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For if after so many things a dispute arises both in Caesarea and in Jerusalem, what would not have happened, if these things had not followed? For this reason also these things happen with hyperbole. But see how Peter also, taking the occasion, makes his defense. But that he answers after the occasion, hear the evangelist relating and saying: Then Peter answered; Can any man forbid water, that these should not be baptized, which have received the Holy Ghost as well as we? Did you see where he brought the matter, and how he was in travail to bring this forth? So long had he been of this mind. Can any man, he says, forbid water? For it is almost as if he were treading upon those who were hindering and saying that this ought not to happen. The whole has happened, he says, the most necessary thing has happened, the baptism with which we also were baptized. And he commanded them to be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ. After making his defense, then he commanded 60.185 them to be baptized, teaching them through the events; so hostile were the Jews. For this reason he first makes a defense, although the facts cried out, and then he commanded. Then they asked him to remain for some days. From this point on he is reasonably confident and remains. Now the apostles and the brethren that were in Judaea heard that the Gentiles had also received the word of God. And when Peter was come up to Jerusalem, they that were of the circumcision contended with him, saying, You went in to men uncircumcised, and ate with them. After so many things. They of the circumcision contended, not the apostles. What is, They contended? They were scandalized, he says, not a little. And see what they bring forward. They do not say, Why did you preach? but, Why did you eat with them? But Peter does not address this frigid point (for it was truly frigid), but that great one, saying, If they also partook of the Spirit, how was it not possible to impart this? How then did this not happen in the case of the Samaritans, but the contrary? for not only did it not happen before baptism, but not even after baptism. and they were not indignant, but rather on hearing they sent for this very purpose. But not even here do they make this accusation; for they knew that it was of divine grace; but, Why, they say, did you eat with them? Besides, the difference between Samaritans and Gentiles is great and infinite. Or perhaps his being accused happens by way of economy, so that these might learn; for Peter would not have simply said it. But see his freedom from pride and vainglory. For Peter, it says, beginning, set it forth to them in order, saying: I was in the city of Joppa praying. And he does not say why, nor for what reason. And I saw in a trance a vision, a certain vessel descending, as it had been a great sheet, let down from heaven by four corners; and it came even to me. Upon which when I had fastened my eyes, I considered, and saw four-footed beasts of the earth, and wild beasts, and creeping