QUINTI SEPTIMII FLORENTIS TERTULLIANI AD NATIONES

 0559B 1. Testimonium ignorantiae vestrae, quae iniquitatem dum defendit, revincit, in promptu est, quod omnes, qui vobiscum retro ignorabant et vobisc

 2. In quo ipsi etiam contra formam indicandorum malorum judicatis. Nam nocentes quidem perductos, si admissum negent, tormentis urgetis ad confessione

 3. Vos igitur, alias diligentissimi ac pertinacissimi discussores scelerum longe minorum, cum talibus tam horrendis et omnem impietatem supergressis e

 4. Sed dicitis, sectam nomine puniri sui auctoris. Primo quidem, sectam de auctoris appellatione notari, utique probum usitatumque jus est, dum philos

 5. Quod ergo dicitis: pessimi et probrosissimi avaritia, luxuria, improbitate non negabimus quosdam sufficit et hoc ad testimonium nominis nostri: s

 6. His propositionibus responsionibusque nostris, quas veritas de suo suggerit, quotiens comprimitur et coarctatur consciencia vestra, tacitae ignoran

 7. Unde ergo, inquitis, tantum de vobis famae licuit, cujus testimonium suffecerit forsitan conditoribus legum? Quis, oro, sponsor aut illis tunc aut

 8. Si qua istic, apud vos saltem ratio est, edatis velim primum et secundum genus, ut ita de tertio constet. Psammetichus quidem putavit tibi se ingen

 9. Sed quid ego mirer vana vestra, cum ex forma naturali concorporata et concreta intercessit malitia et stultitia sub eodem mancipe erroris? Sane, qu

 10. Pudeat igitur deos ab homine defendi. Effundite jam omnia venena, omnia calumniae tela infligite huic nomini, non cessabo ultra repellere at post

 11. Nec tantum in hoc nomine rei desertae communis religionis, sed superductae monstruosae superstitionis. Nam, ut quidam, somniastis caput asinium es

 12. Crucis qualitas, signum est de ligno etiam de materia colitis penes vos cum effigie quanquam sicut vestrum humana figura est, ita et nostrum pro

 13. Alii plane humanius solem Christianum deum aestimant, quod innotuerit ad orientis partem facere nos precationem vel die solis laetitiam curare. Qu

 14. Nova jam de Deo nostro fama suggessit. Adeo nuper quidam perditissimus in ista civitate, etiam suae religionis desertor, solo detrimento cutis Jud

 15. Plures Onocoetae penes vos deprehenduntur. Si in deis aequalitate concurrimus, sequitur, ut sacrificii vel sacri quoque inter nos diversitas nulla

 16. Quanquam quid minus, imo quid non amplius facitis? parum scilicet humanis visceribus inhiatis, quia vivos et puberes devoratis? parum humanum sang

 17. De Obstinationibus vero vel praesumptionibus, si qua proponitis, ne istae quidem ad communionem comparationis absistunt . Prima obstinatio est, qu

 18. Imo qui deum Caesarem dicitis, et deridetis, dicendo quod non est, et male dicitis, quia non vult esse quod dicitis mavult enim vivere, quam deus

 19. Hucusque, opinor, horrenda obstinationum christianarum quae si vobiscum communicamus, superest deridenda personarum conferamus quamquam de persu

 [20.] Quoniam igitur usque, iniquissimae nationes, non agnoscitis, imo insuper exsecramini vestros, si nihil inter vos diversitas habet, si unum et ei

 LIBER SECUNDUS.

