Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho

Then Trypho said when I was silent, “That Scripture compels us to admit this, is manifest; but there is a matter about which we are deservedly at a loss —namely, about what was said to the effect that [the Lord] ate what was prepared and placed before him by Abraham; and you would admit this.”

I answered, “It is written that they ate; and if we believe201 Literally, “hear.” that it is said the three ate, and not the two alone—who were really angels, and are nourished in the heavens, as is evident to us, even though they are not nourished by food similar to that which mortals use—(for, concerning the sustenance of manna which supported your fathers in the desert, Scripture speaks thus, that they ate angels’ food): [if we believe that three ate], then I would say that the Scripture which affirms they ate bears the same meaning as when we would say about fire that it has devoured all things; yet it is not certainly understood that they ate, masticating with teeth and jaws. So that not even here should we be at a loss about anything, if we are acquainted even slightly with figurative modes of expression, and able to rise above them.”

And Trypho said, “It is possible that [the question] about the mode of eating may be thus explained: [the mode, that is to say,] in which it is written, they took and ate what had been prepared by Abraham: so that you may now proceed to explain to us how this God who appeared to Abraham, and is minister to God the Maker of all things, being born of the Virgin, became man, of like passions with all, as you said previously.”

Then I replied, “Permit me first, Trypho, to collect some other proofs on this head, so that you, by the large number of them, may be persuaded of [the truth of] it, and thereafter I shall explain what you ask.”

And he said, “Do as seems good to you; for I shall be thoroughly pleased.”

[57] Καὶ ὁ Τρύφων σιγήσαντός μου εἶπεν: Ὅτι μὲν ἡ γραφὴ τοῦτο ἀναγκάζει ὁμολογεῖν ἡμᾶς, φαίνεται, ὅτι δὲ ἀπορῆσαι ἄξιόν ἐστι περὶ τοῦ λεγομένου, ὅτι ἔφαγε τὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ κατασκευασθέντα καὶ παρατεθέντα, καὶ σὺ ἂν ὁμολογήσειας. Κἀγὼ ἀπεκρινάμην: Ὅτι μὲν βεβρώκασι, γέγραπται: εἰ δὲ τοὺς τρεῖς ἀκούσαιμεν λελέχθαι βεβρωκέναι, καὶ μὴ τοὺς δύο μόνους, οἵτινες ἄγγελοι τῷ ὄντι ἦσαν καὶ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς, δῆλόν ἐστιν ἡμῖν, τρεφόμενοι, κἂν μὴ ὁμοίαν τροφὴν ᾗπερ οἱ ἄνθρωποι χρώμεθα τρέφονται (περὶ γὰρ τῆς τροφῆς τοῦ μάννα, ἣν ἐτράφησαν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, ἡ γραφὴ οὕτω λέγει, ὅτι ἄρτον ἀγγέλων ἔφαγον), εἴποιμ' ἂν ὅτι ὁ λόγος, ὁ λέγων βεβρωκέναι, οὕτως ἂν λέγοι ὡς ἂν καὶ αὐτοὶ εἴποιμεν ἐπὶ πυρὸς ὅτι πάντα κατέφαγεν, ἀλλὰ μὴ πάντως τοῦτο ἐξακούειν ὅτι ὀδοῦσι καὶ γνάθοις μασώμενοι βεβρώκασιν. ὥστε οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα ἀπορήσαιμεν ἂν περὶ οὐδενός, εἰ τροπολογίας ἔμπειροι κἂν μικρὸν ὑπάρχωμεν. Καὶ ὁ Τρύφων: Δυνατὸν καὶ ταῦτα οὕτω θεραπευθῆναι περὶ τρόπου βρώσεως, παρ' ὃν ἀναλώσαντας τὰ παρασκευασθέντα ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ βεβρωκέναι γεγραμμένον ἐστίν. ὥστε ἔρχου ἤδη ἀποδώσων ἡμῖν τὸν λόγον, πῶς οὗτος ὁ τῷ Ἀβραὰμ ὀφθεὶς θεός, καὶ ὑπηρέτης ὢν τοῦ ποιητοῦ τῶν ὅλων θεοῦ, διὰ τῆς παρθένου γεννηθείς, ἄνθρωπος ὁμοιοπαθὴς πᾶσιν, ὡς προέφης, γέγονεν. Κἀγώ: Συγχώρει, ὦ Τρύφων, πρότερον, εἶπον, καὶ ἄλλας τινὰς ἀποδείξεις τῷ κεφαλαίῳ τούτῳ συναγαγεῖν διὰ πολλῶν, ἵνα καὶ ὑμεῖς πεπεισμένοι καὶ περὶ τούτου ἦτε, καὶ μετὰ τοῦτο ὃν ἀπαιτεῖς λόγον ἀποδώσω. Κἀκεῖνος: Ὡς σοὶ δοκεῖ, ἔφη, πρᾶττε: καὶ ἐμοὶ γὰρ πάνυ ποθητὸν πρᾶγμα πράξεις.