John Chrysostom, On the Acts of the Apostles

in prayer, and hoping for the impulse from above. And you hope, beloved, for the kingdom of heaven, but endure nothing? and you received the Spirit, but do not suffer such things, nor are you in danger? But they, before they could take breath from the former, were again led to other things. And this very thing, not to be puffed up, not to be vainglorious, how great a good it is! to converse with gentleness, how great a gain it is! For indeed not all was of grace, but there were also many proofs of their own earnestness. For that the things of grace shone forth in them, was of their own diligence. 3. See then right from the beginning, how thoughtful Peter is, how sober and watchful, how those who believed cast away their money. They had nothing of their own, they were in prayer, they showed concord, they passed their time in fasting. These things, of what grace? Tell me. For this reason also through them He causes the refutation of their officers to come about; who also, just as in the case of Christ those who were sent said, Never has a man spoken as this man, reported on their return what they saw. But consider here for me both their gentleness, how they yield, and the high priest's feigned opinion. For he supposedly converses with them gently, as being afraid, and wished rather to hinder than to kill them, since he could not do this. And so as to stir up everyone, and to hang over them the peril of the utmost extremes, "Do you wish," he says, "to bring upon us the blood of this man?" Does he still seem to you to be a man? Thus he spoke, showing that the exhortation had become a necessity for them. But see also Peter, what he says: "This one God has exalted with His right hand as a Prince and a Savior, to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins." Here he does not mention the Gentiles, so as not to give an occasion. And they wanted, he says, to kill them. See these again in perplexity, these in anguish; but those in relief and cheerfulness and in delight. They were not simply in anguish, but They were cut to the heart. This then is what it is to suffer ill, to do ill; just as it is possible to see here. These were in bonds, they stood 60.109 before a tribunal, and the judges were in perplexity, in great helplessness. For just as he who strikes adamant, receives the blow himself; so indeed also these. But they saw not only that their boldness was not hindered, but also that the preaching was growing more, and that they spoke undaunted, and gave no handles. Let us then imitate these, beloved, and let us be undaunted in all terrible things. There is nothing terrible to one who fears God, but the terrible things are among those who do not fear. For he who through virtue becomes superior to passions, and runs past present things