Chapter L.—Of the Occasion on Which He Fed the Multitudes with the Seven Loaves, and of the Question as to the Harmony Between Matthew and Mark in Their Accounts of that Miracle.

104. Matthew proceeds with his narrative in the following terms: “And when Jesus had departed from thence, He came nigh unto the sea of Galilee; and went up into a mountain, and sat down there. And great multitudes came unto Him, having with them those that were lame, blind, dumb, maimed, and many others, and cast them down at Jesus’ feet, and He healed them; insomuch that the multitudes wondered, when they saw the dumb to speak, the maimed to be whole, the lame to walk, and the blind to see: and they glorified the God of Israel. Then Jesus called His disciples unto Him, and said, I have compassion on the multitude, because they continue with me now three days, and have nothing to eat,” and so on, down to the words, “And they that did eat were four thousand men, besides women and children.”578    Matt. xv. 29–38. This other miracle of the seven loaves and the few little fishes is recorded also by Mark, and that too in almost the same order; the exception being that he inserts before it a narrative given by no other,—namely, that relating to the deaf man whose ears the Lord opened, when He spat and said, “Effeta,” that is, Be opened.579    Mark vii. 31-viii. 9.

105. In the case of this miracle of the seven loaves, it is certainly not a superfluous task to call attention to the fact that these two evangelists, Matthew and Mark, have thus introduced it into their narrative. For if one of them had recorded this miracle, who at the same time had taken no notice of the instance of the five loaves, he would have been judged to stand opposed to the rest. For in such circumstances, who would not have supposed that there was only the one miracle wrought in actual fact, and that an incomplete and unveracious version of it had been given by the writer referred to, or by the others, or by all of them together; so [that we must have imagined] either that the one evangelist, by a mistake on his own part, had been led to mention seven loaves instead of five; or that the other two, whether as having both presented an incorrect statement, or as having been misled through a slip of memory, had put the number five for the number seven. In like manner, it might have been supposed that there was a contradiction between the twelve baskets580    Cophinis. and the seven baskets,581    Sportis. and again, between the five thousand and the four thousand, expressing the numbers of those who were fed. But now, since those evangelists who have given us the account of the miracle of the seven loaves have also not failed to mention the other miracle of the five loaves, no difficulty can be felt by any one, and all can see that both works were really wrought. This, accordingly, we have instanced, in order that, if in any other passage we come upon some similar deed of the Lord’s, which, as told by one evangelist, seems so utterly contrary to the version of it given by another that no method of solving the difficulty can possibly be found, we may understand the explanation to be simply this, that both incidents really took place, and that they were recorded separately by the two several writers. This is precisely what we have already recommended to attention in the matter of the seating of the multitudes by hundreds and by fifties. For were it not for the circumstance that both these numbers are found noted by the one historian, we might have supposed that the different writers had made contradictory statements.582    See above, chap. xlvi.

CAPUT L. Cum de septem panibus pavit turbas, utrum inter se Matthaeus Marcusque conveniant.

104. Sequitur Matthaeus ita narrans: Et cum transisset inde Jesus, venit secus mare Galilaeae; et ascendens in montem, sedebat ibi. Et accesserunt ad eum turbae multae, habentes secum mutos, claudos, caecos, debiles, et alios multos; et projecerunt eos ad pedes ejus, et curavit eos: ita ut turbae mirarentur, videntes mutos loquentes, claudos ambulantes, caecos videntes; et magnificabant Deum Israel. Jesus autem convocatis discipulis suis dixit: Misereor turbae, quia triduo jam perseverant mecum, et non habent quod manducent, etc., usque ad illud ubi ait, Erant autem qui manducaverunt quatuor millia hominum, extra parvulos et mulieres (Matth. XV, 29-38). Hoc aliud miraculum de septem panibus et paucis pisciculis etiam Marcus commemorat eodem pene etiam ordine, nisi quia interponit quod nullus alius dicit, de surdo cui Dominus aures aperuit, spuens et dicens, Effeta, quod est, adaperire (Marc. VII, 31; VIII, 9).

105. Hoc sane non ab re fuerit admonere in hoc miraculo de septem panibus, quod duo evangelistae Matthaeus Marcusque posuerunt, quia si aliquis eorum id dixisset, qui de illis quinque panibus non dixisset, contrarius caeteris putaretur. Quis enim non existimaret unum idemque factum esse; non autem integre et veraciter, sive ab illo, sive ab aliis, sive ab omnibus fuisse narratum, sed aut illum pro quinque panibus septem dum falleretur commemorasse, aut illos pro septem quinque, aut utrosque mentitos, vel oblivione deceptos? Hoc et de duodecim cophinis, et de septem 1131 sportis opinaretur quasi contrarium: hoc de quinque millibus, et de quatuor millibus eorum qui pascerentur. Sed quia illi qui miraculum de septem panibus narraverunt, nec illud de quinque tacuerunt, neminem movet, et utrumque factum omnes intelligunt. Hoc ideo diximus, ut sicubi simile invenitur factum a Domino, quod in aliquo alteri Evangelistae ita repugnare videatur, ut omnino solvi non possit, nihil aliud intelligatur quam utrumque factum esse, et aliud ab alio commemoratum: sicut de centenis, et quinquagenis discumbentibus commendavimus; quia si non etiam illud utrumque apud unum inveniremus, contraria singulos dixisse putaremus .