Section L.

[1] 3387    Luke xxiii. 4.And Pilate said unto the chief priests and the multitude, I have not found [2] against this man anything.  3388    Luke xxiii. 5.But they cried out and said, He hath disquieted3389    Or, led astray (cf. § 25, 17, note). our people with his teaching in all Judæa, and he began3390    cf. Syriac versions. from Galilee and unto this [3] place.  3391    Luke xxiii. 6.And Pilate, when he heard the name of Galilee, asked, Is this man a Galilæan?  [4] 3392    Luke xxiii. 7.And when he learned that he was under the jurisdiction of Herod, he sent him to Herod:  for he was in Jerusalem in those days.

[5] 3393    Luke xxiii. 8.And Herod, when he saw Jesus, rejoiced exceedingly:  for he had desired to see him for a long time, because he had heard regarding him many things; and he counted on3394    Same word as in § 10, 16 (see note there). [6] [Arabic, p. 189] seeing some sign from him.  3395    Luke xxiii. 9.And he questioned him with many words; but [7] Jesus answered him not a word.  3396    Luke xxiii. 10.And the scribes and chief priests were [8] standing by, and they accused him vehemently.  3397    Luke xxiii. 11.And Herod scoffed at him, he and his servants; and when he had scoffed at him, he clothed him in robes of scarlet, [9] and sent him to Pilate.  3398    Luke xxiii. 12.And on that day Pilate and Herod became friends, there having been3399    Lit. and there was. enmity between them before that.

[10, 11] 3400    Luke xxiii. 13.And Pilate called the chief priests and the rulers of the people, 3401    Luke xxiii. 14.and said unto them, Ye brought unto me this man, as the perverter of your people:  and I have tried him before you, and have not found in this man any cause3402    The Arabic word may also, like the Syriac, mean thing, but hardly, as that does here, fault or crime.  The Vat. ms., pointing differently, reads thing.  The same confusion occurs at § 40, 35 (cf. a converse case in § 25, 40). of all that ye [12] seek3403    So Ciasca’s text, following the Borg. ms.  The Vat. ms. has plotted, which is nearer the Syriac accuse. against him:  3404    Luke xxiii. 15.nor yet Herod:  for I sent him unto him; and he hath done [13] nothing for which he should deserve death.  3405    Luke xxiii. 16.So now I will chastise him, and let [14, 15] him go.  3406    Luke xxiii. 18a.The multitude all cried out and said, Take him from us, take him.  3407    Mark xv. 3a.And [16] the chief priests and the elders accused him of many things.  3408    Matt. xxvii. 12.And during their [17] accusation he answered not a word.  3409    Matt. xxvii. 13.Then Pilate said unto him, Hearest thou not [18] how many things they witness against thee?  3410    Matt. xxvii. 14.And he answered him not, not even one word:  and Pilate marvelled at that.

[19] 3411    Matt. xxvii. 19.And when the judge sat on his tribune, his wife sent unto him, and said unto him, See that thou have nothing to do with that righteous man:  for I have suffered much in my dream3412    See § 3, 12, note. to-day because of him.

