QUINTI SEPTIMII FLORENTIS TERTULLIANI AD NATIONES

 0559B 1. Testimonium ignorantiae vestrae, quae iniquitatem dum defendit, revincit, in promptu est, quod omnes, qui vobiscum retro ignorabant et vobisc

 2. In quo ipsi etiam contra formam indicandorum malorum judicatis. Nam nocentes quidem perductos, si admissum negent, tormentis urgetis ad confessione

 3. Vos igitur, alias diligentissimi ac pertinacissimi discussores scelerum longe minorum, cum talibus tam horrendis et omnem impietatem supergressis e

 4. Sed dicitis, sectam nomine puniri sui auctoris. Primo quidem, sectam de auctoris appellatione notari, utique probum usitatumque jus est, dum philos

 5. Quod ergo dicitis: pessimi et probrosissimi avaritia, luxuria, improbitate non negabimus quosdam sufficit et hoc ad testimonium nominis nostri: s

 6. His propositionibus responsionibusque nostris, quas veritas de suo suggerit, quotiens comprimitur et coarctatur consciencia vestra, tacitae ignoran

 7. Unde ergo, inquitis, tantum de vobis famae licuit, cujus testimonium suffecerit forsitan conditoribus legum? Quis, oro, sponsor aut illis tunc aut

 8. Si qua istic, apud vos saltem ratio est, edatis velim primum et secundum genus, ut ita de tertio constet. Psammetichus quidem putavit tibi se ingen

 9. Sed quid ego mirer vana vestra, cum ex forma naturali concorporata et concreta intercessit malitia et stultitia sub eodem mancipe erroris? Sane, qu

 10. Pudeat igitur deos ab homine defendi. Effundite jam omnia venena, omnia calumniae tela infligite huic nomini, non cessabo ultra repellere at post

 11. Nec tantum in hoc nomine rei desertae communis religionis, sed superductae monstruosae superstitionis. Nam, ut quidam, somniastis caput asinium es

 12. Crucis qualitas, signum est de ligno etiam de materia colitis penes vos cum effigie quanquam sicut vestrum humana figura est, ita et nostrum pro

 13. Alii plane humanius solem Christianum deum aestimant, quod innotuerit ad orientis partem facere nos precationem vel die solis laetitiam curare. Qu

 14. Nova jam de Deo nostro fama suggessit. Adeo nuper quidam perditissimus in ista civitate, etiam suae religionis desertor, solo detrimento cutis Jud

 15. Plures Onocoetae penes vos deprehenduntur. Si in deis aequalitate concurrimus, sequitur, ut sacrificii vel sacri quoque inter nos diversitas nulla

 16. Quanquam quid minus, imo quid non amplius facitis? parum scilicet humanis visceribus inhiatis, quia vivos et puberes devoratis? parum humanum sang

 17. De Obstinationibus vero vel praesumptionibus, si qua proponitis, ne istae quidem ad communionem comparationis absistunt . Prima obstinatio est, qu

 18. Imo qui deum Caesarem dicitis, et deridetis, dicendo quod non est, et male dicitis, quia non vult esse quod dicitis mavult enim vivere, quam deus

 19. Hucusque, opinor, horrenda obstinationum christianarum quae si vobiscum communicamus, superest deridenda personarum conferamus quamquam de persu

 [20.] Quoniam igitur usque, iniquissimae nationes, non agnoscitis, imo insuper exsecramini vestros, si nihil inter vos diversitas habet, si unum et ei

 LIBER SECUNDUS.

