92

Pharaoh, and she brought him up for herself as a son. Nowhere a temple, nowhere a sacrifice, though so many dispensations were taking place. And he was brought up in a barbarian's house. And Moses was learned in all the wisdom of the Egyptians; and he was mighty in words and in deeds. It occurs to me to wonder, how he was there for forty years and was not caught because of his circumcision; or rather, how being in safety, both he and Joseph disregard their own affairs, so that they might save others. And when he was a full forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his brethren the children of Israel. And seeing one of them suffer wrong, he defended him, and avenged him that was oppressed, and smote the Egyptian. For he supposed his brethren would have understood how that God by his hand would deliver them; but they understood not. See, how for the time he does not seem burdensome, but he discourses so much, and they bear to listen; so he captivated them with the grace of his person. He supposed, it says, that his brethren would understand. And yet the leadership was by his deeds, and there was no need of understanding here; but still they did not understand even so. Do you see how he discourses with gentleness, and how, having shown his anger upon that one, he shows his mildness upon this one? And the next day he showed himself to them as they strove, and would have set them at one again, saying, Sirs, you are brethren; why do you wrong one another? But he that did his neighbor wrong thrust him away, saying, Who made you a ruler and a judge over us? Will you kill me, as you killed the Egyptian yesterday? With the same mind they are seen saying the same things also to Christ: We have no king but Caesar. Thus it is always the custom for Jews to do, even when receiving benefits. Did you see their folly? They slander the one about to save them, through what they say, As you killed the Egyptian yesterday. And Moses fled at this saying, and was a stranger in the land of Midian, where he begat two sons. He flees, and not even the flight extinguished the dispensation, just as death did not. And when forty years were expired, there appeared to him in the wilderness of mount Sinai an angel of the Lord in a flame of fire in a bush. 3. Do you see how the dispensation is not interrupted even by time? For when he was an exile, when a stranger, when he had spent a long time in the foreign land, so as to have two children, when he no longer expected to return, then an angel appears to him. He calls the Son of God an angel, just as he also calls him a man. And where does he appear? In the wilderness, not in a temple. Do you see how many wonders occur, and nowhere a temple, nowhere a sacrifice? And not even here in the wilderness simply, but in the bush. When Moses saw it, he wondered at the sight; and