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his Christ. And John calls the incarnation of Christ, his manifestation in the flesh, an entrance, saying, Before the face of his entrance. So also John, writing the Gospel, continually has recourse to him; for his name was great throughout the whole world. And observe: he does not say it from himself, but brings forward his testimony. 60.217 γʹ. Do you see how diligently he showed the matter to be one of dispensation? But let us hear what the apostles also said to persuade, that he was crucified. What is more incredible than this, that he was buried by them to whom he promised salvation would come, that the one who was buried forgives sins, and more so than the law? Therefore he did not say, From which you were not willing; but, From which you could not be justified by the law of Moses, by this one everyone who believes is justified, showing the weakness of the law. And he well added the word, Every, to show that it is whoever believes. For there is no benefit from those things, unless there is some good deed. For this reason he places remission afterwards, from this deducing the greater point, and showing that what the law was unable to do, this the suffering one is seen to have accomplished through death. So that he spoke well: Who are his witnesses to the people, to those who killed him, he says, which they would not have been, unless they had been confirmed by divine power; for they would not have testified such things to murderous men, not to those very men who had killed him. And the saying, This day have I begotten thee, he said, as knowing that with this the other things also follow. And why did he not bring forward a testimony by which they might be persuaded that remission of sins comes through him? Because the main point was this, to show for the time being that he had risen; and this being confessed, that other point was indisputable through this, namely, that remission of sins also comes through him. Besides, he wished to lead them to a longing for this great thing. Therefore his death was not an abandonment, but a fulfillment of prophecy. He reminds them of histories, which being ignorant of they suffered countless terrible things. And he hints at this at the end, saying: Behold, you despisers, and look. And see how he tones down its harshness. Lest, he says, what was said to others come upon you, that I work a work, which you will in no wise believe, if one declare it unto you. Do not marvel that it seems incredible; this very thing was foretold from of old. This also might justly be said to us, Behold, you despisers, concerning those who disbelieve in the resurrection. For the affairs of the Church are in a very bad state, although you think that things are in peace. For the terrible thing is this, that being in many evils, we do not even know that we are in evils. What do you say? We possess the Churches, the properties, all the other things, the assemblies take place, each day the people come; and do we despise? But one would not judge a Church from this. But from where, he says? If there is reverence, if we depart home each day having gained something, if we reap some great or small fruit, if we are not simply fulfilling a law and getting it over with. Who has become better for assembling for a whole month; This is what is sought for, since this very thing, which seems to be prosperity, is adversity, when, while these things happen, nothing more comes of it. Would that it were indeed nothing more; but now it is even for the worse. What fruit do you get from the assemblies? And yet if any benefit came to you, long ago you all ought to have been living the life of philosophy, with so