[20] 3413    Matt. xxvii. 15.And at every feast the custom of the judge was to release to the people one [21] prisoner, him whom they would.  3414    Matt. xxvii. 16.And there was in their prison a well-known prisoner, [22, 23] called Barabbas.  3415    Matt. xxvii. 17a.And when they assembled, Pilate said unto them, 3416    John xviii. 39.Ye have a custom, that I should release unto you a prisoner at the passover:  will ye that I [24] release unto you the King of the Jews?  3417    John xviii. 40.And they all cried out and said, Release not [Arabic, p. 190] unto us this man, but release unto us Barabbas.  And this Barabbas was a [25] robber, 3418    Luke xxiii. 19.who for sedition3419    Ciasca’s text, following the Vat. ms., has disorder.  Borg. ms. has division (cf. heresies, Curetonian of § 50, 37), which by addition of a diacritical point gives sedition; cf. § 50, 37 (Ciasca, following Vat. ms.), and Peshitta (both places). and murder, which was in the city, was cast into the [26] prison.  3420    Mark xv. 8.And all the people cried out and began to ask him to do as the custom was [27] that he should do with them.  3421    Mark xv. 9a; Matt. xxvii. 17b.And Pilate answered and said unto them, Whom will ye that I release unto you?  Barabbas, or Jesus which is called the Messiah, the [28] King of the Jews?  3422    Matt. xxvii. 18.For Pilate knew that envy had moved them to deliver him up. [29] 3423    Matt. xxvii. 20.And the chief priests and the elders asked the multitudes to deliver Barabbas, and [30] to destroy Jesus.  3424    Matt. xxvii. 21.The judge answered and said unto them, Whom of the two will [31] ye that I release unto you?  They said, Barabbas.  3425    Matt. xxvii. 22a.Pilate said unto them, And [32] Jesus which is called the Messiah, what shall I do with him?  3426    Mark xv. 13.They all cried out [33] and said, Crucify him.  3427    Luke xxiii. 20.And Pilate spake to them again, for he desired to release [34] Jesus; 3428    Luke xxiii. 21.but they cried out and said, Crucify him, crucify him, and release unto us [35] Barabbas.  3429    Luke xxiii. 22.And Pilate said unto them a third time, What evil hath this man done?  I have not found in him any cause3430    Our translator has retained the Syriac word, which in this context means fault (see § 50, 11, note). to necessitate death:  I will chastise him and [36] let him go.  3431    Luke xxiii. 23.But they increased in importunity3432    The word used in Vat ms. means a repeated charge or attack.  That in Borg. ms. is probably used in the post-classical sense of importuning him.  Either word might be written by a copyist for the other.  The same double reading probably occurs again at § 53, 55. with a loud voice, and asked him to crucify him.  And their voice, and the voice of the chief priests, prevailed.  [37] 3433    Mark xv. 15a; Luke xxiii. 25a.Then Pilate released unto them that one who was cast into prison for sedition and murder, Barabbas, whom they asked for:  3434    Matt. xxvii. 26b.and he scourged Jesus with whips.3435    cf. Syriac versions.

[38] 3436    Matt. xxvii. 27.Then the footsoldiers of the judge took Jesus, and went into the prætorium, and [39] [Arabic, p. 191] gathered unto him all of the footsoldiers.  3437    Matt. xxvii. 28.And they stripped him, and put on [40] him a scarlet cloak.  3438    John xix. 2.And they clothed him in garments of purple, and plaited [41] a crown of thorns, and placed it on his head, and a reed in his right hand; 3439    Matt. xxvii. 29b.and while they mocked at him and laughed, they fell down on their knees before him, and bowed [42] down to3440    This may be a mere clerical error (very natural in Arabic) for scoffed at, the reading of the Syriac versions.  This being so, it is worthy of remark that the reading is apparently common to the two mss.  The Syriac words are, however, also somewhat similar.  The Jerusalem Lectionary has a word agreeing with the text above. him, and said, Hail,3441    Lit. Peace. King of the Jews!  3442    Matt. xxvii. 30.And they spat in his face, and took the reed from his hand, and struck him on his head, 3443    John xix. 3b.and smote his cheeks.  [43] 3444    John xix. 4.And Pilate went forth without again, and said unto the Jews, I bring him forth to [44] you, that ye may know that I do not find, in examining3445    This reading may be a corruption of a very literal rendering of the Peshitta. him, even one crime.3446    cf. § 50, 11.  3447    John xix. 5.And Jesus went forth without, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple garments.  [45] 3448    John xix. 6.Pilate said unto them, Behold, the man!  And when the chief priests and the soldiers3449    cf. § 11, 11, note. saw him, they cried out and said, Crucify him, crucify him.  Pilate said unto them, Take him yourselves, and crucify him:  for I find not a cause3450    See § 50, 35, note. against [46] him.  3451    John xix. 7.The Jews said unto him, We have a law, and according to our law he deserves [47] death, because he made himself the Son of God.  3452    John xix. 8.And when Pilate heard this word, [48] his fear increased; 3453    John xix. 9.and he entered again into the porch, and said to Jesus, Whence [49] art thou?  3454    John xix. 10.But Jesus answered him not a word.  Pilate said unto him, Speakest3455    Borg. ms., Why speakest; a reading that might be a corruption of the Peshitta. thou not unto me? knowest thou not that I have authority to release thee, and have [50] authority to crucify thee?  3456    John xix. 11.Jesus said unto him, Thou hast not any3457    Lit. even one (Pesh.). authority over me, if thou wert not given it from above:  therefore the sin of him that delivered [51] me up unto thee is greater than thy sin.  3458    John xix. 12.And for this word Pilate wished to release him:  but the Jews cried out, If thou let him go, thou art not a friend of Cæsar:  for every one that maketh himself a king is against Cæsar.

