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of God, not by place, but by the remoteness of His nature, and great is the distance between creature and Creator. Let the heretics be ashamed hearing these things. What then did He choose? that we should be holy and blameless before Him. Therefore, lest, when you hear that He has chosen, you should think that faith alone is sufficient, he also adds [the matter of] life. For this He chose, he says, and for this purpose, that we might be holy and blameless. He once chose the Jews also. How? This nation, he says, He chose from the nations. But if men, when they choose, choose the best things, much more so does God. And to have been chosen is a proof both of the love of God for man and of their own virtue; for surely He chose them as approved; He Himself made us holy, but we must remain holy. He is holy who partakes of faith; he is blameless who pursues an irreproachable life. But He does not seek holiness and irreproachableness simply, but that we appear as such before Him. For there are some who are holy and blameless, but are so considered by men, resembling whitewashed tombs, as are those who wear sheep’s clothing. But He does not seek such, but such as the Prophet speaks of: And according to the cleanness of my hands. What kind? He seeks the holiness that is before His eyes, which the eye of God sees. He has spoken of their good works, and again he returns to grace, and says: In love, having predestined us. For this comes not from labors nor from good works, but from love; yet not from love alone, but also from our virtue. For if it were from love alone, all ought to be saved; but if again from our virtue alone, His coming and all that was dispensed would be superfluous. But it is not from love alone, nor from our virtue, but from both. For He chose us, he says. And he who chooses knows what he chooses. In love, he says, having predestined us. For virtue would have saved no one, if love were not present. For tell me, what would Paul have profited, or what would he have shown, if He had not called him from above, and having loved him, drawn him to Himself? But otherwise, even to deem us worthy of so great things, was of love, not of our virtue. For to become virtuous and to believe and to draw near, this was indeed from Him who called, yet it was also our own; but to have deemed us, having drawn near, worthy of so great honors, as to lead us straightway 62.13 from enmity to adoption as sons, is truly of surpassing love. In love, he says, having predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ to Himself. Do you see how there is nothing without Christ? how nothing without the Father? The one predestined, the other brought near. And he sets these things forth, extolling what has been done, just as he says elsewhere: Not only so, but we also rejoice through our Lord Jesus Christ. For great are the things that have been