 0585D 1. Nunc de deis vestris, miserandae nationes, congredi vobiscum defensio nostra desiderat, provocans ipsam conscientiam vestram, ad censendum, a

 2. Sed physicorum auctoritas philosophorum ut mancipium sapientiae patrocinatur. Sane mera sapientia philosophorum , cujus infirmitatem prima haec con

 3. His ita expeditis , videmus physicum istud ad 0589C hoc subornatum, ut deos elementa contendat, cum his etiam alios deos natos alleget Dei enim no

 0590D 4. Aiunt quidam propterea deos fuisse appellatos, quod θέειν et σείεσθαι, procurrere ac motari interpretatio est. Sane vocabulum istud non est a

 5. Quin ergo ad humaniorem aliquanto . . . . imur opinionem, quae de communi omnium sensu et simplici cog. . . . deducta videatur ? Nam et Varro memin

 6. Age jam, conceditisne divinitatem non modo non serviliter currere, sed imprimis integre stare, neque minui neque intercipi neque corrumpi debere. C

 7. Caeterum cui res examinabitur, verisimilius utique dicet elementa ista ab aliquo regi, quam ultro . . . igitur non deos, quae sub aliquo. At si in

 8. Superest gentile illud genus inter populos deorum, quos libidine sumptos, non pro notitia veritatis, docet privata notitia. Deum ergo existimo ubiq

 0597B 9. Haec secundum tripertitam dispositionem . . . . divinitatis aut notiora aut insigniora digessimus, ut possit jam videri satis responsum de ph

 10. Ad foediora festino. Non puduit auctores vestros de Larentina palam facere . Scortum haec meritorium fuit, sive dum Romuli nutrix, et ideo lupa, q

 [11.] Non contenti eos deos asseverare, qui visi retro, auditi contrectatique sunt, quorum effigies descriptae, negotia digesta, memoria propagata, um

 12. Et quonam usque deos . . . quia disserendum, quales deos receperitis, quantum vobis erus . . . . Rideam vanitatem, an exprobrem caecitatem, est ad

 0603C 13. Satis de Saturno et Prosapia ejus . . . . um est, homines fuisse. Tenemus compendium, in caeteros originis praescriptionem, ne per singulos

 14. Sed quoniam alios seorsum volunt in divinitatem ab hominibus receptos, et distingui inter nativos et factos secundum Dionysium Stoicum, de ista qu

 15. Longum foret recensere etiam de illis quos in sidera sepelistis, et audaciter dei . . . tratis. Sic opinor digni de coelo Castores et Perseus et E

 16. Quaeso vos, cum dicitis invenisse illos, non confitemini prius fuisse quae invenirentur. Cur ergo non auctorem potius honoratis, cujus haec dona s

 0607A 17. Denique . . . . toribus suis non negatis omnibus his quos deos antiquitas voluit, posteritas c . . . . superstitionum . . . . l . . , praesu

 Fragment...

Chapter X.—A Disgraceful Feature of the Roman Mythology. It Honours Such Infamous Characters as Larentina.

