Chap. XLIII.—Of the Name of Jesus Christ, and His Twofold Nativity.

But lest by any chance there should be any doubt in your mind why we call Him Jesus Christ, who was born of God before the world, and who was born of man three hundred years ago, I will briefly explain to you the reason. The same person is the son of God and of man. For He was twice born: first of God, in the spirit, before the origin of the world; afterwards in the flesh of man, in the reign of Augustus; and in connection with this fact is an illustrious and great mystery, in which is contained both the salvation of men and the religion of the Supreme God, and all truth. For when first the accursed and impious worship of gods crept in through the treachery of the demons, then the religion of God remained with the Hebrews alone, who, not by any law, but after the manner of their fathers, observed the worship handed down to them by successive generations,1498    Per successiones.   even until the time when they went forth out of Egypt under the leadership of Moses, the first of all the prophets, through whom the law was given to them from God; and they were afterwards called Jews. Therefore they served God, being bound by the chains of the law. But they also, by degrees going astray to profane rites, undertook the worship of strange gods, and, leaving the worship of their father, sacrificed to senseless images. Therefore God sent to them prophets filled with the Divine Spirit, to upbraid them with their sins and proclaim repentance, to threaten them with the vengeance which would follow, and announce that it would come to pass, if they persisted in the same faults, that He would send another as the bearer of a new law; and having removed the ungrateful people from their inheritance, He would assemble to Himself a more faithful people from foreign nations. But they not only persisted in their course, but even slew the messengers themselves. Therefore He condemned them on account of these deeds: nor did He any longer send messengers to a stubborn people; but He sent His own Son, to call all nations to the favour of God. Nor, however, did He shut them out, impious and ungrateful as they were, from the hope of salvation: but He sent Him to them before all others,1499    Potissimum.   that if they should by chance obey, they might not lose that which they had received; but if they should refuse to receive their God, then, the heirs being removed,1500    Hæredibus abdicatis.   the Gentiles would come into possession. Therefore the supreme Father ordered Him to descend to the earth, and to put on a human body, that, being subject to the sufferings of the flesh, He might teach virtue and patience not only by words, but also by deeds. Therefore He was born a second time as man, of a virgin, without a father, that, as in His first spiritual birth, being born of God alone, He was made a sacred spirit, so in His second and fleshly birth, being born of a mother only, He might become holy flesh, that through Him the flesh, which had become subject to sin, might be freed from destruction.  

CAPUT XLIII. (Div. Inst. lib. I, c. 8; IV, c. 10 et 11.) De Jesu Christi nomine, et duplici nativitate.

Sed ne qua forte sit apud te haesitatio, cur eum, qui ante mundum ex Deo natus sit, Jesum Christum appellemus, qui ante annos CCC. natus ex homine 1050A est, rationem tibi breviter exponam. Idem est Dei et hominis filius. Bis enim natus est. Primum de Deo in spiritu ante ortum mundi, postmodum in carne ex homine, Augusto imperante; cujus rei praeclarum et grande mysterium est, in quo et salus hominum, et religio summi Dei, et omnis veritas continetur. Nam cum primum scelerati atque impii deorum cultus per insidias daemonum irrepserunt, tum penes solos Hebraeos religio Dei mansit, qui tamen non lege aliqua, sed traditum sibi per successionem cultum patrio more tenuerunt usque ad id tempus, quo de Aegypto exierunt, Moyse duce, primo omnium prophetarum, per quem illis lex est a Deo imposita, qui Judaei sunt postmodum nominati. Servierunt igitur Deo vinculis legis obstricti. Sed iidem, paulatim ad profanos ritus 1050B aberrantes, alienos deos susceperunt, et derelicto patrio cultu, insensilibus simulacris immolaverunt. Propterea Deus prophetas ad eos misit divino Spiritu adimpletos, qui illis peccata exprobrarent, et poenitentiam indicerent, qui secuturam ultionem minarentur, ac denuntiarent futurum, si in iisdem delictis perseverassent, ut alium mitteret novae legis latorem, et ingrato populo ab haereditate summoto, aliam sibi plebem fideliorem de exteris gentibus congregaret. Illi autem non modo perseverarunt, verum etiam eos ipsos, qui mittebantur, interfecerunt. Itaque damnavit eos ob haec facinora, nec adjecit ulterius prophetas mittere ad populum contumacem; sed Filium suum misit, ut gentes universas ad gratiam Dei convocaret. Nec illos tamen, licet impios et ingratos, ab spe salutis 1050C exclusit: sed ad ipsos potissimum misit, ut si forte paruissent, non amitterent quod acceperant; si autem Deum suum non suscepissent, tum haeredibus abdicatis, gentes in adoptionem venirent. Jussit igitur eum summus Pater descendere in terram et humanum corpus induere, ut subjectus passionibus carnis, virtutem ac patientiam non solum verbis, sed etiam factis doceret. Renatus est ergo ex virgine sine patre tanquam homo; ut quemadmodum in prima nativitate spirituali creatus ex solo Deo sanctus Spiritus factus est, sic in secunda carnali ex sola matre 1051A genitus, caro sancta fieret, ut per eum caro quae subjecta peccato fuerat ab interitu liberaretur.