given, but they become much greater by being given through Christ; because He did not send one of the servants to the servants, but the Only-Begotten Himself. According to the good pleasure, he says, of His will. That is, because He strongly willed it. This is His desire, as one might say; for everywhere "good pleasure" is the primary will. For there is also another will; for example, a first will, that sinners should not perish; a second will, that those who have become evil should perish. For He does not punish them by necessity, but by will. Such a thing can also be seen in Paul, as for instance when he says: I wish that all men were as I myself am; and again, I wish younger women to marry, to bear children. Therefore, by "good pleasure" he means the first will, the strong will, the will with desire, the firm resolve; for I will not shrink from using a more common word for the sake of clarity for the simpler folk; for so we too, signifying the intensity of our will, say, "According to our firm resolve." What he says, then, is this: He greatly desires, He greatly longs for our salvation. For what reason then does He love us so, and from whence does He hold us so dear? From goodness alone; for grace is of goodness. For this reason, he says, He predestined us for adoption as sons, willing, and greatly desiring this, that the glory of His grace might be shown. According to the good pleasure of His will,

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Θεοῦ, οὐ τῷ τόπῳ, ἀλλὰ τῷ ἀνακεχωρηκότι τῆς φύσεως, καὶ πολὺ τὸ μέσον κτίσματος καὶ κτίστου. Αἰσχυνέσθωσαν οἱ αἱρετικοὶ ταῦτα ἀκούοντες. Τί δὲ ἐξελέξατο; Ὥστε εἶναι ἡμᾶς ἁγίους καὶ ἀμώμους κατενώπιον αὐτοῦ. Ἵνα τοίνυν μὴ, ἀκούσας, ὅτι Ἐξελέξατο, τὴν πίστιν ἀρκεῖν νομίσῃς μόνον, καὶ τὸν βίον προστίθησι· ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἐξελέξατο, φησὶ, καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ, ἵνα ἅγιοι ὦμεν καὶ ἄμωμοι. Ἐξελέξατο καὶ Ἰουδαίους ποτέ. Πῶς; Ἔθνος τοῦτο, φησὶν, ἐξελέξατο ἐκ τῶν ἐθνῶν. Εἰ δὲ ἄνθρωποι ἐκλεγόμενοι, τὰ κάλλιστα ἐκλέγονται, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ὁ Θεός. Καὶ τὸ ἐκλεγῆναι δὲ, καὶ τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίας τεκμήριον καὶ τῆς αὐτῶν ἀρετῆς· πάντως γὰρ αὐτοὺς δοκίμους ἐξελέξατο· ἐποίησεν ἡμᾶς αὐτὸς ἁγίους, ἀλλὰ δεῖ μεῖναι ἁγίους. Ἅγιός ἐστιν ὁ τῆς πίστεως μετέχων· ἄμωμος, ὁ ἀνεπίληπτον βίον μετιών. Ἀλλ' ἁγιότητα καὶ τὸ ἀνεπίληπτον οὐχ ἁπλῶς ἐπιζητεῖ, ἀλλὰ τὸ ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ τοιούτους φαίνεσθαι. Εἰσὶ γὰρ ἅγιοι καὶ ἄμωμοι, ἀλλ' ἀνθρώποις οὕτω νομιζόμενοι, οἱ τάφοις ἐοικότες κεκονιασμένοις, καθὼς οἱ τὰς δορὰς τῶν προβάτων ἔχοντες. Ἀλλ' οὐ τοιούτους ζητεῖ, ἀλλ' οἵους ὁ Προφήτης φησί· Καὶ κατὰ τὴν καθαρότητα τῶν χειρῶν μου. Ποίαν; Τὴν ἐνώπιον τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτοῦ ἁγιωσύνην ζητεῖ, ἣν ὁ τοῦ Θεοῦ ὀφθαλμὸς ὁρᾷ. Εἶπε καὶ τούτων τὰ κατορθώματα, καὶ πάλιν ἐπὶ τὴν χάριν ἄνεισι, καί φησιν· Ἐν ἀγάπῃ, προορίσας ἡμᾶς. Οὐ γὰρ ἀπὸ πόνων οὐδὲ κατορθωμάτων τοῦτο γίνεται, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ ἀγάπης, οὔτε ἀπὸ ἀγάπης μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ἡμετέρας ἀρετῆς. Εἰ γὰρ δὴ ἀπὸ ἀγάπης μόνης, ἐχρῆν ἅπαντας σωθῆναι· εἰ δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς ἡμετέρας ἀρετῆς πάλιν μόνης, περιττὴ ἡ παρουσία αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάντα τὰ οἰκονομηθέντα. Ἀλλ' οὔτε ἀπὸ ἀγάπης μόνης, οὔτε ἀπὸ τῆς ἡμετέρας ἀρετῆς, ἀλλ' ἐξ ἀμφοτέρων. Ἐξελέξατο γὰρ ἡμᾶς, φησίν· ὁ δὲ ἐκλεγόμενος οἶδεν ὅπερ ἐκλέγεται. Ἐν ἀγάπῃ, φησὶ, προορίσας ἡμᾶς. Οὐδένα γὰρ ἂν ἔσωσεν ἡ ἀρετὴ, τῆς ἀγάπης μὴ οὔσης. Εἰπὲ γάρ μοι, τί Παῦλος ἂν ὠφελήθη, τί δὲ ἂν ἐπεδείξατο, εἰ μὴ καὶ ἄνωθεν αὐτὸν ἐκάλεσε, καὶ ἀγαπήσας εἵλκυσε πρὸς ἑαυτόν; Ἄλλως δὲ, καὶ τὸ τοσούτων ἀξιῶσαι, ἀγάπης ἦν, οὐ τῆς ἡμετέρας ἀρετῆς. Τὸ γὰρ ἐναρέτους γενέσθαι καὶ πιστεῦσαι καὶ προσελθεῖν, καὶ τοῦτο μὲν αὐτοῦ ἦν τοῦ καλέσαντος, πλὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡμέτερον· τὸ δὲ προσελθόντας τοσούτων ἀξιῶσαι τιμῶν, ὥστε εὐθέως 62.13 ἀπὸ ἔχθρας εἰς υἱοθεσίαν ἀγαγεῖν, ὑπερβαλλούσης ὄντως ἀγάπης. Ἐν ἀγάπῃ, φησὶ, προορίσας ἡμᾶς εἰς υἱοθεσίαν διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς αὐτόν. Ὁρᾷς πῶς οὐδὲν ἄνευ Χριστοῦ; πῶς οὐδὲν ἄνευ τοῦ Πατρός; Ἐκεῖνος προώρισεν, οὗτος προσήγαγε. Καὶ ταῦτα τίθησιν ἐπαίρων τὰ γεγενημένα, καθάπερ καὶ ἑτέρωθί φησιν· Οὐ μόνον δὲ, ἀλλὰ καὶ καυχώμεθα διὰ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ. Μεγάλα μὲν γὰρ τὰ δοθέντα, πολλῷ δὲ μείζονα γίνεται τῷ διὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ δοθῆναι· ὅτι οὐκ ἔπεμψέ τινα τῶν δούλων πρὸς τοὺς δούλους, ἀλλ' αὐτὸν τὸν Μονογενῆ. Κατὰ τὴν εὐδοκίαν, φησὶ, τοῦ θελήματος αὑτοῦ. Τουτέστιν, διὰ τὸ σφοδρῶς θελῆσαι. Ἡ ἐπιθυμία αὐτοῦ, ὡς ἄν τις εἴποι, αὕτη ἐστί· πανταχοῦ γὰρ εὐδοκία τὸ θέλημά ἐστι τὸ προηγούμενον. Ἔστι γὰρ καὶ ἄλλο θέλημα· οἷον, θέλημα πρῶτον, τὸ μὴ ἀπολέσθαι ἡμαρτηκότας· θέλημα δεύτερον, τὸ γενομένους κακοὺς ἀπολέσθαι. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ ἀνάγκη αὐτοὺς κολάζει, ἀλλὰ θέλημα. Τοιοῦτον καὶ ἐπὶ Παύλου ἔστιν ἰδεῖν, οἷον ὡς ὅταν λέγῃ· Θέλω πάντας ἀνθρώπους εἶναι ὡς καὶ ἐμαυτόν· καὶ πάλιν, Θέλω νεωτέρας γαμεῖν, τεκνογονεῖν. Εὐδοκίαν οὖν τὸ πρῶτον θέλημά φησι, τὸ σφοδρὸν θέλημα, τὸ μετὰ ἐπιθυμίας θέλημα, τὸ πεῖσμα· οὐ γὰρ παραιτήσομαι καὶ κοινοτέρᾳ λέξει χρήσασθαι σαφηνείας ἕνεκεν τῶν ἀφελεστέρων· οὕτω γὰρ καὶ ἡμεῖς τὴν ἐπίτασιν τοῦ θελήματος δηλοῦντες, Κατὰ τὸ πεῖσμα ἡμῶν, λέγομεν. Ὃ οὖν λέγει, τοῦτό ἐστι· Σφόδρα ἐφίεται, σφόδρα ἐπιθυμεῖ τῆς σωτηρίας τῆς ἡμετέρας. Τίνος οὖν ἕνεκεν οὕτως ἡμᾶς ἀγαπᾷ, καὶ πόθεν οὕτω φιλεῖ; Ἀπὸ ἀγαθότητος μόνης· ἡ γὰρ χάρις ἀγαθότητός ἐστι. ∆ιὰ τοῦτό φησιν, Εἰς υἱοθεσίαν ἡμᾶς προώρισε, θέλων, καὶ σφόδρα τοῦτο βουλόμενος, ἵνα ἡ τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ δόξα δειχθῇ. Κατὰ τὴν εὐδοκίαν τοῦ θελήματος αὑτοῦ,