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he says, Of the one who betrayed him, but he tries to shift the charge to others, as far as it came to him. And he does not attack them vehemently either. For he was, he says, a guide to those who arrested Jesus. And before saying where David said it, he speaks of the things done by him, so that from the present things he might confirm the future ones, and show that he had already paid the penalty. That he was numbered with us, and had obtained part of this ministry. Now this man purchased a field with the reward of iniquity. He makes the speech a moral one, and covertly reveals the cause as being instructive. For he does not say that the Jews, but that this man purchased it. For since the souls of the weak do not look so much to the future as to the present, he discourses on the present penalty. And falling headlong, he burst asunder in the midst. He rightly raised his discourse not on the sin, but on the punishment. And all his bowels, he says, gushed out. This brought comfort to them. And it was known unto all the dwellers at Jerusalem; insomuch as that field is called in their proper tongue, Aceldama, that is to say, The field of blood. 2. The Jews, therefore, called it by this name, not for this reason, but on account of Judas; but he transferred it to this, bringing the enemies as witnesses. For by saying that they named it, and by adding, In their own tongue, he wishes to show this. Then after the outcome he suitably introduces the prophet, saying: For it is written in the book of Psalms, Let his habitation be desolate, and let no man dwell therein: This is about the field and the house. and his bishoprick let another take: that is, the office, the priesthood. So that this happens not by my judgment, but by His who foretold these things. For so that he might not seem to be attempting a great matter, and one like Christ, he brought forward the prophet as a witness. It is necessary, therefore, he says, of the men who have companied with you all the time. Why does he share it with them? So that the matter might not become contentious, and they fall into strife. For if they suffered this, much more so would those. And he always avoids this. For this reason he said at the beginning: Men and brethren, it is necessary to choose from among us. He entrusts the judgment to the multitude, both making those who are chosen venerable, and freeing himself from enmity towards the others. For such things always work great evils. That it must therefore happen, he brings the prophet as a witness; but from whom it must be, he himself interprets, saying: From those who have companied with us all the time. For if he had said, the decent must be present, he would have insulted the others; but now he entrusted the matter to time, not simply saying, Those who have companied with us, but, In all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us, beginning from the baptism of John, unto that same day that he was taken up from us, must one be ordained to be a witness with us of his resurrection. What is to happen? So that the choir might not be mutilated. What then? Was it not possible for Peter himself to choose? And 60.36 very much so; but so that he might not seem to show favor, he does not do this. Besides, he was still without the Spirit. And they appointed, he says, two, Joseph called Barsabas, who was surnamed Justus, and Matthias. He did not appoint them himself, but all did. But he himself introduced the proposal, showing that it was not his own, but from above according to prophecy; so that he became an interpreter, not a teacher. Joseph called Barsabas, who was surnamed Justus. Perhaps he has put both on account of the homonyms; since there were also many homonyms among the apostles: James the son of Zebedee, and James the son of Alphaeus, Simon Peter and Simon the Zealot; Judas of James, and Judas Iscariot. Besides, the naming was also for a change of life, and perhaps also of purpose. They appointed, he says, Joseph called Barsabas, who was surnamed Justus, and Matthias. And they prayed, and said, Thou, Lord, which knowest the hearts of all men, shew whether of these two thou hast chosen, That he may take part of this ministry and apostleship, from which Judas by transgression fell, that he might go to his own place.