as he drew near to behold it, the voice of the Lord came. Behold, he was also counted worthy of a voice. I am the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. Not only here does he show that the angel who appeared to him was the Angel of great counsel; but he also shows how great is the love for humanity that God works through the appearance. Then Moses trembled, and dared not behold. Then said the Lord to him, Put off your shoes from your feet. For the place where you stand is holy ground. Nowhere a temple, and the place is holy by the appearance and ener 60.131 gy of Christ. This is much more wonderful than the place in the Holy of Holies; for there God nowhere appeared so, nowhere was Moses so terrified. Did you see the love for humanity? See then also the care. I have seen, I have seen the affliction of my people, he says, which is in Egypt, and I have heard their groaning, and am come down to deliver them. And now come, I will send you into Egypt. See how he shows that both by benefits, and by punishments, and by wonders he led them; but they were the same. Thus we learn from this that God is present everywhere. Hearing these things, let us also in our afflictions take refuge in him. For I have heard their groaning, he says. He did not simply say, I heard, but, on account of their calamities. But if someone should say, And for what reason did he allow them to be so afflicted? let him hear, that most of all for every righteous person the

92

Φαραὼ, καὶ ἀνεθρέψατο αὐτὸν ἑαυτῇ εἰς υἱόν. Οὐδαμοῦ ναὸς, οὐδαμοῦ θυσία, τοσούτων οἰκονομιῶν γενομένων. Καὶ ἀνετράφη ἐν οἴκῳ βαρβαρικῷ. Καὶ ἐπαιδεύθη Μωϋσῆς πάσῃ σοφίᾳ Αἰγυπτίων· ἦν δὲ δυνατὸς ἐν λόγοις καὶ ἔργοις. Ἐμοὶ θαυμάζειν ἐπέρχεται, πῶς τεσσαράκοντα ἔτη ἦν ἐκεῖ, καὶ οὐχ ἑάλω ἐκ τῆς περιτομῆς· μᾶλλον δὲ, πῶς ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ ὄντες τὰ αὑτῶν παρορῶσι καὶ οὗτος καὶ ὁ Ἰωσὴφ, ἵνα καὶ ἑτέρους σώσωσιν. Ὡς δὲ ἐπληροῦτο αὐτῷ τεσσαρακονταετὴς χρόνος, ἀνέβη ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ ἐπισκέψασθαι τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἰσραήλ. Καὶ ἰδών τινα ἀδικούμενον, ἠμύνατο, καὶ ἐποίησεν ἐκδίκησιν τῷ καταπονουμένῳ, πατάξας τὸν Αἰγύπτιον. Ἐνόμιζε δὲ συνιέναι τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς διὰ χειρὸς αὐτοῦ δίδωσιν αὐτοῖς σωτηρίαν· οἱ δὲ οὐ συνῆκαν. Ὅρα, πῶς τέως οὐ δοκεῖ φορτικὸς, ἀλλὰ τοσαῦτα δημηγορεῖ, καὶ ἀκούειν ἀνέχονται· οὕτως αὐτοὺς τῇ τοῦ προσώπου χάριτι εἷλεν. Ἐνόμιζε, φησὶ, συνιέναι τοὺς ἀδελφούς. Καίτοι διὰ τῶν ἔργων ἡ προστασία ἐγένετο, καὶ οὐκ ἦν συνέσεως ἐνταῦθα χρεία· ἀλλ' ὅμως οὐδὲ οὕτως συνίεσαν. Ὁρᾷς, πῶς μετὰ ἐπιεικείας διαλέγεται, καὶ πῶς δείξας τὸν θυμὸν ἐπ' ἐκείνου, δείκνυσι τὸ ἥμερον ἐπὶ τούτου; Τῇ τε ἐπιούσῃ ἡμέρᾳ ὤφθη αὐτοῖς μαχομένοις, καὶ συνήλασεν αὐτοὺς εἰς εἰρήνην, εἰπών· Ἄνδρες, ἀδελφοί ἐστε, ἱνατί ἀδικεῖτε