things, and fowls of the air, and I heard a voice saying unto me, Arise, Peter, slay and eat. What does he wish to say through these things? It was sufficient, he says, to persuade even this, the seeing of the sheet; nevertheless a voice was also added. But I said; By no means, Lord: for nothing common or unclean has at any time entered into my mouth. Do you see? I did my part, he says; I said that I never ate. This is in response to what they were saying, that You went in and ate with them. But this he does not say to Cornelius; for there was no need. But the voice answered me again from heaven, What God has cleansed, do not you call common. And this was done three times: and all were drawn up again into heaven. And, behold, immediately there were three men already come unto the house where I was, sent from Caesarea unto me. He relates what was necessary, but is silent about the rest; or rather, through these he also establishes them. And see how he makes his defense, and does not think it right to use the dignity of a teacher; for he knew that the more gently he speaks, the more he wins them over. Never, he says, has anything common or unclean entered my mouth. Thus the entire defense was one of economy. And, behold, immediately three men stood at the house where I was. And the Spirit told me to go with them, making no distinction. 2. Do you see that of the Spirit is the

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γὰρ μετὰ τοσαῦτα καὶ ἐν Καισαρείᾳ καὶ ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις ἀμφισβήτησις γίνεται, τί οὐκ ἂν ἐγεγόνει, εἰ μὴ ταῦτα παρηκολούθησε; ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ μεθ' ὑπερβολῆς ταῦτα γίνεται. Ὅρα δὲ πῶς καὶ ὁ Πέτρος λαβὼν ἀφορμὴν ἀπολογεῖται. Ὅτι δὲ μετὰ τὴν ἀφορμὴν ἀποκρίνεται, ἄκουε τοῦ εὐαγγελιστοῦ διηγουμένου καὶ λέγοντος· Τότε ἀπεκρίθη Πέτρος· Μήτι τὸ ὕδωρ κωλῦσαι δύναταί τις τοῦ μὴ βαπτισθῆναι τούτους, οἵτινες τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον ἔλαβον ὡς καὶ ἡμεῖς; Εἶδες ποῦ τὸ πρᾶγμα ἀνήνεγκε, καὶ πῶς ὤδινεν ἐξενεγκεῖν τοῦτο; Οὕτω πάλαι τῆς γνώμης ταύτης ἦν. Μήτι τὸ ὕδωρ, φησὶ, κωλῦσαι δύναταί τις; Σχεδὸν γὰρ ὥσπερ ἐπεμβαίνοντός ἐστι τοῖς κωλύουσι καὶ λέγουσιν, ὅτι οὐ χρὴ τοῦτο γενέσθαι. Τὸ πᾶν γέγονε, φησὶ, τὸ ἀναγκαιότερον γέγονε, τὸ βάπτισμα ὃ καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐβαπτίσθημεν. Προσέταξέ τε αὐτοὺς βαπτισθῆναι ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ. Μετὰ τὸ ἀπολογήσασθαι, τότε αὐτοῖς προσ 60.185 έταξε βαπτισθῆναι, παιδεύων αὐτοὺς διὰ τῶν πραγμάτων· τοσοῦτον ἀπεχθῶς εἶχον οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο πρότερον ἀπολογεῖται, καίτοι τῶν πραγμάτων βοώντων, καὶ τότε προσέταξε. Τότε ἐρώτησαν αὐτὸν ἐπιμεῖναι ἡμέρας τινάς. Ἐντεῦθεν εἰκότως καὶ θαῤῥεῖ λοιπὸν καὶ ἐπιμένει. Ἤκουσαν δὲ οἱ ἀπόστολοι καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ οἱ ὄντες κατὰ τὴν Ἰουδαίαν, ὅτι καὶ τὰ ἔθνη ἐδέξαντο τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ. Καὶ ὅτε ἀνέβη Πέτρος εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα, διεκρίνοντο πρὸς αὐτὸν