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his face as it were the face of an angel. From where did this grace blossom for Stephen? Was it not from his faith? It is clear that it was; for it was testified of him above, that he was full of faith. But it is possible to have grace and not in healings; wherefore the Apostle also says, To one is given grace, he says, of healings, but to another the word of wisdom. Here it seems to me to be hinted that he was also gracious in person by the saying: They saw his face as it were the face of an angel; of which Barnabas is also a witness. Whence we know that the guileless and artless are especially admired, and that these are the more gracious. Then they suborned men, who said, We have heard him speak blasphemous words. In the case of the apostles, they said that they proclaimed the resurrection, and that a great crowd was flocking to them; but here, that they were being healed. O, the folly! For those things for which they ought to have given thanks, for these they found fault, and those who prevailed by deeds they expected to overcome by words (which they also did in the case of Christ), and they always threw themselves into arguments. For they were ashamed to seize them outright, having nothing to charge them with. And see how not even the judges themselves testify; for they would have been convicted; but they simply hire others, so that the matter might not seem to be one of spite. One may see the same thing having happened in the case of Christ also. Did you see the power of the preaching, and how it prevails not only when they are scourged, but also when they are stoned; not only when brought to court, but also when driven out from all sides? For this reason, even when they brought false witnesses, not only did they not prevail, but they were not even strong enough to resist, although being exceedingly shameless; so completely did it overpower them, and this while they were doing many incredible things (as also in the case of Christ), who also did everything for his death, so that it became clear to all that the battle was not human, but of God against men. But consider what the false witnesses say, who were set up by those who murderously seized him and brought him to the Sanhedrin. We have heard him speak blasphemous words against Moses and against God. O shameless ones; you do things that are blasphemous against God, and you do not care; and you pretend to care for Moses? For this reason Moses is added, since they did not greatly care for the things of God, and they mention Moses up and down, saying, This Moses, who brought us out, stirring up the fickle nature of the crowd. And yet how could a blasphe- 60.123 mous man have prevailed? And how could such a blasphemous man perform such signs among the people? But such is envy, making those caught by it senseless, so that they do not even comprehend what they are saying. We have heard him, they say, speak blasphemous words against Moses and against God; and