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you do, and you are nourishing the fire and the coals within, what is the benefit of silence? Or do you not know, that fires are most especially difficult, which when nourished within are not visible to those standing around outside? and wounds, which do not break out on the surface? and fevers as many as burn the inward parts 62.112? So also this anger is more difficult which consumes the soul. But let this also be taken away, he says, with all malice, both small and great. Let us obey him then, and let us take away all bitterness and all malice, that we may not grieve the Holy Spirit. Let us remove bitterness by the roots, let us cut it out; Nothing good can come from a bitter soul, nothing healthy, all are calamities, all tears, all lamentations and wailings. Do you not see even of the beasts how we turn away from as many as cry out; such as the lion, the bear, but not the sheep? for there is no clamor there, but a gentle voice. And of musical instruments, those that are loud are more unpleasant to the sound, such as drums, trumpets; but those that are not so, but are soothing, these are pleasant, such as the flute and lyre and pipes. Let us then so compose our soul, as not to cry out; and thus we shall be able to overcome anger also; and having cut this out, we ourselves first shall enjoy the calm, and we shall sail into the fair haven; may it be that we all attain to it in Christ Jesus our Lord, with whom to the Father, together with the Holy Spirit, be glory, dominion, honor, now and ever, and unto the ages of ages. Amen. ]

HOMILY XVI.

Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and evil speaking, be put away from

you, with all malice. And be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, even as God forgave you. 1. It is not enough to be rid of wickedness, if one is to attain the kingdom of heaven, but there is need also of much practice of the virtues. For to be delivered from Gehenna, one must abstain from evil; but to attain the kingdom, one must lay hold of virtue. Or do you not know that even in the secular law courts, when there is an examination of things done, and the whole city is in assembly, it happens thus? For among secular men it was an ancient custom to be crowned with a golden crown, not the one who had done no evil to the city; for this itself is sufficient only for not being punished; but the one who has shown great benefactions. Thus for this was it necessary to be led to the honor. But I know not how what was most necessary to say to you has nearly escaped me. For I retract the first part of this division, using a certain small correction. For when I said that withdrawal from evils is sufficient for us not to fall into Gehenna, while I was speaking a certain terrible threat crept in, not inflicting punishment on those who have dared some evil, but punishing those who have omitted some good thing. What then is this? When the dreadful day, he says, is at hand, and the great day has come, the Judge, having sat on his judgment seat, and having set the sheep on his right, but the goats on his left, said to the sheep: Come, you blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world; for I was hungry, and you gave me something to 62.112 eat. This is well; for it was necessary for them to receive this recompense for such great philanthropy; but for those who did not share with the needy from what they themselves had, to be punished not merely with the deprivation of good things, but also to be sent to the fire of Gehenna, what reason could this possibly have? Indeed, this too would have a plausible reason, no less than the former. For by this we are taught, that those who have done good things will enjoy the good things in heaven; but those who have no evil to be accused of, but have omitted

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ποιεῖς, καὶ ἔνδον τρέφεις τὴν πυρὰν καὶ τοὺς ἄνθρακας, τί τὸ ὄφελος τῆς σιγῆς; Ἢ οὐκ οἶδας, ὅτι αἱ πυρκαϊαὶ μάλιστά εἰσι χαλεπώταται, αἵπερ ἂν ἔνδον τρεφόμεναι μὴ φαίνωνται τοῖς περιεστηκόσιν ἐκτός; καὶ τραύματα, ἅπερ ἂν μὴ εἰς τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν ἐξανθήσῃ; καὶ πυρετοὶ ὅσοι τὰ ἐντόσθια καίου 62.112 σιν; Οὕτω καὶ ὀργὴ αὕτη χαλεπωτέρα ἡ τὴν ψυχὴν ἐπινεμομένη. Ἀλλὰ καὶ αὕτη ἀρθήτω, φησὶ, σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ, καὶ μικρᾷ καὶ μεγάλῃ. Πειθώμεθα τοίνυν αὐτῷ, καὶ πᾶσαν πικρίαν καὶ πᾶσαν κακίαν ἐξαίρωμεν, ἵνα μὴ λυπῶμεν τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον. Ἀνέλωμεν πρόῤῥιζον τὴν πικρίαν, ἐκτέμωμεν αὐτήν· Οὐδὲν ἀγαθὸν ἀπὸ πικρᾶς γένοιτο ἂν ψυχῆς, οὐδὲν ὑγιὲς, πάντα συμφοραὶ, πάντα δάκρυα, πάντα θρῆνοι καὶ οἰμωγαί. Οὐχ ὁρᾶτε καὶ τῶν θηρίων ὅσα ἂν κράζῃ, πῶς ἀποστρεφόμεθα· οἷον τὸν λέοντα, τὴν ἄρκτον, ἀλλ' οὐχὶ τὸ πρόβατον; οὐ γάρ ἐστιν ἐκεῖ κραυγὴ, ἀλλὰ προσηνής τις φωνή. Καὶ τῶν ὀργάνων δὲ τῶν μουσικῶν, ὅσα μὲν ἂν κράζῃ, ἀηδέστερά ἐστι πρὸς τὸν φθόγγον, οἷον τύμπανα, σάλπιγγες· τὰ δὲ μὴ οὕτως, ἀλλὰ μαλάττοντα, ταῦτα ἡδέα, οἷον αὐλὸς καὶ κιθάρα καὶ σύριγγες. Οὕτως οὖν ἡμῶν τὴν ψυχὴν καταστήσωμεν, ὥστε μὴ κράζειν· καὶ οὕτω δυνησόμεθα καὶ τῆς ὀργῆς περιγενέσθαι· ταύτην δὲ ἐκκόψαντες, αὐτοὶ πρῶτοι τῆς γαλήνης ἀπολαύσομεν, καὶ εἰς τὸν εὔδιον πλευσόμεθα λιμένα· οὗ γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἐπιτυχεῖν ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἅμα τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι δόξα, κράτος, τιμὴ, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν. ]

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙΣΤʹ.

