41

Fear on every soul. If on every, then also on those who had not believed. It is likely that they experienced this, having seen such a sudden change; perhaps also from the signs. Not, "together," but, "with one accord," he said, since it is possible for some to be together, but not with one accord, being divided in their opinions. And he exhorted them with words. And not even here does he state the teaching, cutting the account short; but it is possible to learn that they nourished them like young children with spiritual food. And suddenly they became angels from then on. And they distributed according as anyone had need. They saw that spiritual things are common, and no one has more than another, and they quickly came to distributing their own things to all. And all who believed were together. That they were not together in place is clear from what he added, saying, "And they had all things in common." "All," he says, not some yes, and some no. This is an angelic way of life, to say that nothing of theirs is their own. From this the root of evils was cut out, and by what they did they showed that they had heard. This then was what he said, "Be saved from this crooked generation." And there were added on that day about three thousand souls. Since they became three thousand, they then led them out, who also with boldness, since it was now great, went up day by day and continued steadfastly in the temple; since Peter and John also do the same a little later; for as yet they disturbed none of the Jewish customs. And the honor for the place itself passed over to the Master of the temple. Did you see the increase of piety? They cast away their possessions, and rejoiced, and great was their gladness; for greater were the good things they were receiving. No one reproached, no one envied, no one was malicious, there was no arrogance, there was no contempt; just as children they thought to be thus instructed, as newborns they were so disposed. And why do I speak as in a dim image? If you remember how, when God shook our city, and all were humbled, so then were they disposed; no one was deceitful, no one was wicked. For such is fear, such is affliction. There was not the cold saying, "Mine," and, "Thine." For this reason there was exultation at the table; no one was disposed as eating from his own, no one as from another's; and yet it seems to be a riddle. They neither thought the things of the brethren to be another's; for they were the Lord's; nor their own, but the brethren's. Neither was the poor man ashamed, nor was the rich man puffed up. This is exultation. And the one was disposed as being benefited, and rather being well-treated, and these as being glorified by this, and they were very much bound together with them. For since in the distributions of possessions it happens that both insults, and follies, and griefs arise, for this reason the Apostle said: "Not grudgingly, or of necessity." See, to how many things he bears witness for them! Genuine faith, an upright life, perseverance in hearing, in prayers, in simplicity, in gladness. 