again, This man does not cease speaking words against the holy place and the law, and with the addition, which Moses delivered to us; no longer God. 3. Do you see how they accuse him of subverting the state and of impiety? But that it was not for such a man to say such things and with boldness, is surely clear to everyone; so gentle he was, even from his countenance. Where, then, they were not slandered, the Scripture says nothing of the sort; but since everything here is slander, God reasonably corrects it even through his very appearance. So then, the apostles were not slandered, but were hindered; but this man is slandered; for this very reason his appearance makes a defense before all else. Perhaps this also put the priest to shame. But by saying that He promised, he shows that the promise was made before the place, before circumcision, before sacrifice, before the temple, and that not according to worth did these men receive either circumcision or the law, but the land was the reward of obedience alone. But not even when circumcision was given is the promise fulfilled. And that they were types, both the leaving of his country, at God's command, and his kindred (for that is a fatherland, where God leads), and the not receiving an inheritance here; and that, if one were to examine accurately, the Jews are Persians; and that one must obey God when He speaks, without signs, even if certain terrible things happen; since the patriarch also, leaving his ancestral tomb and everything, obeyed God. But if his father did not

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αὐτοῦ ὡσεὶ πρόσωπον ἀγγέλου. Πόθεν ἡ χάρις τῷ Στεφάνῳ ἐπήνθει; ἆρ' οὐκ ἀπὸ τῆς πίστεως; Εὔδηλον ὅτι· ἐμαρτύρησε γὰρ αὐτῷ ἄνω, ὅτι πλήρης πίστεως ἦν. Ἔστι δὲ χάριν ἔχειν καὶ οὐκ ἐν ἰάσεσι· διὸ καὶ ὁ Ἀπόστολος, Ὧ μὲν χάρις δίδοται, φησὶν, ἰαμάτων, ἄλλῳ δὲ λόγος σοφίας. Ἐνταῦθα δέ μοι δοκεῖ καὶ ἐπίχαριν αὐτὸν εἶναι αἰνίττεσθαι τῷ λέγειν· Εἶδον τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ὡσεὶ πρόσωπον ἀγγέλου· ὃ καὶ Βαρνάβας μαρτυρεῖται. Ὅθεν τοὺς ἀπλάστους τε καὶ ἀπονήρους μάλιστα ἴσμεν θαυμαζομένους, καὶ τούτους μᾶλλον ἐπιχάριτας ὄντας. Τότε ὑπέβαλον ἄνδρας λέγοντας, ὅτι Ἀκηκόαμεν αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος ῥήματα βλάσφημα. Ἐπὶ μὲν τῶν ἀποστόλων ἔλεγον, ὅτι τὴν ἀνάστασιν κατήγγελλον, καὶ ὅτι πολὺς ὄχλος ἐπέῤῥει· ἐνταῦθα δὲ, ὅτι ἐθεραπεύοντο. Ὢ τῆς ἀνοίας! ὑπὲρ ὧν εὐχαριστεῖν ἔδει, ὑπὲρ τούτων ἐμέμφοντο, καὶ τοὺς διὰ τῶν ἔργων κρατοῦντας προσεδόκων κρατήσειν διὰ τῶν λόγων (ὅπερ καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐποίουν), καὶ ἀεὶ εἰς λόγους αὑτοὺς ἐνέβαλλον. Ἁρπάσαι γὰρ αὐτοὺς ἁπλῶς ᾐσχύνοντο, οὐδὲν ἔχοντες ἐγκαλεῖν. Καὶ ὅρα, πῶς οὐδὲ αὐτοὶ οἱ δικάζοντες μαρτυροῦσιν· ἠλέγχθησαν γὰρ ἄν· ἀλλ' ἁπλῶς ἑτέρους μισθοῦνται, ἵνα μὴ δόξῃ ἐπηρείας εἶναι τὸ πρᾶγμα. Τὸ αὐτὸ γεγονὸς ἴδοι τις ἂν καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ. Εἶδες τοῦ κηρύγματος τὴν δύναμιν, καὶ πῶς οὐχὶ μαστιζομένων μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ λιθαζομένων κρατεῖ, οὐδὲ εἰς δικαστήριον ἀγομένων, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐλαυνομένων πάντοθεν; Ἐντεῦθεν, καὶ ψευδομαρτυρούντων αὐτῶν, οὐ μόνον οὐκ ἐκράτουν, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἀντιστῆναι ἴσχυον, καίτοι σφόδρα ἀναίσχυντοι ὄντες· οὕτως αὐτοὺς κατὰ κράτος εἷλε, καὶ ταῦτα πολλὰ πράττοντας ἀπίθανα (ὡς καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ), οἳ καὶ πάντα πρὸς θάνατον ἔπραττον τὸν αὐτοῦ, ὡς λοιπὸν δῆλον γενέσθαι πᾶσιν, ὅτι οὐκ ἦν ἀνθρωπίνη ἡ μάχη, ἀλλὰ Θεοῦ πρὸς ἀνθρώπους. Σκόπει δὲ καὶ τί φασιν οἱ συστάντες ψευδομάρτυρες ὑπὸ τῶν φονικῶς συναρπασάντων αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ συνέδριον. Ἀκηκόαμεν αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος ῥήματα βλάσφημα εἰς Μωσῆν καὶ τὸν Θεόν. Ὦ ἀναίσχυντοι· πράγματα ποιεῖτε βλάσφημα εἰς τὸν Θεὸν, καὶ οὐ φροντίζετε· καὶ Μωσέως φροντίζειν προσποιεῖσθε; ∆ιὰ τοῦτο πρόσκειται Μωσῆς, ἐπειδὴ τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ οὐ σφόδρα αὐτοῖς ἔμελε, καὶ ἄνω καὶ κάτω Μωσέως μέμνηνται, Ὁ Μωσῆς, λέγοντες, οὗτος, ὃς ἐξήγαγεν ἡμᾶς, τὸ εὐρίπιστον τοῦ ὄχλου ἀνερεθίζοντες. Καίτοι πῶς ἄνθρωπος βλάσ 60.123 φημος ἂν περιεγένετο; πῶς δὲ καὶ ὁ οὕτω βλάσφημος σημεῖα ἐποίει τοιαῦτα ἐν τῷ λαῷ; Ἀλλὰ τοιοῦτον ἡ βασκανία, ἔκφρονας τοὺς ἁλόντας ποιοῦσα, ὡς μηδὲ ἃ φθέγγονται συνορᾷν. Ἀκηκόαμεν αὐτοῦ, φασὶ, λαλοῦντος ῥήματα βλάσφημα εἰς Μωσῆν καὶ τὸν Θεόν· καὶ πάλιν, Οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὐ παύεται ῥήματα λαλῶν κατὰ τοῦ τόπου τοῦ ἁγίου καὶ τοῦ νόμου, καὶ μετὰ προσθήκης, Ἃ παρέδωκεν ἡμῖν Μωσῆς· οὐκέτι ὁ Θεός. γʹ. Ὁρᾷς, πῶς ἐπὶ ἀνατροπῇ πολιτείας καὶ ἀσεβείας αὐτοῦ κατηγοροῦσιν; Ὅτι δὲ οὐκ ἦν τοῦ τοιούτου τοιαῦτα λέγειν καὶ θρασέως, παντί που δῆλον· οὕτως ἥμερος καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ προσώπου ἦν. Ἔνθα μὲν οὖν οὐκ ἐσυκοφαντοῦντο, οὐδὲν τοιοῦτόν φησιν ἡ Γραφή· ἐπεὶ δὲ τὸ πᾶν ἐνταῦθα συκοφαντία ἐστὶν, εἰκότως αὐτὴν διορθοῦται ὁ Θεὸς καὶ δι' αὐτῆς τῆς ὄψεως. Ἄρα οἱ ἀπόστολοι οὐκ ἐσυκοφαντοῦντο, ἀλλ' ἐκωλύοντο· οὗτος δὲ συκοφαντεῖται· διά τοι τοῦτο καὶ πρὸ πάντων ἡ ὄψις ἀπολογεῖται. Τάχα τοῦτο καὶ τὸν ἱερέα ἐνέτρεψεν. Εἰπὼν δὲ, ὅτι Ἐπηγγείλατο, δείκνυσι τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν πρὸ τοῦ τόπου γεγενημένην, πρὸ τῆς περιτομῆς, πρὸ θυσίας, πρὸ τοῦ ναοῦ, καὶ ὅτι οὐ κατ' ἀξίαν οὗτοι ἔλαβον οὐδὲ περιτομὴν οὐδὲ νόμον, ἀλλὰ τῆς ὑπακοῆς μόνης μισθὸς ἦν ἡ γῆ. Ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τῆς περιτομῆς δοθείσης, ἡ ἐπαγγελία πληροῦται. Καὶ ὅτι τύποι ἦσαν, καὶ τὸ τὴν πατρίδα ἀφεῖναι, τοῦ Θεοῦ κελεύσαντος, καὶ συγγένειαν (ἐκείνη γὰρ πατρὶς, ἔνθα ἂν ἡγῆται Θεὸς), καὶ τὸ κληρονομίαν ἐνταῦθα μὴ λαβεῖν· καὶ ὅτι, εἴ τις ἀκριβῶς ἐξετάζοι, Πέρσαι εἰσὶν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι· καὶ ὅτι χωρὶς σημείων πείθεσθαι δεῖ τῷ Θεῷ λέγοντι, κἂν δεινά τινα συμβαίνῃ· ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ πατριάρχης καὶ τὸν τάφον καταλιπὼν τὸν πατρῷον καὶ πάντα, ἐπείθετο τῷ Θεῷ. Εἰ δὲ ὁ τούτου πατὴρ οὐκ