Chapter XVI.—Marcion Assumes the Existence of Two Gods from the Antithesis Between Things Visible and Things Invisible. This Antithetical Principle in Fact Characteristic of the Works of the Creator, the One God—Maker of All Things Visible and Invisible.

Since, then, that other world does not appear, nor its god either, the only resource left200    Consequens est ut. to them is to divide things into the two classes of visible and invisible, with two gods for their authors, and so to claim201    Defendant. the invisible for their own, (the supreme) God.  But who, except an heretical spirit, could ever bring his mind to believe that the invisible part of creation belongs to him who had previously displayed no visible thing, rather than to Him who, by His operation on the visible world, produced a belief in the invisible also, since it is far more reasonable to give one’s assent after some samples (of a work) than after none? We shall see to what author even (your favourite) apostle attributes202    Col. i. 16. the invisible creation, when we come to examine him. At present (we withhold his testimony), for203    Nunc enim. The elliptical νῦν γάρ of Greek argumentation. we are for the most part engaged in preparing the way, by means of common sense and fair arguments, for a belief in the future support of the Scriptures also. We affirm, then, that this diversity of things visible and invisible must on this ground be attributed to the Creator, even because the whole of His work consists of diversities—of things corporeal and incorporeal; of animate and inanimate; of vocal and mute of moveable and stationary; of productive and sterile; of arid and moist; of hot and cold. Man, too, is himself similarly tempered with diversity, both in his body and in his sensation. Some of his members are strong, others weak; some comely, others uncomely; some twofold, others unique; some like, others unlike. In like manner there is diversity also in his sensation: now joy, then anxiety; now love, then hatred; now anger, then calmness. Since this is the case, inasmuch as the whole of this creation of ours has been fashioned204    Modulata. with a reciprocal rivalry amongst its several parts, the invisible ones are due to the visible, and not to be ascribed to any other author than Him to whom their counterparts are imputed, marking as they do diversity in the Creator Himself, who orders what He forbade, and forbids what He ordered; who also strikes and heals. Why do they take Him to be uniform in one class of things alone, as the Creator of visible things, and only them; whereas He ought to be believed to have created both the visible and the invisible, in just the same way as life and death, or as evil things and peace?205    “I make peace, and create evil,” Isa. xlv. 7. And verily, if the invisible creatures are greater than the visible, which are in their own sphere great, so also is it fitting that the greater should be His to whom the great belong; because neither the great, nor indeed the greater, can be suitable property for one who seems to possess not even the smallest things.

CAPUT XVI.

Non comparente igitur mundo alio, sicut nec Deo ejus, consequens est ut duas species rerum, visibilia et invisibilia, duobus auctoribus deis dividant, et ista suo Deo invisibilia defendant. Quis autem poterit inducere in animum, nisi spiritus haereticus, ejus 0264B esse invisibilia qui nihil visibile praemiserit, quam ejus qui visibilia operatus, invisibilium quoque fidem fecerit, cum justius multo sit aliquibus exemplariis annuere, quam nullis? Videbimus et Apostolus (Col., I, 16) cui auctori invisibilia deputet, cum et illum exploraverimus. Nunc enim communibus plurimum sensibus et argumentationibus justis, secuturae Scripturarum quoque advocationi fidem sternimus, confirmantes diversitatem hanc visibilium et invisibilium adeo Creatori deputandam, sicuti tota operatio ejus ex diversitatibus constat; ex corporalibus et incorporalibus, et animalibus et inanimalibus, ex vocalibus et mutis, ex mobilibus et stativis, ex genitalibus et sterilibus, ex aridis et succidis , ex calidis et frigidis. Sic et hominem ipsum 0264C diversitas temperavit, tam in corpore, quam in sensu. Alia membra fortia, alia infirma: alia honesta, alia inhonesta: alia gemina, alia unica: alia comparia, alia disparia. Proinde et in sensu nunc laetitia, nunc anxietas; nunc amor, nunc odium; nunc ira, nunc lenitas. Quod si ita est, ut aemula inter se conditionis universitas ista modulata sit, jam igitur et visibilibus invisibilia debentur, non alteri auctori deputanda, quam cui et aemula eorum, ipsum Creatorem diversum notantia , jubentem quae prohibuit, et prohibentem, quae jussit percutientem et sanantem. Cur in hac sola specie uniformem eum capiunt, 0265A visibilium solummodo et vitam et mortem, et mala et pacem (Eccli., XI, 14; Is., XLV, 7)? Et utique, si illa invisibilia majora sunt visibilibus creaturis suo loco magnis, sic quoque congruit ejus esse majora cujus et magna; quia nec magna, nedum majora, ei competant cujus nec modica comparent.