3. Two things were sufficient to cast them into despondency, both fasting, and the distribution of possessions. But they rejoiced for both reasons. For who would not have loved those so disposed as common fathers? They brought forth nothing wicked against one another; they entrusted everything to the grace of God. There was no fear, and this when they had been cast into the midst of dangers. Through their simplicity, at any rate, he declared all their virtue, being much greater than both the contempt of possessions, and fasting, and perseverance in prayers. So also they praised God purely, or rather this is to praise God. See also here how they immediately receive their rewards. For to have favor with the people, this is, that they were a certain kind of people who were longed for and beloved. For who would not admire, who would not marvel at a person of simple character, or who would not be bound to one who has no deceit? And of whom else is salvation than of these? Of whom are the great good things? Were not shepherds the first to receive the good news? was not Joseph a simple man, such that, fearing the suspicion of adultery, he did nothing wicked? Did he not choose uncultured, unfeigned men? For, he says, "every simple soul is blessed"; and again, "He who walks in simplicity, walks confidently." Yes, he says; but there is also need of prudence. For what else is

41

πάσῃ ψυχῇ φόβος. Εἰ πάσῃ, καὶ τῶν μὴ πιστευσάντων. Εἰκὸς δὲ αὐτοὺς παθεῖν τοσαύτην ἀθρόον μεταβολὴν ἰδόντας· τάχα δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν σημείων, Οὐχὶ, Ὁμοῦ δὲ, ἀλλ', Ὁμοθυμαδὸν, εἶπεν, ἐπειδὴ ἔνι ὁμοῦ μὲν εἶναί τινας, οὐ μὴν δὲ ὁμοθυμαδὸν, διῃρημένους ταῖς γνώμαις. Λόγοις τε παρεκάλει. Καὶ οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα λέγει τὴν διδασκαλίαν, ἐπιτέμνων τὸν λόγον· ἐξὸν δὲ μανθάνειν, ὅτι ὡς νέους παῖδας ἔτρεφον τῇ τροφῇ τῇ πνευματικῇ. Καὶ ἄγγελοι γεγόνασι λοιπὸν ἐξαίφνης. Καὶ διεμέριζον καθὸ χρείαν τις εἶχεν. Εἶδον, ὅτι τὰ πνευματικὰ κοινὰ, καὶ οὐδεὶς ἕτερος ἑτέρου πλέον ἔχει, καὶ ταχέως ἦλθον ἐπὶ τὸ τὰ αὐτῶν πᾶσι διαδιδόναι. Πάντες δὲ οἱ πιστεύοντες ἦσαν ἐπιτοαυτό. Ὅτι δὲ οὐ τόπῳ ἦσαν ἐπιτοαυτὸ, δῆλον ἐξ ὧν ἐπήγαγε λέγων, Καὶ πάντα εἶχον κοινά. Πάντες δὲ, φησὶν, οὐχ ὁ μὲν, ὁ δὲ οὔ. Τοῦτο πολιτεία ἀγγελικὴ, μηδὲν αὐτῶν λέγειν ἴδιον εἶναι. Ἐντεῦθεν ἡ ῥίζα τῶν κακῶν ἐξεκόπη, καὶ δι' ὧν ἔπραττον 60.66 ἔδειξαν, ὅτι ἤκουσαν. Ἄρα τοῦτο ἦν ὃ ἔλεγε, Σώθητε ἀπὸ τῆς γενεᾶς τῆς σκολιᾶς ταύτης. Καὶ προσετέθησαν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ψυχαὶ ὡσεὶ τρισχίλιαι. Ἐπειδὴ τρισχίλιοι γεγόνασιν, ἐξήγαγον αὐτοὺς λοιπὸν ἔξω, οἳ καὶ μετὰ παῤῥησίας, ἅτε πολλῆς οὔσης ἤδη, καθ' ἡμέραν ἀνῄεσαν καὶ προσήδρευον ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ· ἐπεὶ καὶ Πέτρος καὶ Ἰωάννης μικρὸν ὕστερον τὸ αὐτὸ ποιοῦσιν· οὐδὲν γὰρ τέως παρεκίνουν τῶν Ἰουδαϊκῶν. Καὶ αὐτὴ δὲ ἡ εἰς τὸν τόπον τιμὴ διέβαινε πρὸς τὸν τοῦ ἱεροῦ ∆εσπότην. Εἶδες εὐλαβείας ἐπίδοσιν; Χρήματα ἔῤῥιψαν, καὶ ἔχαιρον, καὶ πολλὴ ἦν ἡ εὐφροσύνη· μείζονα γὰρ ἦν ἃ ἐλάμβανον ἀγαθά. Οὐδεὶς ὠνείδιζεν, οὐδεὶς ἐφθόνει, οὐδεὶς ἐβάσκαινεν, οὐκ ἦν τῦφος, οὐκ ἦν ἐξουδένωσις· καθάπερ παιδία ἐνόμιζον οὕτω παιδεύεσθαι, ὡς ἀρτίτοκοι οὕτω διέκειντο. Καὶ τί ὡς ἐν ἀμυδρᾷ λέγω εἰκόνι; Εἰ μέμνησθε ὡς, ὅτε τὴν πόλιν ἡμῖν ἔσεισεν ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ πάντες ἦσαν συνεσταλμένοι, οὕτω τότε ἐκεῖνοι διέκειντο· οὐδεὶς ὕπουλος ἦν, οὐδεὶς πονηρός. Καὶ γὰρ τοιοῦτον φόβος, τοιοῦτον ἡ θλῖψις. Οὐκ ἦν τὸ ψυχρὸν ῥῆμα τὸ, Ἐμὸν, καὶ τὸ, Σόν. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἀγαλλίασις ἦν ἐπὶ τῆς τραπέζης· οὐδεὶς ὡς ἐξ ἰδίων ἐσθίων διέκειτο, οὐδεὶς ὡς ἐξ ἀλλοτρίων· καίτοι δοκεῖ αἴνιγμα εἶναι. Οὔτε ἀλλότρια ἐνόμιζον εἶναι τὰ τῶν ἀδελφῶν· δεσποτικὰ γὰρ ἦν· οὔτε ἴδια, ἀλλὰ τῶν ἀδελφῶν. Οὔτε ὁ πένης ᾐσχύνετο, οὔτε ὁ πλούσιος ἐτυφοῦτο. Τοῦτό ἐστιν ἀγαλλίασις. Κἀκεῖνος ὡς εὐεργετούμενος διέκειτο, καὶ εὖ πάσχων μᾶλλον, καὶ οὗτοι ὡς δοξαζόμενοι ταύτῃ, καὶ πάνυ πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἦσαν συνδεδεμένοι. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐν ταῖς τῶν χρημάτων διανομαῖς καὶ ὕβρεις, καὶ ἀπονοίας, καὶ λύπας γίνεσθαι συμβαίνει, διὰ τοῦτο ἔλεγεν ὁ Ἀπόστολος· Μὴ ἐκ λύπης, ἢ ἐξ ἀνάγκης. Ὅρα, πόσα αὐτοῖς μαρτυρεῖ; Πίστιν γνησίαν, βίον ὀρθὸν, τὴν ἐν ἀκροάσει καρτερίαν, τὴν ἐν εὐχαῖς, τὴν ἐν ἀφελείᾳ, τὴν ἐν εὐφροσύνῃ. γʹ. ∆ύο ἦν ἱκανὰ ἐμβαλεῖν αὐτοὺς εἰς ἀθυμίαν, ἥ τε νηστεία, καὶ τὸ τὰ χρήματα διαδίδοσθαι. Οἱ δὲ καὶ δι' ἀμφότερα ἔχαιρον. Τίς γὰρ τοὺς οὕτω διακειμένους οὐκ ἂν ἠγάπησεν ὡς πατέρας κοινούς· Οὐδὲν ἔτικτον πονηρὸν κατ' ἀλλήλων· τὸ πᾶν ἐπέτρεπον τῇ χάριτι τοῦ Θεοῦ. Οὐκ ἦν φόβος, καὶ ταῦτα ἐν μέσοις κινδύνοις ἐμβεβληκότων αὐτῶν. ∆ιὰ γοῦν τῆς ἀφελείας τὴν πᾶσαν αὐτῶν ἐδήλωσεν ἀρετὴν, πολὺ καὶ τῆς τῶν χρημάτων ὑπεροψίας, καὶ τῆς νηστείας, καὶ τῆς ἐν ταῖς εὐχαῖς καρτερίας μείζονα οὖσαν. Οὕτω δὲ καὶ καθαρῶς ᾔνουν τὸν Θεὸν, μᾶλλον δὲ τοῦτό ἐστιν αἰνεῖν τὸν Θεόν. Ὅρα δὲ καὶ ἐνταῦθα αὐτοὺς ἀπολαμβάνοντας εὐθέως τὰς ἀμοιβάς. Τὸ γὰρ ἔχειν χάριν πρὸς τὸν λαὸν, τοῦτό ἐστιν, ὅτι ποθεινοί τινες ἦσαν καὶ ἐπέραστοι. Τίς γὰρ οὐκ ἂν ἀγάσαιτο, τίς δὲ οὐκ ἂν θαυμάσειεν ἄνθρωπον τὸ ἦθος ἁπλοῦν, ἢ τίς οὐκ ἂν συνδεθείη τῷ μηδὲν ὕπουλον ἔχοντι; Τίνων δὲ ἄλλων ἐστὶν ἡ σωτηρία ἢ τούτων; τίνων δὲ τὰ μεγάλα ἀγαθά; Οὐχὶ ποιμένες εὐηγγελίσθησαν πρότεροι; οὐχὶ Ἰωσὴφ ἁπλοῦς τις ὢν ἄνθρωπος, ὥστε μὴ διὰ μοιχείας ὑποψίαν φοβηθέντα αὐτὸν ἐργάσασθαί τι πονηρόν; οὐχὶ ἀγροίκους ἐξελέγετο τοὺς ἀπλάστους; Ψυχὴ γὰρ, φησὶν, εὐλογημένη πᾶσα ἁπλῆ· καὶ πάλιν, Ὁ δὲ πορευόμενος ἁπλῶς, πορεύεται πεποιθώς. Ναὶ, φησίν· ἀλλὰ καὶ φρονήσεως δεῖ. Τί γὰρ ἄλλο ἐστὶν