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and we are always turning about in the smoke. For it is truly the part of daws to devise table-makers and cooks, and of gluttonous dogs. Hearken to the women of old; for they were great, great and admirable women, such as Sarah, Rebecca, Rachel, Deborah, Hannah; and in the time of Christ there were such women, but nowhere did they drive out men, but they held the lower rank. But now it is the opposite, women drive us out and eclipse us. What laughter? what shame? We hold the rank of the head, and are we overcome by the body? We were appointed to rule them, not only that we might rule, but that we might also rule in virtue. For the ruler ought to rule most of all in this, by conquering in virtue; but if he is conquered, he is no longer a ruler. Have you seen how great is the power of Christ's coming? how it has loosed the curse? For among women virgins are more numerous, continence is greater among them, widowhoods more numerous; a woman would not quickly utter a shameful word. For what reason then, tell me, do you speak shamefully? For do not tell me of the desperate ones; the sex is somehow fond of the world, and this defect it has. But even in this you men are superior, 62.100 you who take pride in them as in your own adornment. For I do not think a woman is so adorned by her own gold, as the man is by his wife's; she is not so proud of her golden girdle, as he is of his wife wearing gold. So that you are also the cause of this, who kindle the spark, and light up the flame. Besides, it is not so great a sin in a woman, as it is in a man. You were appointed to regulate her; you think it right to have the first place everywhere; therefore in this also show, from your own conduct, that you have no regard for her extravagance. It is more suitable for a woman to be adorned, than for a man. When therefore you yourself do not escape it, how shall she escape? They have a certain vainglory, but this is common to men also; how prone to anger they are, and this too is common. But in the things wherein they have the advantage, it is no longer common; I mean their modesty, their warmth, their piety, their love for Christ. Why then, he says, did he exclude them from the teacher's throne? And this is a sign that there was a great difference from men, and that the women of that time were great. For while Paul was teaching, tell me, and Peter and those saints, was it right for a woman to rush into the matter? But now we have sunk to such a state of wickedness, that it is even a matter of question, why women do not teach; so have we come to the same weakness as them. These things I have said, not wishing to exalt them, but to shame and instruct and admonish ourselves, that we may take up the rule that befits us, not in respect of being greater, but in respect of providence and protection and virtue. For thus the body also will be in its proper order, when it obtains the best ruler. And may it be that both women and men all live according to what is pleasing to God, that we may all be counted worthy on that fearful day to enjoy the loving-kindness of the Master, and to obtain the promised good things in Christ Jesus our Lord.

HOMILY XIV.

Wherefore putting away lying, speak every man truth with his neighbor

his own, for we are members one of another. Be angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon your wrath: Neither give place to the devil. 1. Having spoken of the old man in general terms, he then describes him also in particular. For this teaching is more easily learned, when we learn it in particular. And what does he say? Wherefore putting away lying. What lying? Does he mean idols? By no means; for these are indeed a lie; but now it is not concerning these; for they have nothing in common with them; but he means that which is towards one another, that is, the deceitful and the treacherous. Speak every man truth with his neighbor. Then also, what is more humbling, For we are members one of another