as a shadow, how will he suffer anything terrible from anyone? Whom then will he fear? Or what will he reckon as terrible things? Therefore let us flee for refuge to this unshaken rock. If someone built a city for us, and put a wall around it; or rather if he moved us to a land where there was no one to trouble us, and there provided all abundance, not allowing us to have any dealings with anyone, he would not have placed us in such great security as Christ has now. Let the city, if you wish, be of bronze, having on all sides a strong and indestructible wall; let no enemy attack it, let it have abundant and fertile land; let there also be an abundance of other things; let the citizens be gentle and kind, and let no evildoer appear there, no thief, no robber, no slanderer, no law court, but simple transactions; and let us inhabit this city; not even thus would it be possible to live in security. Why? Because even with servants, and with a wife, and with children it is necessary to be at odds, and this is an occasion of much despondency. But here there is nothing of the sort; for there was not, there was not that which grieves or that which causes any despondency. But the wonderful thing is, the very things that seemed to cause despondency, these became the causes of all joy and gladness. For tell me, on what account were they to be distressed? And on what account to be vexed? Do you wish that we bring someone into our midst? Let there be one from the consuls,

προσευχῇ, καὶ ἐλπίζοντες ἐπὶ τὴν ἄνωθεν ῥοπήν. Καὶ σὺ ἐλπίζεις, ἀγαπητὲ, βασιλείαν οὐρανῶν, ἀλλ' οὐδὲν ὑπομένεις; καὶ σὺ Πνεῦμα ἔλαβες, ἀλλ' οὐ τοιαῦτα πάσχεις, οὐδὲ κινδυνεύεις; Ἐκεῖνοι δὲ, πρὶν ἢ τῶν προτέρων ἀναπνεῦσαι, πάλιν ἐφ' ἕτερα ἤγοντο. Καὶ τοῦτο δὲ αὐτὸ τὸ μὴ τυφωθῆναι, τὸ μὴ κενοδοξῆσαι, πόσον ἐστὶν ἀγαθόν! τὸ μετὰ ἐπιεικείας διαλέγεσθαι, πόσον ἐστὶ κέρδος! Οὐ γὰρ δὴ πάντα τῆς χάριτος ἦν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς αὐτῶν σπουδῆς πολλὰ τὰ τεκμήρια. Τὸ γὰρ ἐν αὐτοῖς τὰ τῆς χάριτος διαλάμπειν, τῆς αὐτῶν ἐπιμελείας ἦν. γʹ. Ὅρα γοῦν εὐθὺς ἐξ ἀρχῆς, πῶς μεμεριμνημένος ὁ Πέτρος ἐστὶ, πῶς νήφων καὶ ἐγρηγορὼς, πῶς οἱ πιστεύσαντες τὰ χρήματα ἔῤῥιψαν. Οὐδὲν ἴδιον εἶχον, ἐν εὐχῇ ἦσαν, ὁμόνοιαν ἐπεδείκνυντο, ἐν νηστείαις διῆγον. Ταῦτα ποίας χάριτος; εἰπέ μοι. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ δι' αὐτῶν ποιεῖ γενέσθαι τὸν ἔλεγχον τῶν ὑπηρετῶν αὐτῶν· οἳ καὶ ὥσπερ ἐπὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἔλεγον οἱ πεμφθέντες, Οὐδέποτε οὕτως ἄνθρωπος ἐλάλησεν ὡς οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ἀπήγγειλαν ὑποστρέψαντες ἅπερ εἶδον. Σὺ δέ μοι σκόπει ἐνταῦθα καὶ αὐτῶν τὴν ἐπιείκειαν, πῶς εἴκουσι, καὶ τοῦ ἀρχιερέως τὴν πεπλασμένην γνώμην. Ἐπιεικῶς γὰρ δῆθεν αὐτοῖς διαλέγεται, ἅτε φοβούμενος, καὶ κωλῦσαι μᾶλλον ἐβούλετο, ἢ ἀνελεῖν, ἐπειδὴ τοῦτο οὐκ ἠδύνατο. Καὶ ὥστε πάντας κινῆσαι, καὶ περὶ τῶν ἐσχάτων αὐτοῖς ἐπικρεμάσαι τὸν κίνδυνον, Βούλεσθε, φησὶν, ἐπαγαγεῖν ἐφ' ἡμᾶς τὸ αἷμα τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τούτου; Ἔτι ἄνθρωπος εἶναί σοι δοκεῖ; Οὕτως εἶπε, δεικνὺς, ὅτι ἀναγκαία ἡ παρακέλευσις γέγονεν αὐτοῖς. Ἀλλ' ὅρα καὶ τὸν Πέτρον, τί φησιν· Τοῦτον ὁ Θεὸς ἀρχηγὸν καὶ Σωτῆρα ὕψωσε τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ, τοῦ δοῦναι μετάνοιαν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν. Ἐνταῦθα οὐ μέμνηται τῶν ἐθνῶν, ἵνα μὴ δῷ λαβήν. Καὶ ἐβούλοντο, φησὶν, ἀνελεῖν αὐτούς. Ὅρα πάλιν τούτους ἐν ἀπορίᾳ, τούτους ἐν ὀδύνῃ· ἐκείνους δὲ ἐν ἀνέσει καὶ εὐθυμίᾳ καὶ ἐν τρυφῇ. Οὐχ ἁπλῶς ὠδυνῶντο, ἀλλὰ ∆ιεπρίοντο. Τοῦτό ἐστιν ἄρα τὸ, κακῶς παθεῖν τὸ κακῶς ποιεῖν· καθάπερ καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἔστιν ἰδεῖν. Ἐν δεσμοῖς ἦσαν οὗτοι, παρειστή 60.109 κεισαν δικαστηρίῳ, καὶ οἱ δικάζοντες ἦσαν ἐν ἀπορίᾳ, ἐν ἀμηχανίᾳ πολλῇ. Καθάπερ γὰρ ὁ τὸν ἀδάμαντα πλήττων, αὐτὸς λαμβάνει τὴν πληγήν· οὕτω δὴ καὶ οὗτοι. Ἀλλ' ἑώρων οὐ μόνον οὐκ ἐμποδιζομένην αὐτῶν τὴν παῤῥησίαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ μᾶλλον αὐξόμενον τὸ κήρυγμα, καὶ ἀκαταπλήκτως διαλεγομένους αὐτοὺς, καὶ μὴ παρέχοντας λαβάς. Μιμησώμεθα τούτους δὴ καὶ ἡμεῖς, ἀγαπητοὶ, καὶ ἀκατάπληκτοι ἐν πᾶσι γενώμεθα τοῖς δεινοῖς. Οὐκ ἔστι δεινόν τι τῷ φοβουμένῳ τὸν Θεὸν, ἀλλ' ἐν τοῖς μὴ φοβουμένοις ἐστὶ τὰ δεινά. Ὁ γὰρ τῶν παθῶν δι' ἀρετῆς ἀνώτερος γινόμενος, καὶ ὥσπερ σκιὰν τὰ παρόντα παρατρέχων πράγματα, πῶς ὑπό τινος πείσεται δεινόν; τίνα δὲ φοβηθήσεται; ἢ τί τὰ δεινὰ λογιεῖται; Οὐκοῦν καταφύγωμεν ἐπὶ ταύτην τὴν πέτραν τὴν ἄσειστον. Εἰ πόλιν ἡμῖν τις κατεσκεύαζε, καὶ τεῖχος περιετίθει· μᾶλλον δὲ εἰ ἀπῴκιζεν ἡμᾶς εἰς γῆν, ἔνθα μηδεὶς ἦν ὁ ἐνοχλῶν, καὶ πᾶσαν ἐκεῖ παρεῖχε τὴν ἀφθονίαν, οὐκ ἀφεὶς πρὸς οὐδένα πρᾶγμα ἔχειν, οὐκ ἂν ἡμᾶς ἐν τοσαύτῃ κατέστησεν ἀσφαλείᾳ, ἐν ὅσῃ νῦν ὁ Χριστός. Ἔστω γοῦν, εἰ βούλει, καὶ ἡ πόλις χαλκῆ, τεῖχος πάντοθεν ἔχουσα καρτερὸν καὶ ἀνάλωτον· μηδεὶς αὐτῇ προσκείσθω πολέμιος, ἄφθονον ἐχέτω γῆν καὶ λιπαράν· παρέστω δὲ καὶ ἡ τῶν ἄλλων ἀφθονία πραγμάτων· ἔστωσαν καὶ πολῖται ἥμεροι καὶ προσηνεῖς, καὶ μηδεὶς ἐκεῖ φαινέσθω κακοῦργος ἀνὴρ, μὴ κλέπτης, μὴ λωποδύτης, μὴ συκοφάντης, μὴ δικαστήριον, ἀλλὰ συναλλάγματα ἁπλῶς· καὶ ταύτην οἰκῶμεν τὴν πόλιν· οὐκ ἦν οὐδὲ οὕτως ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ ζῇν. ∆ιὰ τί; Ὅτι καὶ πρὸς οἰκέτας, καὶ πρὸς γυναῖκα, καὶ πρὸς παιδία ἀνάγκη διαφέρεσθαι, καὶ πολλῆς ἀθυμίας εἶναι ὑπόθεσιν. Ἐνταῦθα δὲ οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον· οὐ γὰρ ἦν, οὐκ ἦν τὸ λυποῦν οὐδὲ τὸ παρέχον ἀθυμίαν τινά. Ἀλλὰ τὸ θαυμαστὸν, αὐτὰ δὴ τὰ δοκοῦντα παρέχειν ἀθυμίαν, ταῦτα πάσης ἐγίνετο χαρᾶς καὶ εὐφροσύνης αἴτια. Εἰπὲ γάρ μοι, τίνος ἕνεκεν ἔμελλον ἀλύειν ἐκεῖνοι; τίνος δὲ ἕνεκεν δυσχεραίνειν; Βούλει παραγάγωμέν τινα ἐν τῷ μέσῳ; Ἔστω τις ἀπὸ ὑπάτων,