Chapter III.—That God and the Angels Rejoice More on the Return of One Sinner Than of Many Just Persons.

6. Good God, what passed in man to make him rejoice more at the salvation of a soul despaired of, and delivered from greater danger, than if there had always been hope of him, or the danger had been less? For so Thou also, O merciful Father, dost “joy over one sinner that repenteth, more than over ninety and nine just persons that need no repentance.” And with much joyfulness do we hear, whenever we hear, how the lost sheep is brought home again on the Shepherd’s shoulders, while the angels rejoice, and the drachma is restored to Thy treasury, the neighhours rejoicing with the woman who found it;505    Luke xv. 4–10. and the joy of the solemn service of Thy house constraineth to tears, when in Thy house it is read of Thy younger son that he “was dead, and is alive again, and was lost, and is found.”506    Luke xv. 32. For Thou rejoicest both in us and in Thy angels, holy through holy charity. For Thou art ever the same; for all things which abide neither the same nor for ever, Thou ever knowest after the same manner.

7. What, then, passes in the soul when it more delights at finding or having restored to it the thing it loves than if it had always possessed them? Yea, and other things bear witness hereunto; and all things are full of witnesses, crying out, “So it is.” The victorious commander triumpheth; yet he would not have conquered had he not fought, and the greater the peril of the battle, the more the rejoicing of the triumph. The storm tosses the voyagers, threatens shipwreck, and every one waxes pale at the approach of death; but sky and sea grow calm, and they rejoice much, as they feared much. A loved one is sick, and his pulse indicates danger; all who desire his safety are at once sick at heart: he recovers, though not able as yet to walk with his former strength, and there is such joy as was not before when he walked sound and strong. Yea, the very pleasures of human life—not those only which rush upon us unexpectedly, and against our wills, but those that are voluntary and designed—do men obtain by difficulties. There is no pleasure at all in eating and drinking unless the pains of hunger and thirst go before. And drunkards eat certain salt meats with the view of creating a troublesome heat, which the drink allaying causes pleasure. It is also the custom that the affianced bride should not immediately be given up, that the husband may not less esteem her whom, as betrothed, he longed not for.507    See ix. sec 19, note.

8. This law obtains in base and accursed joy; in that joy also which is permitted and lawful; in the sincerity of honest friendship; and in Him who was dead, and lived again, had been lost, and was found.508    Luke xv. 32. The greater joy is everywhere preceded by the greater pain. What meaneth this, O Lord my God, when Thou art, an everlasting joy unto Thine own self, and some things about Thee are ever rejoicing in Thee?509    See xii. sec. 12, and xiii. sec. 11, below. What meaneth this, that this portion of things thus ebbs and flows, alternately offended and reconciled? Is this the fashion of them, and is this all Thou hast allotted to them, whereas from the highest heaven to the lowest earth, from the beginning of the world to its end, from the angel to the worm, from the first movement unto the last, Thou settedst each in its right place, and appointedst each its proper seasons, everything good after its kind? Woe is me! How high art Thou in the highest, and how deep in the deepest! Thou withdrawest no whither, and scarcely do we return to Thee.

CAPUT III. Quod Deus et Angeli magis gaudent in peccatorum conversione.

6. Deus bone, quid agitur in homine, ut plus gaudeat de salute desperatae animae, et de majore periculo liberatae, quam si spes ei semper affuisset, aut periculum minus fuisset? Etenim tu quoque, misericors Pater, plus gaudes de uno poenitente, quam de nonaginta novem justis, quibus non est opus poenitentia. Et nos cum magna jucunditate audimus, cum audimus quam exsultantibus Angelis , pastoris humeris reportetur ovis quae erraverat; et drachma referatur in thesauros tuos, collaetantibus vicinis mulieri quae invenit: et lacrymas excutit gaudium solemnitatis domus tuae, cum legitur in domo tua de minore filio tuo, quoniam mortuus erat, et revixit; perierat, et inventus est (Luc. XV). Gaudes quippe in nobis, et in Angelis tuis sancta charitate sanctis. Nam tu semper 0752 idem, qui ea quae non semper nec eodem modo sunt, eodem modo semper nosti omnia.

7. Quid ergo agitur in anima, cum amplius delectatur inventis aut redditis rebus quas diligit, quam si eas semper habuisset? Contestantur enim et caetera, et plena sunt omnia testimoniis clamantibus: Ita est. Triumphat victor imperator, et non vicisset, nisi pugnavisset; et quanto majus periculum fuit in praelio, tanto est gaudium majus in triumpho. Jactat tempestas navigantes, minaturque naufragium; omnes futura morte pallescunt: tranquillatur coelum et mare, et exsultant nimis, quoniam timuerunt nimis. Aeger est charus, et vena ejus malum renuntiat; omnes qui eum salvum cupiunt, aegrotant simul animo: fit ei recte, et nondum ambulat pristinis viribus; et fit jam tale gaudium, quale non fuit cum antea salvus et fortis ambularet. Easque ipsas voluptates humanae vitae etiam non inopinatis et praeter voluntatem irruentibus, sed institutis et voluntariis molestiis homines acquirunt. Edendi et bibendi voluptas nulla est, nisi prae cedat esuriendi et sitiendi molestia. Et ebriosi quaedam salsiuscula comedunt, quo fiat molestus ardor, quem dum exstinguit potatio, fit delectatio. Et institutum est ut jam pactae sponsae non tradantur statim, ne vilem habeat maritus datam, quam non suspiraverit sponsus dilatam.

8. Hoc in turpi et exsecranda laetitia; hoc in ea quae concessa et licita est; hoc in ipsa sincerissima honestate amicitiae: hoc in eo qui mortuus erat, et revixit; perierat, et inventus est. Ubique majus gaudium molestia majori praeceditur. Quid est hoc, Domine Deus meus, cum tu aeternum tibi tu ipse sis gaudium, et quaedam de te circa te semper gaudeant? Quid est quod haec rerum pars alternat defectu et profectu, offensionibus et conciliationibus? Au is est modus earum, et tantum dedisti eis, cum a summis coelorum usque ad ima terrarum, ab initio usque in finem saeculorum, ab angelo usque ad vermiculum, a motu primo usque ad extremum, omnia genera bonorum, et omnia justa opera tua, suis quaeque sedibus locares, et suis quaeque temporibus ageres? Heu mihi, quam excelsus es in excelsis, et quam profundus in profundis! et nusquam recedis, et vix redimus ad te.