberentur. Si enim quaeram, quare damnari mereantur, si non baptizantur; recte mihi respondetur, propter originale peccatum. Item si quaeram, unde traxerint originale peccatum; iste respondebit, ex carne utique peccatrice. Si ergo quaeram, unde damnari meruerint in peccatricem carnem, quae nihil mali fecerant ante carnem; hic inveniat quid respondeat ; et sic damnari ad alienorum peccatorum subeunda contagia, ut nec Baptisma regeneret male generatos, nec sacrificia expient inquinatos. Ibi enim et de talibus hi parvuli nati sunt, sive adhuc usque nascuntur, ut eis nullo tali possit adjutorio subveniri. Hic certe omnis argumentatio deficit. Non enim quaerimus, unde animae damnari meruerint post 0482 carnis consortium peccatricis: sed quaerimus, unde animae damnari meruerint ad subeundum carnis consortium peccatricis, nullum peccatum habentes ante carnis consortium peccatricis. Non est ut dicatur, «Nihil eis obfuit alieni peccati paulisper communicata contagio, quibus in Dei praescientia fuerat parata redemptio.» De his enim nunc loquimur, quibus ante Baptismum de corpore exeuntibus redemptio nulla succurrit. Non est ut dicatur, «Eas quas Baptisma non abluit, sacrificia pro eis crebra mundabunt; quod praesciens Deus, paululum illas voluit alienis haerere peccatis, sine ullo exitio damnationis aeternae, et cum spe felicitatis aeternae.» De his enim nunc loquimur, quarum nativitas apud impios et ex impiis nulla talia potuerit invenire praesidia. Quae quidem si adhiberi possent, procul dubio non baptizatis prodesse non possent: sicut nec illa quae de libro Machabaeorum commemoravit sacrificia pro peccatoribus mortuis (II Machab. XII, 43), eis aliquid profuissent, si circumcisi non fuissent.