Tertullian, Ad Nationes

One proof of that ignorance of yours, which condemns2 Revincit. “Condemnat” is Tertullian’s word in The Apology, i. whilst it excuses3 Defendit. “Excusat” in Apol. your injustice, is at once apparent in the fact, that all who once shared in your ignorance and hatred (of the Christian religion), as soon as they have come to know it, leave off their hatred when they cease to be ignorant; nay more, they actually themselves become what they had hated, and take to hating what they had once been. Day after day, indeed, you groan over the increasing number of the Christians. Your constant cry is, that the state is beset (by us); that Christians are in your fields, in your camps, in your islands. You grieve over it as a calamity, that each sex, every age—in short, every rank—is passing over from you to us; yet you do not even after this set your minds upon reflecting whether there be not here some latent good. You do not allow yourselves in suspicions which may prove too true,4 Non licet rectius suspicari. nor do you like ventures which may be too near the mark.5 Non lubet propius experiri. This is the only instance in which human curiosity grows torpid. You love to be ignorant of what other men rejoice to have discovered; you would rather not know it, because you now cherish your hatred as if you were aware that, (with the knowledge,) your hatred would certainly come to an end. Still,6 At quin. if there shall be no just ground for hatred, it will surely be found to be the best course to cease from the past injustice. Should, however, a cause have really existed there will be no diminution of the hatred, which will indeed accumulate so much the more in the consciousness of its justice; unless it be, forsooth,7 Nisi si. that you are ashamed to cast off your faults,8 Emendari pudet. or sorry to free yourselves from blame.9 Excusari piget. I know very well with what answer you usually meet the argument from our rapid increase.10 Redundantiæ nostræ. That indeed must not, you say, be hastily accounted a good thing which converts a great number of persons, and gains them over to its side. I am aware how the mind is apt to take to evil courses. How many there are which forsake virtuous living! How many seek refuge in the opposite! Many, no doubt;11 Bona fide. nay, very many, as the last days approach.12 Pro extremitatibus temporum. But such a comparison as this fails in fairness of application; for all are agreed in thinking thus of the evil-doer, so that not even the guilty themselves, who take the wrong side, and turn away from the pursuit of good to perverse ways, are bold enough to defend evil as good.13 Or perhaps, “to maintain evil in preference to good.” Base things excite their fear, impious ones their shame. In short, they are eager for concealment, they shrink from publicity, they tremble when caught; when accused, they deny; even when tortured, they do not readily or invariably confess (their crime); at all events,14 Certe. they grieve when they are condemned. They reproach themselves for their past life; their change from innocence to an evil disposition they even attribute to fate. They cannot say that it is not a wrong thing, therefore they will not admit it to be their own act. As for the Christians, however, in what does their case resemble this? No one is ashamed; no one is sorry, except for his former (sins).15 Pristinorum. In the corresponding passage (Apol. i.) the phrase is, “nisi plane retro non fuisse,” i.e., “except that he was not a Christian long ago.” If he is pointed at (for his religion), he glories in it; if dragged to trial, he does not resist; if accused, he makes no defence. When questioned, he confesses; when condemned, he rejoices. What sort of evil is this, in which the nature of evil comes to a standstill?16 Cessat.

0559B 1. Testimonium ignorantiae vestrae, quae iniquitatem dum defendit, revincit, in promptu est, quod omnes, qui vobiscum retro ignorabant et vobiscum oderant, simul eis contigit scire, desinunt odisse qui desinunt ignorare, imo fiunt et ipsi quod oderant, et incipiunt odisse quod fuerant. Adeo quotidie adolescentem numerum Christianorum ingemitis. Obsessam vociferamini civitatem; in agris, in castellis, in insulis Christianos; omnem sexum, omnem aetatem, omnem denique dignitatem transgredi a vobis quasi detrimento doletis. Nec tamen hoc ipso ad aestimationem alicujus latentis boni animos promovetis; non licet rectius suspicari, non libet propius experiri; hic tantum curiositas 0559C humana torpescit. Amatis ignorare, quod alii gaudeant invenisse; mavultis nescire, quia jam odistis, quasi certe non odituros vos sciatis. Atquin, si nullum erit odii, reperietur optimum utique ab injustitia priore discedere; sin vero caussa constiterit, nihil odio detrahetur, quod adeo amplius justitiae scientia cumulabitur, nisi si emendari pudet aut excusari piget. Scio plane, qua responsione soletis redundantiae nostrae testimonium convenire: non utique eo bonum praejudicari, quia plerosque convertat et sibi rapiat, inquitis. Novi demutationem mentis et malas partes. Quot desertores bonae vitae? quot transfugae in perversum? Multi bona fide, imo jam plures pro extremitatibus temporum. Verum deficit adaequatio comparationis istius. Nam de malo ita constat 0559D apud omnes, ut ne ipsi quidem rei, qui ad malum transeunt et a vobis in perversa divertunt, defendere malum pro bono audeant. Turpia timori, pudori impia habent; denique gestiunt latere, devitant apparere, trepidant deprehensi, negant accusati; ne torti quidem facile aut semper confitentur, certe damnati moerent; exprobrant etenim quod erant in semetipsos: 0560B malae mentis ab innocentia transitum vel fato imputant; adeo nolunt suum esse, quia malum negare non possunt. Christiani vero quid tale consequuntur? Neminem pudet, neminem poenitet, nisi tantum pristinorum. Si denotatur, gloriatur: si trahitur, non subsistit. Si accusatur, non defendit; interrogatus, confitetur; damnatus, gloriatur. Quod hoc malum est, in quo mali natura cessat?