Chap. XIII.—Of Repentance, of Mercy, and the Forgiveness of Sins.

As often, therefore, as you are asked for aid, believe that you are tried by God, that it may be seen whether you are worthy of being heard. Examine your own conscience, and, as far as you are able, heal your wounds. Nor, however, because offences are removed by bounty, think that a licence is given you for sinning. For they are done away with, if you are bountiful to God because you have sinned; for if you sin through reliance on your bounty, they are not done away with. For God especially desires that men shall be cleansed from their sins, and therefore He commands them to repent. But to repent is nothing else than to profess and to affirm that one will sin no more. Therefore they are pardoned who unawares and incautiously glide into sin; he who sins wilfully has no pardon. Nor, however, if any one shall have been purified from all stain of sin, let him think that he may abstain from the work of bounty because he has no faults to blot out. Nay, in truth, he is then more bound to exercise justice when he is become just, so that that which he had before done for the healing of his wounds he may afterwards do for the praise and glory of virtue. To this is added, that no one can be without fault as long as he is burthened with a covering of flesh, the infirmity of which is subject to the dominion of sin in a threefold manner—in deeds, in words, and thoughts.  

By these steps justice advances to the greatest height. The first step of virtue is to abstain from evil works; the second, to abstain also from evil words; the third, to abstain even from the thoughts of evil things. He who ascends the first step is sufficiently just; he who ascends the second is now of perfect virtue, since he offends neither in deeds nor in conversation;1170    [Jas. iii. 2.]   he who ascends the third appears truly to have attained the likeness of God. For it is almost beyond the measure of man not even to admit to the thought1171    In cogitationem. Others read “cogitatione.”   that which is either bad in action or improper in speech. Therefore even just men, who can refrain from every unjust work, are sometimes, however, overcome by frailty itself, so that they either speak evil in anger, or, at the sight of delightful things, they desire them with silent thought. But if the condition of mortality does not suffer a man to be pure from every stain, the faults of the flesh ought therefore to be done away with by continual bounty. For it is the single work of a man who is wise, and just, and worthy of life, to lay out his riches on justice alone; for assuredly he who is without this, although he should surpass Crœsus or Crassus in riches, is to be esteemed as poor, as naked, as a beggar. Therefore we must use our efforts that we may be clothed with the garment of justice and piety, of which no one may deprive us, which may furnish us with an everlasting ornament. For if the worshippers of gods adore senseless images, and bestow upon them whatever they have which is precious, though they can neither make use of them nor give thanks because they have received them, how much more just and true is it to reverence the living images of God, that you may gain the favour of the living God! For as these make use of what they have received, and give thanks, so God, in whose sight you shall have done that which is good, will both approve of it and reward your piety.  

CAPUT XIII. De poenitentia, de misericordia, ac peccatorum venia.

0684B Quoties igitur rogaris, tentari te a Deo crede, an sis dignus audiri. Circumspice conscientiam tuam et, quantum potes, medere vulneribus. Nec tamen quia peccata largitione tolluntur, dari tibi licentiam peccandi putes. Abolentur enim, si Deo largiare, quia peccaveris; nam si fiducia largiendi pecces, non abolentur. Deus enim purgari homines a peccatis maxime cupit, ideoque agi poenitentiam jubet. Agere autem poenitentiam, nihil aliud est, quam profiteri et affirmare, se ulterius non peccaturum. Ignoscitur 0685A itaque iis qui ad peccatum 0685A imprudenter incauteque labuntur: veniam non habet, qui sciens peccat. Nec tamen si aliquis fuerit purificatus ab omni labe peccati, temperandum sibi ab opere largitionis existimet, quia non habeat peccata, quae deleat. Imo vero tum magis justitiam debet operari, cum factus est justus, ut quod ante in medelam vulnerum fecerat, postmodum faciat in laudem gloriamque virtutis. Eo accedit, quod nemo esse sine delicto potest, quandiu indumento carnis oneratus est. Cujus infirmitas triplici modo subjacet dominio peccati, factis, dictis, cogitationibus.

Per hos gradus ad summum culmen justitia procedit. Primus est virtutis gradus malis operibus abstinere; secundus, etiam malis verbis; tertius, etiam 0685B cogitatione rerum malarum. Qui primum gradum ascendit, satis justus est; qui secundum, jam perfectae virtutis: siquidem neque factis, neque sermone delinquat: qui tertium, is vero similitudinem Dei assecutus videtur. Est enim pene supra humanum modum, ne in cogitationem quidem admittere, quod sit vel factu malum, vel improbum dictu. Itaque etiam justi homines, qui fraenare se possunt ab omni opere injusto, nonnunquam tamen ipsa fragilitate vincuntur, ut vel in ira malum dicant, vel in aspectu 0686A rerum delectabilium tacita cogitatione concupiscant. Quod si mortalis conditio non patitur esse hominem ab omni macula purum, debent ergo largitione perpetua peccata carnis aboleri. Unum est enim sapientis, et justi, et vitalis viri opus, divitias suas in sola justitia collocare: qua profecto qui eget, licet ille Craesum, aut Crassum divitiis superet, hic pauper, hic nudus, hic mendicus putandus est. Danda igitur opera, ut indumento justitiae pietatisque velemur, quo nos exuat nemo, quod nobis sempiternum praebeat ornatum. Nam si deorum cultores simulacra insensibilia excolunt, et quidquid pretiosi habent, in ea conferunt, quibus nec uti possunt, nec gratias agere, quod acceperint: quanto justius est, et verius, viventia Dei simulacra excolere, ut promereare 0686B viventem? Quae sicut usui habent quidquid acceperint, et gratias agunt: ita Deus, in cujus conspectu bonum feceris, et probabit, et mercedem pietatis exsolvet.