5. Hence, in fine, began the primal hatreds of the new brotherhood, hence the abominable fratricides, in that the unrighteous Cain is jealous of the righteous Abel, in that the wicked persecutes the good with envy and jealousy. So far prevailed the rage of envy to the consummation of that deed of wickedness, that neither the love of his brother, nor the immensity of the crime, nor the fear of God, nor the penalty of the sin, was considered.8    [Chrysostom, ut. supra.] He was unrighteously stricken who had been the first to show righteousness; he endured hatred who had not known how to hate; he was impiously slain, who, dying, did not resist. And that Esau was hostile to his brother Jacob, arose from jealousy also. For because the latter had received his father’s blessing, the former was inflamed to a persecuting hatred by the brands of jealousy. And that Joseph was sold by his brethren, the reason of their selling him proceeded from envy. When in simplicity, and as a brother to brethren, he set forth to them the prosperity which had been shown to him in visions, their malevolent disposition broke forth into envy. Moreover, that Saul the king hated David, so as to seek by often repeated persecutions to kill him—innocent, merciful, gentle, patient in meekness—what else was the provocation save the spur of jealousy? Because, when Goliath was slain, and by the aid and condescension of God so great an enemy was routed, the wondering people burst forth with the suffrage of acclamation into praises of David, Saul through jealousy conceived the rage of enmity and persecution. And, not to go to the length of numbering each one, let us observe the destruction of a people that perished once for all.9    Variously “semel” or “simul.” Did not the Jews perish for this reason, that they chose rather to envy Christ10    [Matt. xxvi. 18.] than to believe Him? Disparaging those great works which He did, they were deceived by blinding jealousy, and could not open the eyes of their heart to the knowledge of divine things.

0641B V. Hinc denique novae fraternitatis prima odia, hinc parricidia nefanda coeperunt (Gen. IV), dum Abel justum Cain zelat injustus, dum bonum malus invidia et livore persequitur. Tantum valuit ad consummationem facinoris aemulationis furor, ut nec charitas fratris, nec sceleris immanitas, nec timor Dei, nec poena delicti cogitaretur. Injuste oppressus est qui justitiam primus ostenderat, odia perpessus est qui odisse non noverat, occisus est impie qui moriens non repugnabat. Et quod Esau fratri suo Jacob inimicus exstitit, zelus fuit (Gen. XXVII). Nam, quia ille benedictionem patris acceperat, hic in odium persecutionis facibus livoris exarsit. Et quod Joseph fratres sui vendiderunt, causa vendendi de aemulatione descendit (Gen. XXXVII). Postquam id quod 0641C sibi in visionibus prosperum fuerat ostensum, simpliciter ut fratribus frater exposuit, in invidiam malivolus animus erupit. Saul quoque rex ut David odisset, ut persecutionibus saepe repetitis innocentem, misericordem, mitem, lenitate patientem necare cuperet, quid aliud quam zeli stimulus provocavit (I Reg. XVIII)? Quia, Goliath interfecto, et ope ac 0642A dignatione divina tanto hoste deleto , populus admirans in laudes David praedicationis suffragio prosiliit (III Reg. XVII), Saul simultatis atque insectationis furias de livore concepit. Et ne longum faciam singulos recensendo , pereuntis semel populi attendamus interitum. Judaei nonne inde perferunt dum Christo malunt invidere quam credere? Obtrectantes magnalibus quae ille faciebat, zelo excaecante decepti sunt, nec ad divina noscenda cordis oculos aperire potuerunt.