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καὶ τὸν καπνὸν ἀεὶ στρεφόμεθα. Κολοιῶν γὰρ ὄντως, τραπεζοποιοὺς καὶ μαγείρους ἐπινοεῖν, καὶ κυνῶν λίχνων. Ἄκουσον τῶν παλαιῶν γυναικῶν· μεγάλαι γὰρ ἐγένοντο, μεγάλαι γυναῖκες καὶ θαυμασταὶ, οἷον, ἡ Σάῤῥα, ἡ Ῥεβέκκα, ἡ Ῥαχὴλ, ἡ ∆εβώρα, ἡ Ἄννα· καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ δὲ ἦσαν τοιαῦται, ἀλλ' οὐδαμοῦ ἄνδρας παρήλασαν, ἀλλὰ τὴν ὑστέραν τάξιν ἐπεῖχον. Νῦν δὲ τοὐναντίον, γυναῖκες ἡμᾶς παρελαύνουσι καὶ ἀποκρύπτουσι. Ποῖος ὁ γέλως; τίς ἡ αἰσχύνη; Ἡμεῖς τῆς κεφαλῆς τὴν τάξιν ἐπέχομεν, καὶ ὑπὸ τοῦ σώματος νικώμεθα; Ἄρχειν αὐτῶν ἐτάχθημεν, οὐχ ἵνα μόνον ἄρχωμεν, ἀλλ' ἵνα καὶ ἐν ἀρετῇ ἄρχωμεν. Ὁ γὰρ ἄρχων, τούτῳ μάλιστα ἄρχειν ὀφείλει, τῷ τῇ ἀρετῇ νικᾷν· εἰ δὲ νικᾶται, οὐκέτι ἄρχων ἐστίν. Εἴδετε πόση τῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ παρουσίας ἡ δύναμις; πῶς ἔλυσε τὴν κατάραν; Καὶ γὰρ πλείους αἱ παρθένοι παρὰ γυναιξὶ, πλείων ἡ σωφροσύνη παρ' ἐκείναις, αἱ χηρεῖαι πλείους· οὐδὲν ἂν αἰσχρὸν ταχέως γυνὴ πρόοιτο ῥῆμα. Τίνος οὖν ἕνεκεν, εἰπέ μοι, αἰσχρολογεῖς σύ; Μὴ γάρ μοι τὰς ἀπεγνωσμένας εἴπῃς, φιλόκοσμόν πως τὸ γένος ἐστὶ, καὶ τοῦτο ἔχει τὸ ἐλάττωμα. Ἀλλὰ κἀν τούτῳ νικᾶτε 62.100 ὑμεῖς οἱ ἄνδρες, οἱ καὶ ἐπ' ἐκείναις, ὡς ἐπ' οἰκείῳ κόσμῳ, ἐναβρυνόμενοι. Οὐ γὰρ οὕτως οἶμαι τοῖς ἑαυτῆς χρυσίοις τὴν γυναῖκα καλλωπίζεσθαι, ὡς τὸν ἄνδρα τοῖς τῆς γυναικός· οὐχ οὕτως ἐπὶ τῇ ζώνῃ φρονεῖ τῇ χρυσῇ, ὡς ἐπὶ τῷ τὴν γυναῖκα χρυσοφορεῖν. Ὥστε καὶ τούτου ὑμεῖς αἴτιοι οἱ τὸν σπινθῆρα ἐκκαίοντες, καὶ τὴν φλόγα ἀνάπτοντες. Ἄλλως δὲ, οὐ τοσοῦτον ἁμάρτημά ἐστιν ἐπὶ γυναικὸς, ὅσον ἐπὶ ἀνδρός. Σὺ ἐτάχθης ἐκείνην ῥυθμίζειν· πανταχοῦ τῶν πρωτείων ἀξιοῖς τυγχάνειν· οὐκοῦν καὶ ἐν τούτῳ δεῖξον, ὅτι σοι τῆς πολυτελείας οὐδεὶς λόγος ἐκείνης, ἀπὸ τῶν σαυτοῦ. Γυναικὶ μᾶλλον ἐπιτήδειον τὸ κοσμεῖσθαι, ἢ ἀνδρί. Ὅταν οὖν σὺ αὐτὸς μὴ διαφεύγῃς, πῶς ἐκείνη διαφεύξεται; Ἔχουσιν ἐκεῖναί τι κενόδοξον, ἀλλὰ τοῦτο κοινὸν καὶ ἀνδρῶν· ὀργίλαι πῶς εἰσι, καὶ τοῦτο κοινόν. Ἐν οἷς δὲ πλεονεκτοῦσιν, οὐκέτι κοινά· τὴν σεμνότητα λέγω, τὴν θερμότητα, τὴν εὐλάβειαν, τὴν περὶ τὸν Χριστὸν ἀγάπην. ∆ιὰ τί οὖν ἀπεῖρξεν αὐτὰς τοῦ θρόνου τοῦ διδασκαλικοῦ, φησί; Καὶ τοῦτο σημεῖον τοῦ πολὺ τὸ μέσον εἶναι τῶν ἀνδρῶν, καὶ μεγάλας εἶναι τὰς τότε. Παύλου γὰρ διδάσκοντος, εἰπέ μοι, καὶ Πέτρου καὶ τῶν ἁγίων ἐκείνων, γυναῖκα τῷ πράγματι ἐπιπηδᾷν ἐχρῆν; Νυνὶ δὲ εἰς τοῦτο κακίας ἠλάσαμεν, ὡς καὶ ζητήματος ἄξιον εἶναι, διὰ τί γυναῖκες οὐ διδάσκουσιν· οὕτως εἰς τὴν αὐτὴν αὐταῖς ἀσθένειαν ἤλθομεν. Ταῦτα οὐκ ἐκείνας ἐπᾶραι βουλόμενος εἶπον, ἀλλ' ἡμᾶς αὐτοὺς ἐντρέψαι καὶ παιδεῦσαι καὶ νουθετῆσαι, ὥστε τὴν προσήκουσαν ἡμῖν ἀρχὴν ἀναλαβεῖν, μὴ κατὰ τὸ μεῖζον, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὴν πρόνοιαν καὶ τὴν προστασίαν καὶ τὴν ἀρετήν. Οὕτω γὰρ καὶ τὸ σῶμα ἐν τάξει ἔσται τῇ προσηκούσῃ, ὅταν ἀρίστου τοῦ ἄρχοντος ἐπιτύχῃ. Γένοιτο δὲ καὶ τὰς γυναῖκας καὶ τοὺς ἄνδρας κατὰ τὸ τῷ Θεῷ δοκοῦν ἅπαντας βιοῦν, ἵνα καταξιωθῶμεν ἅπαντες ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ φοβερᾷ ἡμέρᾳ τῆς φιλανθρωπίας ἀπολαῦσαι τοῦ ∆εσπότου, καὶ τῶν ἐπηγγελμένων ἀγαθῶν ἐπιτυχεῖν ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν.

