LETTER XI. [A.D.381.]

THIS letter, which, like the previous one, is really addressed to Gratian, though in accordance with custom formally superscribed with the names of all the three Emperors, urges him to support Damasus as the orthodox and duly elected Bishop of Rome, and to condemn his rival Ursinus, whose interference with their Council, and intrigues with the Arian party they also inform him of.

TO THE MOST GRACIOUS EMPERORS AND CHRISTIAN PRINCES, THE MOST GLORIOUS AND MOST BLESSED, GRATIAN, VALENTINIAN, AND THEODOSIUS, THE COUNCIL WHICH IS ASSEMBLED AT AQUILEIA.

1. YOUR enactments have indeed already provided, most gracious Princes, that the perfidy of the Arians may not any further either be concealed or diffused: for we do not conceive that the decrees of the Council will be without effect; for as regards the West, two individuals only have been found to dare to oppose the Council with profane and impious words, men who had previously disturbed a mere corner of Dacia Ripensis  02-1 1. a Dacia Ripensis. The original Province of Dacia was beyond the Danube. It was conquered and included in the Empire by Trajan. In the time of Aurelian it was abandoned again, and the Danube re-established as the frontier. Then the Roman colonists were removed to the South of the Danube, into the central district of Moesia, which was then called Dacia Aureliani. This was afterwards divided into two Provinces, called Dacia Ripensis and Dacia Mediterranea, Ripensis being the northern part, extending along the bank of the Danube, whence the name. .

2. There is another subject which distresses us more, which, as we were assembled, it was our business to discuss duly, lest it should spread through the whole body of the Church diffused over the whole world, and so trouble all things. For though we were generally agreed that Ursinus  02-2 2. b "Damasus was made Pope on the death of Liberius A.D. 366. Ursinus, called by some Ursicinus, was, as Damasus had been, Deacon at Rome, and could not endure the exaltation of his former colleague who is suspected of having taken part with Felix, the successor to the power of Liberius, when exiled by the Arians. Ursinus was factiously consecrated by one Bishop, and a contest ensued in which even much blood was shed. Ursinus was banished, and being recalled the next year, was banished again after two months. In 371 he was allowed to leave his place of exile, and only excluded from Rome and the suburbicarian provinces. In 378 he held the factious meetings mentioned in the letter, and was exiled to Cologne. He continued to petition Gratian to restore him, and hence the request of the Bishops at Aquileia." Note in Newman's Fleury vol. 1 p. 38. could not have overreached your piety (though he allows nothing to be quiet, and amid the many urgencies of war would press upon you with his importunity) still lest your holy tranquillity of mind, which delights in having all persons in its care, should he swayed by the false adulation of that unreasonable person, we think it right, if you condescendingly allow it, to offer you our prayers and entreaties, not only to guard against what may be, but shuddering at past things also which have been brought about by his temerity. For if he found any vent for his audacity, where would he not spread confusion?

3. But if pity for a single person can sway you, much more let the prayer of all the Bishops move you. For which of us will be united to him in fellowship and communion when he has attempted to usurp a place not due to him, and one he could not lawfully have arrived at, and endeavours to regain in a manner most unreasonable what he was most unreasonable in aiming at? Often as he has been found guilty of turbulence, he still goes on, as if his past conduct should inspire no horror. He was often, as we ascertained and saw in the present Council, in union and combination with the Arians at the time when he endeavoured in company with Valens  02-3 3. c i.e. Julianus Valens, Bp. of Petavio, mentioned in the preceding letter. to disturb the Church of Milan with their detestable assembly: holding private meetings sometimes before the doors of the synagogue and sometimes in the houses of the Arians, and uniting his friends to them; and, as he could not go openly himself to their congregations, teaching and informing them in what way the Church's peace might be disturbed. Their madness gave him fresh courage, so as well to earn the favour of their supporters and allies.

4. When therefore it is written;  a man that is an heretic after  ^{02-4 4. 1 after the first and second admonition E.V.}  one admonition reject,  02-5 5. Titus iii. 10. and when another man who spoke by the Holy Spirit has said that beasts such as these should be spurned and not received with greeting or welcome,  02-6 6. 2 S. John 10. how is it possible that we should not judge the person whom we have seen united to their society to be also a maintainer of their perfidy? What even if he were not there? We might still have besought your Graces not to allow the Roman Church, the Head of the whole Roman world, and the sacred faith of the Apostles to be disturbed; for from thence flow all the rights of venerable Communion to all persons. And therefore we pray and beseech you that you would condescend to take from him the means of stealing advantage from you.

5. We know your Graces' holy modesty: let him not press upon you words unbecoming your ears, or give his noisy utterance to what is alien from the office and name of a Bishop, or say to you what is unseemly. When he ought to have  a good report even from those who are without,  02-7 7. 1 Tim. iii. 3-7. let your Graces condescend to recollect what was the testimony with which the men of his own city have followed him. For it is a shame to say and against modesty to repeat how disgraceful is the rumour, with the reproach of which he is wounded. The shame of this ought to have constrained him to silence, and if he partook in any degree of the feelings and conscience of a Bishop, he would prefer the Church's peace and concord to his own ambition and inclination. But, lost to all shame, he sends letters by Paschasius an excommunicated person, the standard bearer of his madness, and so sows confusion, and attempts to excite even Gentiles and abandoned characters.

