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of creation, saying, Through Jesus Christ. For He who created all things through Him, also reveals this through Him; for He has made nothing without Him. For without Him, he says, was not anything made. Having said principalities and powers, he spoke of those above and those below. According to the purpose of the ages. Now, he says, it has come to be, but it was not determined now, but was prefigured from above. According to the purpose of the ages, which He accomplished in Christ Jesus our Lord; that is, according to the foreknowledge of the ages, foreknowing the things to come; he speaks of the ages to come; for He knew the things that would be, and so He determined. According to the purpose of the ages; perhaps of these things which He accomplished in Christ Jesus, because indeed through Christ all things came to be. In whom we have, he says, boldness and access with confidence through faith in Him. Not as captives, he says, were we brought near, nor as being deemed worthy of pardon, nor as sinners. And, For we have boldness, he says, with confidence, that is, with courage. From where? Through faith in Him. Therefore I ask you not to lose heart in my tribulations for you, which is your glory. How is it for them? How is it their glory? Because God so loved them, as to give both His Son for them, and to afflict His servants. For in order that these might obtain so many good things, Paul was bound in chains. This, therefore, is of the great love of God for them; which God also says concerning the prophets: I have slain them by the words of my mouth. But how did they lose heart, when another was afflicted? That is, they were disturbed, they were troubled. These things he also says when writing to the Thessalonians 62.51: So that no one should be moved by these afflictions. For it is necessary not only not to grieve, but also to rejoice. For if you are comforted by the prediction, we tell you beforehand that we are to suffer affliction here. Why so? Because so the Master commanded. For this reason I bow my knees to the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, from whom every family in heaven and on earth is named. He shows the disposition of his prayer for them. He did not simply say, I pray, but he indicated his contrite supplication by the bowing of his knees. From whom every family. No longer according to the number of angels, he says, but Him who made the tribes above and below, not such as the Jewish ones. That He would grant you, according to the riches of His glory, to be strengthened with might through His Spirit in the inner man, that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith. See with what insatiability he prays for good things for them, so that they might not be carried about. But how does this happen? Through the Holy Spirit in your inner man for Christ to dwell in your hearts through faith. How? Being rooted and grounded in love, that you may be able to comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and depth and height, and to know the love of Christ which surpasses knowledge. What he prayed for at the beginning, this also now. And what did he say in the beginning? That the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give you the spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of Him, the eyes of your heart being enlightened, that you may know what is the hope of His calling, and what are the riches of the glory of His inheritance in the saints, and what is the exceeding greatness of His power toward us who believe. And now he says the same thing: That you may be able to comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and depth and height; that is, to know with accuracy the mystery that was administered for our sakes; for this he calls breadth and length, and depth and height; that is, to know the greatness of the love of God, how it is extended everywhere; and he has described it with bodily figures, pointing to man; it has encompassed things above, things below, things on the sides. For we have spoken, he says, but it is not for my words to teach these things, but for the Holy Spirit. By His power, he says, to be strengthened against temptations, and not to be carried away. So that it is not possible to be strengthened otherwise, but through the Spirit and temptations. But how Christ dwells in the hearts, hear Him saying