 0585D 1. Nunc de deis vestris, miserandae nationes, congredi vobiscum defensio nostra desiderat, provocans ipsam conscientiam vestram, ad censendum, a

 2. Sed physicorum auctoritas philosophorum ut mancipium sapientiae patrocinatur. Sane mera sapientia philosophorum , cujus infirmitatem prima haec con

 3. His ita expeditis , videmus physicum istud ad 0589C hoc subornatum, ut deos elementa contendat, cum his etiam alios deos natos alleget Dei enim no

 0590D 4. Aiunt quidam propterea deos fuisse appellatos, quod θέειν et σείεσθαι, procurrere ac motari interpretatio est. Sane vocabulum istud non est a

 5. Quin ergo ad humaniorem aliquanto . . . . imur opinionem, quae de communi omnium sensu et simplici cog. . . . deducta videatur ? Nam et Varro memin

 6. Age jam, conceditisne divinitatem non modo non serviliter currere, sed imprimis integre stare, neque minui neque intercipi neque corrumpi debere. C

 7. Caeterum cui res examinabitur, verisimilius utique dicet elementa ista ab aliquo regi, quam ultro . . . igitur non deos, quae sub aliquo. At si in

 8. Superest gentile illud genus inter populos deorum, quos libidine sumptos, non pro notitia veritatis, docet privata notitia. Deum ergo existimo ubiq

 0597B 9. Haec secundum tripertitam dispositionem . . . . divinitatis aut notiora aut insigniora digessimus, ut possit jam videri satis responsum de ph

 10. Ad foediora festino. Non puduit auctores vestros de Larentina palam facere . Scortum haec meritorium fuit, sive dum Romuli nutrix, et ideo lupa, q

 [11.] Non contenti eos deos asseverare, qui visi retro, auditi contrectatique sunt, quorum effigies descriptae, negotia digesta, memoria propagata, um

 12. Et quonam usque deos . . . quia disserendum, quales deos receperitis, quantum vobis erus . . . . Rideam vanitatem, an exprobrem caecitatem, est ad

 0603C 13. Satis de Saturno et Prosapia ejus . . . . um est, homines fuisse. Tenemus compendium, in caeteros originis praescriptionem, ne per singulos

 14. Sed quoniam alios seorsum volunt in divinitatem ab hominibus receptos, et distingui inter nativos et factos secundum Dionysium Stoicum, de ista qu

 15. Longum foret recensere etiam de illis quos in sidera sepelistis, et audaciter dei . . . tratis. Sic opinor digni de coelo Castores et Perseus et E

 16. Quaeso vos, cum dicitis invenisse illos, non confitemini prius fuisse quae invenirentur. Cur ergo non auctorem potius honoratis, cujus haec dona s

 0607A 17. Denique . . . . toribus suis non negatis omnibus his quos deos antiquitas voluit, posteritas c . . . . superstitionum . . . . l . . , praesu

 Fragment...

Chapter XX.—Truth and Reality Pertain to Christians Alone. The Heathen Counselled to Examine and Embrace It.

How long therefore, O most unjust heathen, will you refuse to acknowledge us, and (what is more) to execrate your own (worthies), since between us no distinction has place, because we are one and the same? Since you do not (of course) hate what you yourselves are, give us rather your right hands in fellowship, unite your salutations,301    Compingite oscula. mingle your embraces, sanguinary with the sanguinary, incestuous with the incestuous, conspirators with conspirators, obstinate and vain with those of the selfsame qualities. In company with each other, we have been traitors to the majesty of the gods; and together do we provoke their indignation. You too have your “third race;”302    Eunuchs (Rigalt.). not indeed third in the way of religious rite,303    As the Christians were held to be; coming after (1) the heathen, (2) the Jews. See above, c. viii., and Scorpiace, c. x. but a third race in sex, and, made up as it is of male and female in one, it is more fitted to men and women (for offices of lust).304    Eunuchs (Rigalt.). Well, then, do we offend you by the very fact of our approximation and agreement?  Being on a par is apt to furnish unconsciously the materials for rivalry. Thus “a potter envies a potter, and a smith a smith.”305    An oft-quoted proverb in ancient writers. It occurs in Hesiod (Opp. et Dies) 25. But we must now discontinue this imaginary confession.306    Literally, “cease henceforth, O, simulated confession.” Our conscience has returned to the truth, and to the consistency of truth. For all those points which you allege307    Omnia ista. (against us) will be really found in ourselves alone; and we alone can rebut them, against whom they are adduced, by getting you to listen308    This seems to be the force of the “agnitione,” which Oehler renders “auditione.” to the other side of the question, whence that full knowledge is learnt which both inspires counsel and directs the judgment.  Now it is in fact your own maxim, that no one should determine a cause without hearing both sides of it; and it is only in our own case that you neglect (the equitable principle). You indulge to the full309    Satisfacitis. that fault of human nature, that those things which you do not disallow in yourselves you condemn in others, or you boldly charge310    Jactetis. against others those things the guilt of which311    Quorum reatum. you retain a lasting consciousness of312    Memineritis. in yourselves. The course of life in which you will choose to occupy yourselves is different from ours: whilst chaste in the eyes of others, you are unchaste towards your own selves; whilst vigorous against vice out of doors, you succumb to it at home. This is the injustice (which we have to suffer), that, knowing truth, we are condemned by those who know it not; free from guilt, we are judged by those who are implicated in it. Remove the mote, or rather the beam, out of your own eye, that you may be able to extract the mote from the eyes of others. Amend your own lives first, that you may be able to punish the Christians. Only so far as you shall have effected your own reformation, will you refuse to inflict punishment on them—nay, so far will you have become Christians yourselves; and as you shall have become Christians, so far will you have compassed your own amendment of life. Learn what that is which you accuse in us, and you will accuse no longer; search out what that is which you do not accuse in yourselves, and you will become self-accusers. From these very few and humble remarks, so far as we have been able to open out the subject to you, you will plainly get some insight into (your own) error, and some discovery of our truth. Condemn that truth if you have the heart,313    Si potestis. but only after you have examined it; and approve the error still, if you are so minded,314    Si putatis. only first explore it. But if your prescribed rule is to love error and hate truth, why, (let me ask,) do you not probe to a full discovery the objects both of your love and your hatred?

[20.] Quoniam igitur usque, iniquissimae nationes, non agnoscitis, imo insuper exsecramini vestros, si nihil inter vos diversitas habet, si unum et eidem sumus; quia non odistis quod estis: date dextras potius, compingite 0585C oscula, miscete complexus, cruenti cum cruentis, incesti cum incestis, conjurati cum conjuratis, obstinati et vani cum aequalibus. Pariter deorum numina 0586A laesimus, pariter indignationem eorum provocamus. Habetis et vos tertium genus, etsi non de tertio ritu, attamen de tertio sexu . Illud aptius de viro et foemina, viris et foeminis junctum. Aut numquid ipso vos collegio offendimus? Solet aequalitas aemulationis materiam subministrare. Sic figulus figulo, faber fabro invidet. Imo jam de fine simulata confessio redigit conscientiam ad veritatem et ad constantiam veritatis, (nam omnia ista in nobis solis erunt, et a nobis solis revincuntur, quibus illata sunt;) agnitione scilicet diversae partis, unde scientia instructa et consilium inspirat et judicium gubernat. Vestra denique sententia est, ne caussam quis judicet , nisi duobus auditis. Quod in nobis solis negligitis, naturae vitio satisfacitis, ut quae in nobis non refutetis, 0586B in aliis . . . . tis, aut quorum reatum in vobis memineritis, ea in alios jactetis . . . . opere occupatiores eritis, in extraneos casti, in vosmetipsos incesti, exsertiores foris, subjecti domi. Haec est iniquitas, ut gnari ab ignaris, absoluti a reis judicemur. Auferte stipulam de oculo vestro, aut trabem de oculo vestro, ut stipulam de alieno extrahatis . Emendate vosmetipsos prius, ut christianos puniatis; nisi quod emendaveritis, non punietis, imo eritis christiani, imo si fueritis christiani, eritis emendati. Discite quod in nobis accusetis, et non accusabitis. Recognoscite quid in vobis non accusetis, et accusabitis. Patet etiam hinc vobis, quantum aperire potuerimus (e paucis istis libellulis), erroris inspectio et veritatis recognitio. Damnate veritatem, sed inspectam si potestis, 0586C et probate errorem, sed repertum si putatis. Quodsi praescribitur vobis errorem amare et odisse veritatem; cur quod amatis et odistis, non noveritis?