ἀλλήλους; Ὁ δὲ ἀδικῶν τὸν πλησίον ἀπώσατο αὐτὸν, εἰπών· Τίς σε κατέστησεν ἄρχοντα καὶ δικαστὴν ἐφ' ἡμᾶς; Μὴ ἀνελεῖν με σὺ θέλεις, ὃν τρόπον ἀνεῖλες χθὲς τὸν Αἰγύπτιον; Ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆς γνώμης τὰ αὐτὰ καὶ πρὸς τὸν Χριστὸν φαίνονται λέγοντες· Οὐκ ἔχομεν βασιλέα, εἰ μὴ Καίσαρα. Οὕτως ἔθος ἀεὶ ποιεῖν Ἰουδαίοις καὶ εὐεργετουμένοις. Εἶδες ἄνοιαν; τὸν μέλλοντα σώζειν αὐτοὺς διαβάλλουσι, δι' ὧν φασιν, Ὃν τρόπον ἀνεῖλες χθὲς τὸν Αἰγύπτιον. Καὶ ἔφυγε Μωϋσῆς ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ· καὶ ἐγένετο πάροικος ἐν γῇ Μαδιὰμ, οὗ ἐγέννησεν υἱοὺς δύο. Φεύγει, καὶ οὐδὲ ἡ φυγὴ ἔσβεσε τὴν οἰκονομίαν, ὥσπερ οὖν οὐδὲ ὁ θάνατος. Καὶ πληρωθέντων ἐτῶν τεσσαράκοντα, ὤφθη αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ τοῦ ὄρους Σινᾶ ἄγγελος Κυρίου ἐν φλογὶ πυρὸς βάτου. γʹ. Ὁρᾷς, πῶς οὐδὲ χρόνῳ διακόπτεται ἡ οἰκονομία; Ὅτε γὰρ φυγὰς ἦν, ὅτε ξένος, ὅτε πολὺν χρόνον ἐπὶ τῆς ἀλλοτρίας πεποίηκεν, ὡς καὶ παῖδας ποιῆσαι δύο, ὅτε οὐκέτι προσεδόκησεν ἀναστρέφειν, τότε ἄγγελος αὐτῷ ἐπιφαίνεται. Τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἄγγελον καλεῖ, καθάπερ καὶ ἄνθρωπον. Καὶ ποῦ φαίνεται; Ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, οὐκ ἐν ναῷ. Ὁρᾷς, πόσα γίνεται θαύματα, καὶ οὐδαμοῦ ναὸς, οὐδαμοῦ θυσία; Καὶ οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἁπλῶς, ἀλλ' ἐν τῇ βάτῳ. Ὁ δὲ Μωϋσῆς ἰδὼν, ἐθαύμασε τὸ ὅραμα· προσερχομένου δὲ αὐτοῦ κατανοῆσαι, ἐγένετο φωνὴ Κυρίου. Ἰδοὺ καὶ φωνῆς ἠξιώθη. Ἐγὼ ὁ Θεὸς τῶν πατέρων σου, ὁ Θεὸς Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ ὁ Θεὸς Ἰακώβ. Οὐ μόνον ἐνταῦθα δείκνυσιν, ὅτι ὁ ὀφθεὶς αὐτῷ ἄγγελος ἦν ὁ μεγάλης βουλῆς Ἄγγελος· ἀλλὰ δείκνυσι καὶ τὴν φιλανθρωπίαν ὅσην ποιεῖται ὁ Θεὸς διὰ τῆς ἐπιφανείας. Ἔντρομος δὲ γενόμενος Μωϋσῆς, οὐκ ἐτόλμα κατανοῆσαι. Εἶπε δὲ αὐτῷ ὁ Κύριος· Λῦσον τὸ ὑπόδημα τῶν ποδῶν σου. Ὁ γὰρ τόπος, ἐν ᾧ ἕστηκας, γῆ ἁγία ἐστίν. Οὐδαμοῦ ναὸς, καὶ ὁ τόπος ἅγιος τῇ ἐπιφανείᾳ καὶ ἐνερ 60.131 γείᾳ τοῦ Χριστοῦ. Πολλῷ θαυμασιώτερον τοῦτο τοῦ τόπου ἐν τοῖς Ἁγίοις τῶν ἁγίων· ἐκεῖ γὰρ οὐδαμοῦ ἐφάνη οὕτως ὁ Θεὸς, οὐδαμοῦ οὕτως ἔντρομος γέγονε Μωϋσῆς. Εἶδες τὴν φιλανθρωπίαν; Ὅρα λοιπὸν καὶ τὴν κηδεμονίαν. Ἰδὼν εἶδον τὴν κάκωσιν τοῦ λαοῦ μου, φησὶ, τοῦ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ, καὶ τοῦ στεναγμοῦ αὐτῶν ἤκουσα, καὶ κατέβην ἐξελέσθαι αὐτούς. Καὶ νῦν δεῦρο, ἀποστείλω σε εἰς Αἴγυπτον. Ὅρα, πῶς δείκνυσιν, ὅτι καὶ δι' εὐεργεσιῶν, καὶ διὰ κολάσεων καὶ διὰ θαυμάτων ἐπήγετο αὐτούς· οἱ δὲ οἱ αὐτοὶ ἦσαν. Οὕτως ἐντεῦθεν μανθάνομεν, ὅτι πανταχοῦ πάρεστιν ὁ Θεός. Ταῦτα ἀκούοντες, καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐν ταῖς θλίψεσι πρὸς αὐτὸν καταφεύγωμεν. Καὶ τοῦ στεναγμοῦ γὰρ αὐτῶν, φησὶν, ἤκουσα. Οὐχ ἁπλῶς εἶπεν, Ἤκουσα, ἀλλὰ, διὰ τὰς συμφοράς. Εἰ δέ τις λέγοι, Καὶ τίνος ἕνεκεν αὐτοὺς εἴασε κακωθῆναι οὕτως; ἀκουέτω, ὅτι μάλιστα μὲν οὖν παντὶ δικαίῳ αἱ