Πᾶσα πικρία καὶ θυμὸς καὶ ὀργὴ καὶ κραυγὴ καὶ βλασφημία ἀρθήτω ἀφ'

ὑμῶν σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ. Γίνεσθε δὲ εἰς ἀλλήλους χρηστοὶ, εὔσπλαγ χνοι, χαριζόμενοι ἑαυτοῖς, καθὼς καὶ ὁ Θεὸς ἐχαρίσατο ὑμῖν. αʹ. Οὐκ ἀρκεῖ κακίας ἀπαλλαγῆναι, εἰ δεῖ τῆς βασιλείας τῶν οὐρανῶν ἐπιτυχεῖν, ἀλλὰ δεῖ καὶ πολλῆς τῆς τῶν ἀρετῶν ἐργασίας. Ἵνα μὲν γὰρ γεέννης ἀπαλλαγῶμεν, ἀπέχεσθαι δεῖ πονηρίας· ἵνα δὲ βασιλείας ἐπιτύχωμεν, ἀντέχεσθαι τῆς ἀρετῆς. Ἢ οὐκ ἴστε, ὅτι καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἔξωθεν δικαστηρίοις, ὅταν ἐξέτασις ᾖ τῶν εἰργασμένων, καὶ ἐκκλησιάζῃ πᾶσα ἡ πόλις, οὕτω γίνεται; Καὶ γὰρ ἐπὶ τῶν ἔξωθεν ἔθος ἦν παλαιὸν, χρυσῷ στεφανοῦσθαι στεφάνῳ, οὐ τὸν μηδὲν κακὸν ἐργασάμενον τὴν πόλιν· τοῦτο γὰρ αὐτὸ πρὸς τὸ μὴ δοῦναι δίκην ἀπόχρη μόνον· ἀλλὰ τὸν μεγάλας εὐεργεσίας ἐπιδειξάμενον. Οὕτως ἐπὶ ταύτην ἐχρῆν ἄγεσθαι τὴν τιμήν. Ἀλλὰ γὰρ οὐκ οἶδα πῶς μικροῦ δεῖν με παρέλαθεν ὃ μάλιστα πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἀναγκαῖον ἦν εἰπεῖν. Τῆς γὰρ διαιρέσεως ταύτης τὸ πρῶτον ἀνατίθεμαι μέρος, μικρᾷ τινι ἐπιδιορθώσει χρησάμενος. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἔφην, πρὸς τὸ μὴ περιπεσεῖν γεέννῃ ὅτι τῶν κακῶν ἡμῖν ἡ ἀναχώρησις ἀρκεῖ, μεταξύ με λέγοντα ὑπεισῆλθέ τις ἀπειλὴ φοβερὰ, οὐ τοῖς κακόν τι τολμήσασι τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐπάγουσα, ἀλλὰ τοὺς ἐλλελοιπότας τι τῶν ἀγαθῶν κολάζουσα. Τίς δὴ οὖν αὕτη ἐστί; Τῆς ἡμέρας, φησὶν, ἐπιστάσης τῆς φοβερᾶς, καὶ παραγενομένης τῆς κυρίας, καθεσθεὶς ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος ὁ Κριτὴς, καὶ τὰ μὲν πρόβατα στήσας ἐκ δεξιῶν, τὰ δὲ ἐρίφια ἐξ ἀριστερῶν, πρὸς μὲν τὰ πρόβατα ἔλεγε· ∆εῦτε, οἱ εὐλογημένοι τοῦ Πατρός μου, κληρονομήσατε τὴν ἡτοιμασμένην ὑμῖν βασιλείαν ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου· ἐπείνασα γὰρ, καὶ ἐδώκατέ μοι φα 62.112 γεῖν. Τοῦτο καλῶς· ἔδει γὰρ αὐτοὺς τῆς τοσαύτης φιλανθρωπίας ταυτὴν λαβεῖν τὴν ἀντίδοσιν· τὸ μέντοι τοὺς μὴ μεταδόντας τοῖς δεομένοις ἐξ ὧν εἶχον αὐτοὶ, μὴ μέχρι τῆς τῶν ἀγαθῶν στερήσεως κολάζεσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῷ τῆς γεέννης παραπέμπεσθαι πυρὶ, ποῖον ἂν ἔχοι λόγον τοῦτο δή; Μάλιστα μὲν οὖν καὶ τοῦτο εὐπρόσωπον ἂν ἔχοι λόγον, οὐχ ἧττον ἢ ἐκεῖνο τὸ πρότερον. ∆ιὰ γὰρ τούτου παιδευόμεθα, ὅτι οἱ μὲν τὰ ἀγαθὰ πράξαντες, τῶν ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς ἀπολαύσονται ἀγαθῶν· οἱ δὲ ἐγκληθῆναι μὲν οὐδὲν ἔχοντες κακὸν, ἐλλελοιπότες δέ