Caput L.

Luc. XXIII, 4. Ait autem Pilatus ad principes Sacerdotum et turbas: Ego nihil invenio adversus hominem istum.

5. Clamaverunt autem et dixerunt: Commovet doctrina sua populum nostrum in

universa Iudaea, incipiens a Galilaea usque huc.

6. Pilatus autem, cum audisset nomen Galilaeae, interrogavit: Num homo iste galilaeus est ?

7. Et ut cognovit, quod sub Herodis potestate esset, misit eum ad Herodem, quia Ierosolymis erat illis diebus.

8. Herodes autem, viso Iesu, gavisus est valde; volebat enim ex multo tempore videre eum, eo quod audierat multa de gestis eius, et existimabat signum aliquod videre ab eo.

9. Et interrogavit eum multis verbis. Iesus autem nihil illi respondit.

10. Stabant autem Scribae et principes Sacerdotum vehementi reprehensione accusantes eum.

11. Sprevit autem illum Herodes cum ministris suis, et postquam illusisset ei, induit eum veste coccinea, et misit ad Pilatum.

12. Et facti sunt amici Pilatus et Herodes in illa die; antea enim inimicitia erat inter ipsos.

13. Pilatus autem, vocatis principibus Sacerdotum et magistratibus populi,

14. dixit ad illos: Obtulistis mihi hunc hominem, quasi avertentem populum vestrum, et ego coram vobis interrogavi eum, et nullam causam inveni in homine isto ex omnibus, in quibus eum accusatis.

15. Neque et Herodes: nam misi eum ad illum, et nihil dignum morte egit in eum.

16. Emendatum ergo illum dimittam.

18a. Exclamavit universa turba, dicens: Tolle eum a nobis, tolle eum.

Marc. XV, 3. Et accusabant eum summi sacerdotes et seniores in multis.

Matth. XXVII, 12. Et cum accusaretur ab eis, non respondit ipse verbum.

13. Tunc ait illi Pilatus: Non audis, quanta adversum te dicunt testimonia?

14. Et neque uno verbo respondit ei, propterea miratus est Pilatus.

19. Sedente autem praeside pro tribunali, misit ad eum uxor eius, dicens ei: Cave: ne laedas iustum illum! multa enim passa sum hodie in somnio propter eum.

15. In omni autem festo consueverat praeses populo dimittere unum vinctum, quem voluissent;

16. et erat in eorum carcere vinctum insignem, qui dicebatur Barabbas.

17a. Congregatis ergo iliis, dixit eis Pilatus :

Ioan. XVIII, 39. Est consuetudo vobis, ut vinctum dimittam vobis in pascha*, vultis, ut dimittam vobis regem Iudaeorum ?

40. Clamaverunt autem omnes, et dixerunt: Ne dimittas nobis hunc, sed dimitte nobis Barabbam. Hic autem Barabbas erat latro,

Luc. XXIII, 19. qui propter seditionem et caedem factam in civitate, missus erat in carcerem.