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λέγει, Τοῦ προδόντος, ἀλλ' ἐφ' ἑτέρους βιάζεται μεταθεῖναι τὸ ἔγκλημα, ὅσον εἰς αὐτὸν ἧκε. Καὶ οὐδὲ ἐκείνων σφόδρα καθάπτεται Τοῦ γενομένου γὰρ, φησὶν, ὁδηγοῦ τοῖς συλλαβοῦσι τὸν Ἰησοῦν. Καὶ πρὶν ἢ εἰπεῖν, ποῦ εἶπεν ὁ ∆αυῒδ, λέγει τὰ πεπραγμένα αὐτῷ, ἵνα ἀπὸ τῶν παρόντων καὶ τὰ μέλλοντα πιστώσηται, καὶ δείξῃ ἤδη δεδωκότα δίκην. Ὅτι κατηριθμημένος ἦν σὺν ἡμῖν, καὶ ἔλαχε τὸν κλῆρον τῆς διακονίας ταύτης. Οὗτος μὲν οὖν ἐκτήσατο χωρίον ἐκ μισθοῦ τῆς ἀδικίας. Ἠθικὸν ποιεῖ τὸν λόγον, καὶ λανθανόντως τὴν αἰτίαν παιδευτικὴν οὖσαν ἀποκαλύπτει. Οὐ λέγει γὰρ, ὅτι οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, ἀλλ' οὗτος αὐτὸ ἐκτήσατο. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ αἱ ψυχαὶ τῶν ἀσθενῶν οὐχ οὕτω πρὸς τὰ μέλλοντα ὁρῶσιν, ὡς πρὸς τὰ παρόντα, περὶ τῆς παρούσης δίκης διαλέγεται. Καὶ πρηνὴς γενόμενος ἐλάκησε μέσος. Καλῶς οὐκ ἐν τῷ ἁμαρτήματι, ἀλλ' ἐν τῇ τιμωρίᾳ τὸν λόγον ἐπῆρε. Καὶ ἐξεχύθη, φησὶ, πάντα τὰ σπλάγχνα αὐτοῦ. Τοῦτο παραμυθίαν ἐκείνοις ἔφερε. Καὶ γνωστὸν ἐγένετο πᾶσι τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν Ἱερουσαλὴμ, ὥστε κληθῆναι τὸ χωρίον ἐκεῖνο τῇ ἰδίᾳ διαλέκτῳ αὐτῶν Ἀκελδαμὰ, τουτέστι, χωρίον αἵματος. βʹ. Οἱ μὲν οὖν Ἰουδαῖοι ταύτῃ τῇ προσηγορίᾳ ἐκάλεσαν αὐτὸ, οὐ διὰ τοῦτο, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸν Ἰούδαν· οὗτος δὲ εἰς τοῦτο αὐτὸ μετήγαγε, μάρτυρας τοὺς ἐχθροὺς φέρων. Τῷ τε γὰρ εἰπεῖν, ὅτι ὠνόμασαν, καὶ τῷ ἐπαγαγεῖν, Τῇ ἰδίᾳ διαλέκτῳ αὐτῶν, τοῦτο δηλοῦν βούλεται. Εἶτα μετὰ τὴν ἔκβασιν οἰκείως ἐπεισάγει τὸν προφήτην λέγων· Γέγραπται γὰρ ἐν βίβλῳ Ψαλμῶν· Γενηθήτω ἡ ἔπαυλις αὐτῶν ἔρημος, καὶ μὴ ἔστω ὁ κατοικῶν ἐν αὐτῇ. Τοῦτο περὶ τοῦ χωρίου καὶ τῆς οἰκίας. Καὶ τὴν ἐπισκοπὴν αὐτοῦ λαβέτω ἕτερος· τουτέστι, τὴν ἀρχὴν, τὴν ἱερωσύνην. Ὥστε οὐκ ἐμῇ γνώμῃ τοῦτο τυγχάνει, ἀλλ' ἐκείνου τοῦ ταῦτα προειρηκότος. Ἵνα γὰρ μὴ δόξῃ μεγάλῳ πράγματι ἐπιχειρεῖν, καὶ τοιούτῳ οἵῳ ὁ Χριστὸς, ἐπήγαγε μάρτυρα τὸν προφήτην. ∆εῖ οὖν, φησὶ, τῶν συνελθόντων ὑμῖν ἀνδρῶν ἐν παντὶ χρόνῳ. ∆ιατί κοινοῦται αὐτοῖς; Ἵνα μὴ περιμάχητον τὸ πρᾶγμα γένηται, καὶ εἰς φιλονεικίαν ἐμπέσωσιν. Εἰ γὰρ αὐτοὶ τοῦτο ἔπαθον, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἐκεῖνοι. Καὶ ἀεὶ τοῦτο παραιτεῖται. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἀρχόμενος ἔλεγεν· Ἄνδρες ἀδελφοὶ, δεῖ ἐκλέξασθαι ἐξ ἡμῶν. Τῷ πλήθει τὴν κρίσιν ἐπιτρέπει, τούς τε γινομένους αἰδεσίμους ποιῶν, καὶ αὐτὸς ἀπαλλαττόμενος ἀπεχθείας τῆς πρὸς τοὺς ἄλλους. Μεγάλα γὰρ ἀεὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐργάζεται κακά. Ὅτι μὲν οὖν δεῖ γενέσθαι, τὸν προφήτην παράγει μάρτυρα· ἐκ τίνων δὲ δεῖ, αὐτὸς ἑρμηνεύει λέγων· Ἐκ τῶν συνελθόντων ἡμῖν ἐν παντὶ χρόνῳ. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ εἶπε, τοὺς ἐπιεικεῖς δεῖ παρεῖναι, τοὺς ἄλλους ἂν ὕβρισε· νῦν δὲ τῷ χρόνῳ τὸ πρᾶγμα ἐπέτρεψεν, οὐχ ἁπλῶς Συνελθόντας εἰπὼν, ἀλλ' Ἐν παντὶ χρόνῳ, ἐν ᾧ εἰσῆλθε καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἐφ' ἡμᾶς ὁ Κύριος Ἰησοῦς, ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τοῦ βαπτίσματος Ἰωάννου, ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ἧς ἀνελήφθη ἀφ' ἡμῶν, μάρτυρα τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ σὺν ἡμῖν γενέσθαι ἕνα τούτων. Ἵνα τί γένηται; Ἵνα μὴ ἠκρωτηριασμένος ὁ χορὸς εἴη. Τί οὖν; ἑλέσθαι τὸν Πέτρον αὐτὸν οὐκ ἐνῆν; Καὶ 60.36 πάνυ γε· ἀλλ' ἵνα μὴ δόξῃ χαρίζεσθαι, τοῦτο οὐ ποιεῖ. Ἄλλως δὲ καὶ Πνεύματος ἄμοιρος ἦν ἔτι. Καὶ ἔστησαν, φησὶ, δύο, Ἰωσὴφ τὸν καλούμενον Βαρσαβᾶν, ὃς ἐπεκλήθη Ἰοῦστος, καὶ Ματθίαν. Οὐχὶ αὐτὸς αὐτοὺς ἔστησεν, ἀλλὰ πάντες. Τὴν γνώμην δὲ αὐτὸς εἰσηγήσατο, δείξας οὐδὲ αὐτὴν αὐτοῦ οὖσαν, ἀλλ' ἄνωθεν κατὰ προφητείαν· ὥστε ἐξηγητὴς γέγονεν, οὐ διδάσκαλος. Ἰωσὴφ τὸν καλούμενον Βαρσαβᾶν, ὃς ἐπεκλήθη Ἰοῦστος. Ἴσως διὰ τὰς ὁμωνυμίας ἀμφότερα τέθεικεν· ἐπεὶ καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἀποστόλοις πολλαὶ ὁμωνυμίαι ἦσαν· Ἰάκωβος ὁ Ζεβεδαίου, καὶ Ἰάκωβος ὁ τοῦ Ἀλφαίου, Σίμων Πέτρος καὶ Σίμων ὁ Ζηλωτής· Ἰούδας Ἰακώβου, καὶ Ἰούδας ὁἸσκαριώτης. Ἄλλως δὲ καὶ μεταβολῆς βίου, ἴσως δὲ καὶ προαιρέσεως ἦν ἡ ὀνομασία. Ἔστησαν, φησὶν, Ἰωσὴφ τὸν καλούμενον Βαρσαβᾶν, ὃς ἐπεκλήθη Ἰοῦστος, καὶ Ματθίαν. Καὶ προσευξάμενοι εἶπον· Σὺ, Κύριε, καρδιογνῶστα πάντων, ἀνάδειξον, ὃν ἐξελέξω ἐκ τούτων τῶν δύο ἕνα λαβεῖν τὸν κλῆρον τῆς διακονίας ταύτης καὶ ἀποστολῆς, ἐξ ἧς παρέβη Ἰούδας πορευθῆναι εἰς τὸν τόπον τὸν ἴδιον.