6. We therefore entreat you to restore by the degradation of that most troublesome person the security which has been interrupted both to us Bishops and to the Roman people, which is at present in uncertainty and suspense since the memorial of the Prefect of the city. And on obtaining this let us in continuous and unbroken course offer thanksgivings to God the Almighty Father and to Christ our Lord God.

EPISTOLA XI.

 Imperatoribus, quid in synodo actum fuerit, significant; eosque monent, ne Ursinum sibi patiantur obrepere, ipsum turbarum auctorem, nec non infami crimine accusatum asservantes. Rogant denique ut Romani cleri, ac simul omnium incolumitati prospiciant. 

Imperatoribus clementissimis, et principibus christianis, gloriosissimis ac beatissimis GRATIANO, VALENTINIANO, et THEODOSIO Concilium quod convenit Aquileiae.

 0944C 

1. Provisum est quidem, clementissimi principes,  0945A vestrae tranquillitatis statutis, ne Arianorum perfidia possit ulterius vel latere, vel serpere; etenim effectum concilii decretis putamus minime defuturum: nam quantum ad partes spectat occidentis, duo tantum reperti sunt, qui auderent profanis et impiis vocibus obviare concilio, vix angulum Ripensis Daciae turbare consueti.

2. Aliud est quo magis angimur, de quo, quoniam convenimus, fuit rite tractandum; ne posset totum corpus Ecclesiae toto orbe diffusum, et universa turbare. Nam licet frequenter convenerimus Ursinum non potuisse obrepere pietati vestrae (quamvis quietum nihil esse patiatur, et inter tot bellicas necessitates obreptio importuna tentetur), tamen ne sancta mens vestra, animique tranquillitas,  0945B quae omnibus consulere gestit, importuni hominis simulata adulatione flectatur, deprecandos vos et obsecrandos, si dignanter ducitis, aestimamus, non solum praecaventes futura, sed etiam praeterita, quae jam ipsius temeritate gesta sunt, perhorrescentes. Nam si aliquam viam nactus fuerit audaciae, quid non ille confundat?

3. Sed si unius miseratio vos inflectere potest, multo magis vos precatio omnium moveat sacerdotum. Quis enim nostrum ei communionis societate jungetur, cum indebitum sibi gradum usurpare conatus sit, nec jure ad eum potuerit pervenire; et quem importune affectavit, importunissime 811 repetere moliatur? Turbarum toties damnatus, incedit adhuc quasi praeteritis non perhorrescendus  0945C exemplis. Qui plerumque (sicut in hoc concilio cognovimus, et vidimus) cum Arianis copulatus atque conjunctus erat eo tempore, quo turbare Mediolanensem Ecclesiam coetu detestabili moliebatur cum Valente: nunc ante Synagogae fores, nunc in Arianorum domibus miscens occulta concilia, et suos eis jungens; et quoniam ipse aperte in eorum congregationes  0946A prodire non poterat, instruens et informans quemadmodum pax Ecclesiae turbaretur: quorum furore respirabat, quod eorum posset fautores et socios emereri.

4. Cum igitur scriptum sit:  Haereticum post unam correptionem devita (Tit. III, 10); cum et alius vir sancto locutus Spiritu, dixerit declinandas hujusmodi bestias, nec salutatione recipiendas (II Joan. 10), neque congressu: quomodo fieri potest, ut eum quem societati eorum insertum vidimus, non etiam assertorem perfidiae judicemus? Quid etiam si deforet? tamen totius orbis Romani caput Romanam Ecclesiam, atque illam sacrosanctam Apostolorum fidem, ne turbari sineret, obsecranda fuit clementia vestra; inde enim in omnes venerandae communionis  0946B jura dimanant. Et ideo petimus et rogamus ut obrependi ei adimere dignemini facultatem.

5. Scimus clementiae vestrae sanctum pudorem; ne auditu vestro indigna ingerat, non aliena ab officio et nomine sacerdotis interstrepat, non inverecunda vobis loquatur: quem cum habere oportuerit testimonium etiam ab his qui foris sunt (I Tim. III, 7), quali testimonio et cives proprii prosecuti sunt, clementia vestra meminisse dignetur. Pudet enim dicere, inverecundum est recensere quam turpis fama ejus convicio sauciaverit. Quo saltem pudore constrictus conticescere debuisset; et si haberet aliquam conscientiam sacerdotis, pacem Ecclesiae, concordiamque ambitioni suae et studio praeoptaret. Verum longe alienus ab omni verecundia, per abscissum  0946C hominem Paschasium, signiferum furoris sui, missis litteris, serit turbas, gentiles 812 quosque ac perditos homines concitare conatur.

6. Oramus igitur, ut jam et populo Romano, qui post relationem praefecti Urbis pendet incertus, et nobis sacerdotibus securitatem interdictam importunissimi hominis abjectione tribuatis. Quo impetrato,  0947A apud Deum omnipotentem Patrem, et Christum et Dominum Deum gratias jugi continuatione celebremus.