Marc. XV, 8. Et clamavit omnis populus, et coepit rogare, ut faceret eis sicut consuetudo ferebat.

9a. Pilatus autem respondens, dixit eis:

Matth. XXVII, 17b. Quem vultis dimittam vobis, Barabbam, an Iesum, qui dicitur Messias, rex Iudaeorum?

18. Sciebat enim Pilatus, quod invidia moverat eos, ut illum traderent.

20. Principes autem Sacerdotum et seniores rogaverunt turbas, ut peterent liberationem Barabbae, et Iesum perderent.

21. Respondit praeses, et ait illis: Quem vultis de duobus, ut vobis dimittam? Dixerunt: Barabbam.

22. Dixit illis Pilatus: Quid igitur faciam de Iesu, qui dicitur Messias?

Marc. XV, 13. Clamaverunt omnes, dicentes: Crucifige eum.

Luc. XXIII, 20. Iterum autem Pilatus locutus est ad eos, quia volebat dimittere Iesum.

21. At illi clamaverunt, dicentes: Crucifige, crucifige eum, et dimitte nobis Barabbam.

22. Pilatus autem tertio dixit ad illos: Quodnam malum fecit iste? nullam causam morte dignam invenio in eo : corripiam illum, et dimittam.

23. At illi magis instabant voce magna postulantes, ut crucifigeret eum; et invalescebat vox eorum, et vox principum Sacerdotum.

Marc. XV, 15a. Tunc Pilatus,

Luc. XXIII, 25a. dimisit illis Barabbam, qui propter seditionem et caedem missus fuerat in carcerem, quem petebant:

Matth. XXVII, 26b. Iesum autem verberavit flagellis.

27. Tunc milites praesidis, accipientes Iesum, introduxerunt in praetorium, et congregaverunt ad eum universam cohortem ,

28. et exuentes eum, chlamyde coccinea induerunt illum,

Ioan. XIX, 2. et veste purpurea circumdederunt eum, ac plectentes coronam de «pinis, imposuerunt capiti eius,

Matth. XXVII, 29b. et arundinem in dextera eius. Et illudentes ei ac deridentes, genu flexo ante illum, adorabant, dicentes: Ave, rex Iudaeorum!

30. Et expuentes in faciem eius, accipiebant arundinem de manu eius, et percutiebant caput eius,

Ioan. XIX, 3c. et dabant ei alapas.

4. Exivit autem iterum Pilatus foras, et dixit Iudaeis: Ego educo vobis eum foras, ut cognoscatis, quia nullam invenio pro eius damnatione causam.

5. Exivit ergo Iesus foras, portans coronam spineam et purpureum vestimentum. Dixit eis Pilatus: Ecce homo.

6. Cum autem vidissent eum principes Sacerdotum et ministri, clamaverunt dicentes : Crucifige, crucifige eum. Dixit eis Pilatus: Accipite eum vos, et crucifigite: ego enim non invenio in eo causam.

7. Dixerunt ei Iudaei: Nos legem habemus, et secundum legem nostram dignus est morte, quia Filium Dei se fecit.

8. Cum autem audisset Pilatus hunc sermonem, magis timuit.

9. Et ingressus est atrium iterum, et dixit ad Iesum: Unde es tu ? Iesus autem non respondit ei verbum.

10. Dixit ei Pilatus: Mihi non loqueris? nescis, quia potestatem habeo dimittere te, et potestatem habeo crucifigere te ?

11. Ait illi Iesus: Non haberes potestatem adversum me ullam, nisi tibi datum esset desuper. Propterea, qui me tradidit tibi, maius peccato tuo peccatum habet.

12. Propter autem hoc verbum volebat Pilatus dimittere eum; Iudaei vero clamabant: Si eum dimittis, non es amicus Caesaris: omnis enim, qui se regem facit, contradicit Caesari.