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κτίσεως, εἰπὼν, ∆ιὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ. Ὁ γὰρ πάντα δι' αὐτοῦ κτίσας, καὶ τοῦτο δι' αὐτοῦ ἀποκαλύπτει· οὐδὲν γὰρ χωρὶς αὐτοῦ πεποίηκε· Χωρὶς γὰρ αὐτοῦ, φησὶν, ἐγένετο οὐδέν. Εἰπὼν ἀρχὰς καὶ ἐξουσίας, καὶ τοὺς ἄνω καὶ τοὺς κάτω εἶπε. Κατὰ πρόθεσιν τῶν αἰώνων. Νῦν μὲν, φησὶ, γέγονεν, οὐ νῦν δὲ ὥριστο, ἀλλ' ἄνωθεν προτετύπωτο. Κατὰ πρόθεσιν τῶν αἰώνων, ἣν ἐποίησεν ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν· τουτέστι, κατὰ πρόγνωσιν τῶν αἰώνων, προειδὼς τὰ μέλλοντα· τοὺς μέλλοντας αἰῶνάς φησιν· ᾔδει γὰρ τὰ ἐσόμενα, καὶ οὕτως ὥρισε. Κατὰ πρόθεσιν τῶν αἰώνων· ἴσως τούτων ὧν ἐποίησεν ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, ὅτι δὴ διὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ γέγονεν ἅπαν. Ἐν ᾧ ἔχομεν, φησὶ, τὴν παῤῥησίαν καὶ τὴν προσαγωγὴν ἐν πεποιθήσει διὰ τῆς πίστεως αὐτοῦ. Οὐχ ὡς αἰχμάλωτοι, φησὶ, προσήχθημεν, οὐδ' ὡς συγγνώμης ἀξιούμενοι, οὐδὲ ὡς ἡμαρτηκότες. Καὶ, Τὴν παῤῥησίαν γὰρ, φησὶν, ἔχομεν ἐν πεποιθήσει, τουτέστι, μετὰ τοῦ θαῤῥεῖν. Πόθεν; ∆ιὰ τῆς πίστεως αὐτοῦ. ∆ιὸ αἰτοῦμαι μὴ ἐκκακεῖν ἐν ταῖς θλίψεσί μου ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν, ἥτις ἐστὶ δόξα ὑμῶν. Πῶς ἐστιν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν; πῶς ἐστι δόξα αὐτῶν; Ὅτι οὕτως αὐτοὺς ἠγάπησεν ὁ Θεὸς, ὥστε καὶ τὸν Υἱὸν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν δοῦναι, καὶ τοὺς δούλους κακοῦν. Ἵνα γὰρ οὗτοι τύχωσι τοσούτων ἀγαθῶν, Παῦλος ἐδεσμεῖτο. Ἄρα τοῦτο τῆς πολλῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ περὶ αὐτοὺς ἀγάπης· ὅπερ καὶ περὶ τῶν προφητῶν φησιν ὁ Θεός· Ἀπέκτεινον αὐτοὺς ἐν ῥήματι στόματός μου. Πῶς δὲ ἐξεκάκουν, ἄλλου θλιβομένου; Τουτέστιν, ἐθορυβοῦντο, ἐταράττοντο. Ταῦτα καὶ Θεσσαλονικεύσι 62.51 γράφων λέγει· Ὥστε μηδένα σαίνεσθαι ἐν ταῖς θλίψεσι ταύταις. Οὐ μόνον γὰρ οὐκ ἀλγεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ χαίρειν χρή. Εἰ γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς προῤῥήσεως παραμυθεῖσθε, προλέγομεν ὑμῖν, ὅτι μέλλομεν θλίβεσθαι ἐνθάδε. Τί δήποτε; Ὅτι οὕτως ὁ ∆εσπότης προσέταξε. Τούτου χάριν κάμπτω τὰ γόνατά μου πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἐξ οὗ πᾶσα πατριὰ ἐν οὐρανοῖς, καὶ ἐπὶ γῆς ὀνομάζεται. Τὴν διάθεσιν τῆς εὐχῆς τῆς ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν δείκνυσιν. Οὐκ εἶπεν ἁπλῶς, εὔχομαι, ἀλλὰ τὴν κατανενυγμένην δέησιν διὰ τοῦ κάμπτειν τὰ γόνατα ἐδήλωσεν. Ἐξ οὗ πᾶσα πατριά. Οὐκέτι κατὰ ἀριθμὸν ἀγγέλων, φησὶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς ἄνω καὶ τὰς κάτω ποιήσαντα φυλὰς, οὐχ οἷαι αἱ Ἰουδαϊκαί. Ἵνα δῴη ὑμῖν κατὰ τὸν πλοῦτον τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ δυνάμει κραταιωθῆναι διὰ τοῦ Πνεύματος αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν ἔσω ἄνθρωπον, κατοικῆσαι τὸν Χριστὸν διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν. Ὅρα μεθ' ὅσης ἀπληστίας ἐπεύχεται αὐτοῖς τὰ ἀγαθὰ ὥστε μὴ περιφέρεσθαι, Πῶς δὲ τοῦτο γίνεται; ∆ιὰ Πνεύματος ἁγίου εἰς τὸν ἔσω ὑμῶν ἄνθρωπον κατοικῆσαι τὸν Χριστὸν διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις. Πῶς; Ἐν ἀγάπῃ ἐῤῥιζωμένοι καὶ τεθεμελιωμένοι, ἵνα ἐξισχύσητε καταλαβέσθαι σὺν πᾶσι τοῖς ἁγίοις, τί τὸ πλάτος, καὶ μῆκος καὶ βάθος καὶ ὕψος, γνῶναί τε τὴν ὑπερβάλλουσαν τῆς γνώσεως ἀγάπην τοῦ Χριστοῦ. Ὅπερ ἀρχόμενος ηὔξατο, τοῦτο καὶ νῦν. Τί δὲ καὶ ἔλεγεν ἐν ἀρχῇ; Ἵνα ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ὁ Πατὴρ τῆς δόξης, δῴη ὑμῖν πνεῦμα σοφίας καὶ ἀποκαλύψεως ἐν ἐπιγνώσει αὐτοῦ, πεφωτισμένους τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τῆς καρδίας ὑμῶν, εἰς τὸ εἰδέναι ὑμᾶς τίς ἐστιν ἡ ἐλπὶς τῆς κλήσεως αὐτοῦ, καὶ τίς ὁ πλοῦτος τῆς δόξης τῆς κληρονομίας αὐτοῦ ἐν τοῖς ἁγίοις, καὶ τί τὸ ὑπερβάλλον μέγεθος τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ εἰς ἡμᾶς τοὺς πιστεύοντας. Καὶ νῦν τὸ αὐτό φησιν· Ἵνα ἰσχύσητε καταλαβέσθαι σὺν πᾶσι τοῖς ἁγίοις, τί τὸ πλάτος καὶ μῆκος καὶ βάθος καὶ ὕψος· τουτέστι, τὸ μυστήριον τὸ ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν οἰκονομηθὲν μετὰ ἀκριβείας εἰδέναι· τοῦτο γὰρ πλάτος καὶ μῆκος καλεῖ, καὶ βάθος καὶ ὕψος· τουτέστι, τὸ μέγεθος τῆς ἀγάπης τοῦ Θεοῦ γνῶναι, πῶς πανταχοῦ ἐκτέταται· καὶ σωματικοῖς αὐτὴν ὑπέγραψε σχήμασι, δεικνὺς τὸν ἄνθρωπον· περιέλαβε τὰ ἄνω, τὰ κάτω, τὰ ἐκ πλαγίων. Εἴπομεν γὰρ, φησὶν, οὐκ ἔστι δὲ τῶν ἐμῶν λόγων ταῦτα διδάξαι, ἀλλὰ τοῦ Πνεύματος τοῦ ἁγίου. Τούτου τῇ δυνάμει, φησὶ, κραταιωθῆναι πρὸς τοὺς πειρασμοὺς, καὶ τὸ μὴ παραφέρεσθαι. Ὥστε οὐκ ἔστιν ἄλλως κραταιωθῆναι, ἀλλ' ἢ διὰ Πνεύματος καὶ πειρασμῶν. Πῶς δὲ ὁ Χριστὸς κατοικεῖ ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις, ἄκουε αὐτοῦ λέγοντος τοῦ