οἱ ἐκ περιτομῆς, λέγοντες, ὅτι Πρὸς ἄνδρας ἀκροβυστίαν ἔχοντας εἰσῆλθες, καὶ συνέφαγες αὐτοῖς. Μετὰ τ[οσ]αῦτα ∆ιεκρίνοντο οἱ ἐκ περιτομῆς, οὐχ οἱ ἀπόστολοι. Τί ἐστι, ∆ιεκρίνοντο; Ἐσκανδαλίζοντο, φησὶν, οὐ μικρῶς. Καὶ θέα, τί προβάλλονται. Οὐ λέγουσι, ∆ιὰ τί κατήγγειλας; ἀλλὰ, ∆ιὰ τί συνέφαγες; Ὁ δὲ Πέτρος οὐ πρὸς τοῦτο ἵσταται τὸ ψυχρὸν (ψυχρὸν γὰρ ὄντως ἦν), ἀλλὰ πρὸς ἐκεῖνο τὸ μέγα, λέγων, ὅτι Εἰ Πνεύματος μετέλαβον καὶ αὐτοὶ, πῶς τούτου μεταδοῦναι οὐκ ἦν; Πῶς οὖν ἐπὶ τῶν Σαμαρειτῶν τοῦτο οὐ γέγονεν, ἀλλὰ τοὐναντίον; καὶ γὰρ οὐ μόνον πρὸ τοῦ βαπτίσματος οὐκ ἐγένετο, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ μετὰ τὸ βάπτισμα. καὶ οὐκ ἠγανάκτησαν, ἀλλὰ μᾶλλον ἀκούσαντες ἔπεμψεν ἐπὶ τοῦτο αὐτό. Ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα τοῦτο ἐγκαλοῦσιν· ᾔδεισαν γὰρ ὅτι θείας χάριτος ἦν· ἀλλὰ, ∆ιὰ τί, φασὶ, συνέφαγες; Ἄλλως δὲ πολὺ καὶ ἄπειρον τὸ διάφορον Σαμαρειτῶν καὶ ἐθνῶν. Ἢ καὶ οἰκονομικῶς γίνεται τὸ ἐγκληθῆναι αὐτὸν, ἵν' οὗτοι μάθωσιν· οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἁπλῶς Πέτρος εἶπεν. Ὅρα δὲ αὐτοῦ τὸ ἄτυφον καὶ ἀκενόδοξον. Ἀρξάμενος γὰρ, φησὶ, Πέτρος ἐξετίθετο αὐτοῖς καθεξῆς, λέγων· Ἐγὼ ἤμην ἐν πόλει Ἰόππῃ προσευχόμενος. Καὶ οὐ λέγει διὰ τί, οὐδὲ ἐπὶ ποίᾳ προφάσει. Καὶ εἶδον ἐν ἐκστάσει ὅραμα, καταβαῖνόν τι σκεῦος ὡς ὀθόνην μεγάλην τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς καθιεμένην ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ ἦλθεν ἄχρις ἐμοῦ. Εἰς ἣν ἀτενίσας κατενόουν, καὶ εἶδον τὰ τετράποδα τῆς γῆς, καὶ τὰ θηρία, καὶ τὰ ἑρπετὰ, καὶ τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, ἤκουσα δὲ φωνῆς λεγούσης μοι· Ἀναστὰς, Πέτρε, θῦσον καὶ φάγε. Τί διὰ τούτων εἰπεῖν βούλεται; Ἱκανὸν ἦν, φησὶ, καὶ τοῦτο πεῖσαι, τὸ θεάσασθαι τὴν ὀθόνην· πλὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ φωνὴ προσετέθη. Εἶπον δέ· Μηδαμῶς, Κύριε, ὅτι κοινὸν ἢ ἀκάθαρτον οὐδέποτε εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸ στόμα μου. Ὁρᾷς; Τὸ ἐμὸν ἐποίησα, φησίν· εἶπον, ὅτι οὐδέποτε ἔφαγον. Τοῦτο πρὸς ὃ ἔλεγον ἐκεῖνοι, ὅτι Εἰσῆλθες καὶ συνέφαγες αὐτοῖς. Τοῦτο δὲ πρὸς Κορνήλιον οὐ λέγει· οὐ γὰρ ἦν ἀνάγκη. Ἀπεκρίθη δέ μοι ἐκ δευτέρου φωνὴ ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ· Ἃ ὁ Θεὸς ἐκαθάρισε, σὺ μὴ κοίνου. Τοῦτο δὲ ἐγένετο ἐπὶ τρὶς, καὶ πάλιν ἀνεσπάσθη ἅπαντα εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν. Καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐξ αὐτῆς τρεῖς ἄνδρες ἐπέστησαν ἐπὶ τὴν οἰκίαν, ἐν ᾖ ἤμην, ἀπεσταλμένοι ἀπὸ Καισαρείας πρός με. Ἅπερ ἀναγκαῖα ἦν διηγεῖται, τὰ ἄλλα δὲ σιωπᾷ· μᾶλλον δὲ διὰ τούτων καὶ αὐτὰ κατασκευάζει. Καὶ ὅρα, πῶς ἀπολογεῖται, καὶ οὐκ ἀξιοῖ τῷ τοῦ διδασκάλου ἀξιώματι κεχρῆσθαι· ᾔδει γὰρ ὅτι, ὅσῳ ἐπιεικέστερον φθέγγεται, τοσούτῳ μᾶλλον αὐτοὺς χειροῦται. Οὐδέποτε εἰσῆλθε, φησὶν, εἰς τὸ στόμα μου κοινὸν ἢ ἀκάθαρτον. Οὕτως οἰκονομίας πᾶσα ἦν ἡ ἀπολογία. Καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐξ αὐτῆς τρεῖς ἄνδρες ἐπέστησαν ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ, ἐν ᾗ ἤμην. Εἶπε δέ μοι τὸ Πνεῦμα συνελθεῖν αὐτοῖς μηδὲν διακρινόμενον. βʹ. Ὁρᾷς, ὅτι Πνεύματος ἡ