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Ι∆ʹ.

∆ιὸ ἀποθέμενοι τὸ ψεῦδος, λαλεῖτε ἀλήθειαν ἕκαστος μετὰ τοῦ πλησίον

αὑτοῦ, ὅτι ἐσμὲν ἀλλήλων μέλη. Ὀργίζεσθε, καὶ μὴ ἁμαρτάνετε· ὁ ἥλιος μὴ ἐπιδυέτω ἐπὶ τῷ παροργισμῷ ὑμῶν· μὴ δίδοτε τόπον τῷ διαβόλῳ. αʹ. Εἰπὼν τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον καθολικῶς, λοιπὸν αὐτὸν καὶ ὑπογράφει κατὰ μέρος. Αὕτη γὰρ εὐμαθεστέρα ἡ διδασκαλία, ὅταν καὶ κατὰ μέρος μανθάνωμεν. Καὶ τί φησι; ∆ιὸ ἀποθέμενοι τὸ ψεῦδος. Ποῖον ψεῦδος; Τὰ εἴδωλα ἆρά φησιν; Οὐδαμῶς· ψεῦδος μὲν γὰρ καὶ ταῦτα· ἀλλὰ νῦν οὐ περὶ τούτων· οὐδὲν γὰρ αὐτοῖς κοινὸν πρὸς αὐτά· ἀλλὰ τὸ πρὸς ἀλλήλους φησὶ, τουτέστι, τὸ δολερὸν καὶ ὕπουλον. Λαλεῖτε ἀλήθειαν ἕκαστος μετὰ τοῦ πλησίον αὑτοῦ. Εἶτα καὶ τὸ ἐντρεπτικώτερον, Ὅτι ἐσμὲν ἀλλήλων