I hasten to even more abominable cases. Your writers have not been ashamed to publish that of Larentina.  She was a hired prostitute, whether as the nurse of Romulus, and therefore called Lupa, because she was a prostitute, or as the mistress of Hercules, now deceased, that is to say, now deified. They487    Comp. The Apology, cc. xl. xli.  [And Augustine, Civ. Dei. iii.]    Compare Augustine, de Civ. Dei, vi. 7.  [Tom. vii. p. 184.] relate that his temple-warder488    By the “manceps erroris” he means the devil.    Æditum ejus. happened to be playing at dice in the temple alone; and in order to represent a partner for himself in the game, in the absence of an actual one, he began to play with one hand for Hercules and the other for himself. (The condition was,) that if he won the stakes from Hercules, he should with them procure a supper and a prostitute; if Hercules, however, proved the winner, I mean his other hand, then he should provide the same for Hercules. The hand of Hercules won. That achievement might well have been added to his twelve labours!  The temple-warden buys a supper for the hero, and hires Larentina to play the whore. The fire which dissolved the body of even a Hercules489    Libitina.    That is, when he mounted the pyre. enjoyed the supper, and the altar consumed everything. Larentina sleeps alone in the temple; and she a woman from the brothel, boasts that in her dreams she had submitted herself to the pleasure of Hercules;490    Christianorum meritum, which with “sit” may also, “Let the Christians have their due.” In The Apology the cry is, “Christianos ad leonem.”    Herculi functam. “Fungi alicui” means to satisfy, or yield to. and she might possibly have experienced this, as it passed through her mind, in her sleep. In the morning, on going out of the temple very early, she is solicited by a young man—“a third Hercules,” so to speak.491    We insert this after Oehler. Tertullian’s words are, “Quasi modicum habeant aut aliud metuere qui Deum verum.”    The well-known Greek saying, ῎Αλλος οὗτος ῾Ηρακλῆς. He invites her home. She complies, remembering that Hercules had told her that it would be for her advantage.  He then, to be sure, obtains permission that they should be united in lawful wedlock (for none was allowed to have intercourse with the concubine of a god without being punished for it); the husband makes her his heir. By and by, just before her death, she bequeathed to the Roman people the rather large estate which she had obtained through Hercules. After this she sought deification for her daughters too, whom indeed the divine Larentina ought to have appointed her heirs also. The gods of the Romans received an accession in her dignity. For she alone of all the wives of Hercules was dear to him, because she alone was rich; and she was even far more fortunate than Ceres, who contributed to the pleasure of the (king of the) dead.492    See above, c. vii.    Pluto; Proserpine, the daughter of Ceres, is meant. Oehler once preferred to read, “Hebe, quæ mortuo placuit,” i.e., “than Hebe, who gratified Hercules after death.” After so many examples and eminent names among you, who might not have been declared divine? Who, in fact, ever raised a question as to his divinity against Antinous?493    Sæculum digessit.    Tertullian often refers indignantly to this atrocious case. Was even Ganymede more grateful and dear than he to (the supreme god) who loved him?  According to you, heaven is open to the dead. You prepare494    Aliter vobis renuntiata.    Subigitis. a way from Hades to the stars.  Prostitutes mount it in all directions, so that you must not suppose that you are conferring a great distinction upon your kings.

10. Ad foediora festino. Non puduit auctores vestros de Larentina palam facere . Scortum haec meritorium fuit, sive dum Romuli nutrix, et ideo lupa, quia scortum; sive dum Herculis amica est, et jam mortui Herculis, id est, jam dei. Nam ferunt, aedituum ejus solum forte in aede calculis ludentem ut sibi collusorem, quem non habebat, repraesentaret, una manu Herculis nomine, alia ex sua persona lusum inisse, si ipse vicisset, coenulam et scortulum ex stipitibus Herculis sumeret; si vero Hercules, id est manus 0599D altera, eadem Herculi exhiberet. Vicit manus Herculis (quoque potuit duodecim titulis ejus adscribi). 0600A Aeditus coenam Herculi dependit, scortum Larentinam conducit: coenat ignis, qui Sol, et ipsius Herculis co . . . . . . . nia ara consumpsit. Larentina in aede sola dormit . . . . . . de lenonio ludo jactitat se somniis Herculi functam, et potuit, dum animo contemplatur, somnio pati. Eam de aede progredientem mane primo quidam adolescens, tertius quod aiunt Hercules concupiscit, ad se . . . . . . . . . . . . . . s . . . . . . . . . . . . . id dictum sibi ab Hercule, utique . . . . . . . . . . . . . ceantur. Non enim impune licui . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dem quoque scribit; mox illa prop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . per Herculem fuerat insecuta, agrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . divinitatem et filiabus suis, quas ut ipsas h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dium a Larentiniana Romanorum numina digni . . . . . . . . . . . sola de tot uxoribus Herculi cara, sola enim dives . . . . . . . . . . or Cerere quae mortuo placuit. Tot exemplis et vo . . . . . . . . . . . . quis non 0600B deus affirmari potuit? Quis denique Antinoo controversiam divinitatis agitavit, quod decorior Ganymedes aut carior suo amatori . . . . ? Apud vos mortuis coelum, viam ab inferis ab astra subigitur. Pass . . . . . . . . . . ta ascendunt. Ne multum putetis vos praestare regibus vestris.