many prophets speaking to you twice a week, so many apostles, evangelists, all setting forth saving doctrines, and presenting to you with great accuracy the things that can regulate character. The soldier going to the training ground becomes more precise in tactics; the athlete going to the 60.218 wrestling-school becomes more skilled in wrestling; the physician coming to the teacher becomes more precise, and knows more, and learns more; what have you gained? I do not speak to those who have been here a year, but to those who have been assembling from their earliest years. Or do you think this is piety, to constantly attend the assembly? This is nothing, unless we reap some fruit; if we do not gather anything, it is better to stay at home. For even the

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αὐτοῦ ὁ Χριστός. Εἴσοδον δὲ ὁ Ἰωάννης καλεῖ λέγων, Πρὸ προσώπου τῆς εἰσόδου αὐτοῦ, τὴν σάρκωσιν τοῦ Χριστοῦ, τὴν μετὰ σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ φανέρωσιν. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ Ἰωάννης τὸ Εὐαγγέλιον γράφων, ἐπὶ τοῦτον καταφεύγει συνεχῶς· ὄνομα γὰρ ἦν αὐτῷ πολὺ κατὰ τὴν οἰκουμένην ἅπασαν. Καὶ ὅρα· οὐ λέγει αὐτὸ ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ, ἀλλὰ τὴν ἐκείνου φέρει μαρτυρίαν. 60.217 γʹ. Εἶδες πῶς σπουδαίως ἔδειξεν οἰκονομίας τὸ πρᾶγμα ὅν; Ἀλλ' ἀκούσωμεν τί καὶ λέγοντες οἱ ἀπόστολοι ἔπεισαν, ὅτι ἐσταυρώθη. Τί τούτου ἀπιθανώτερον, ὅτι ἐτάφη παρ' αὐτῶν, οἷς ἐπηγγέλλετο σωτηρίαν ἔσεσθαι, ὅτι ὁ ταφεὶς ἀφίησιν ἁμαρτήματα, καὶ τοῦ νόμου μᾶλλον; ∆ιὸ καὶ οὐκ εἶπεν, Ὧν οὐκ ἠβουλήθητε· ἀλλ' Ὧν οὐκἠδυνήθητε ἐν τῷ νόμῳ Μωϋσέως δικαιωθῆναι, ἐν τούτῳ πᾶς ὁ πιστεύων δικαιοῦται, τὸ ἀσθενὲς τοῦ νόμου δεικνύς. Καλῶς δὲ προσέθηκε καὶ τὸ, Πᾶς, ἵνα δείξῃ ὅτι ὅστις ἂν ᾖ ὁ πιστεύων. Οὐδὲν γὰρ ὄφελος ἐκείνων, ἐὰν μή τις εὐεργεσία ᾖ. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ὕστερον τίθησι τὴν ἄφεσιν, ἐντεῦθεν τὸ μεῖζον συνάγων, καὶ δεικνὺς ὅτι, ὃ ἀδυνάτως εἶχεν ὁ νόμος ποιεῖν, τοῦτο ἐργασάμενος διὰ τοῦ θανάτου ὁ παθὼν φαίνεται. Ὥστε καλῶς ἔλεγε· Οἵτινές εἰσι μάρτυρες αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὸν λαὸν, τὸν ἀνελόντα φησὶν, οὐκ ἂν ὄντες, εἰ μὴ θείᾳ δυνάμει ἐβεβαιοῦντο· οὐκ ἂν γὰρ πρὸς ἀνθρώπους φονῶντας τοιαῦτα ἐμαρτύρησαν, οὐκ ἂν πρὸς αὐτοὺς τοὺς ἀνελόντας. Τὸ δὲ, Ἐγὼ σήμερον γεγέννηκά σε, εἶπεν, ὡς τούτῳ λοιπὸν εἰδὼς ὅτι καὶ τὰ ἄλλα ἕπεται. Καὶ διὰ τί μὴ ἐπήγαγε μαρτυρίαν, δι' ἧς ἔμελλον πείθεσθαι, ὅτι ἄφεσις ἁμαρτιῶν δι' αὐτοῦ γίνεται; Ὅτι τὸ σπουδαζόμενον τοῦτο ἦν, δεῖξαι τέως, ὅτι ἀνέστη· τούτου δὲ ὡμολογημένου, ἐκεῖνο ἀναμφισβήτητον ἦν διὰ τούτου, τὸ καὶ ὅτι ὑπ' αὐτοῦ ἄφεσις ἁμαρτιῶν γίνεται. Ἄλλως δὲ ἐβούλετο εἰς πόθον αὐτοὺς ἀγαγεῖν τοῦ μεγάλου τούτου. Οὐκ ἄρα ἐγκατάλειψις ἦν ὁ θάνατος αὐτοῦ, ἀλλὰ προφητείας πλήρωσις. Ἀναμιμνήσκει ἱστοριῶν, ἃς ἀγνοήσαντες μυρία ἔπαθον δεινά. Καὶ τοῦτο αἰνίττεται διὰ τοῦ τέλους λέγων· Ἴδετε οἱ καταφρονηταὶ, καὶ ἐπιβλέψατε. Καὶ ὅρα πῶς αὐτὸ τραχὺ ὃν ὑποτέμνεται. Μὴ ἐπέλθοι, φησὶν, ἐφ' ὑμᾶς τὸ πρὸς τοὺς ἄλλους εἰρημένον, ὅτι ἔργον ἐγὼ ἐργάζομαι, ὃ οὐ μὴ πιστεύσητε, ἐάν τις ἐκδιηγῆται ὑμῖν. Μὴ θαυμάζετε, ὅτι ἄπιστον δοκεῖ εἶναι· καὶ αὐτὸ προείρηται ἄνωθεν. Τοῦτο καὶ πρὸς ἡμᾶς εἰκότως ἂν λεχθείη, Βλέπετε οἱ καταφρονηταὶ, περὶ τῶν τῇ ἀναστάσει διαπιστούντων. Καὶ γὰρ σφόδρα κακῶς τὰ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας διάκειται, καίτοι γε νομίζετε ἐν εἰρήνῃ εἶναι τὰ πράγματα. Τὸ γὰρ δεινὸν τοῦτό ἐστιν, ὅτι ἐν πολλοῖς ὄντες κακοῖς, οὐδ' ὅτι ἐσμὲν ἐν κακοῖς ἴσμεν. Τί λέγεις; τὰς Ἐκκλησίας κατέχομεν, τὰ κτήματα, τὰ ἄλλα πάντα, αἱ συνάξεις γίνονται, καθ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν πρόσεισιν ὁ λαός· καὶ καταφρονοῦμεν; Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀπὸ τούτου Ἐκκλησίαν ἄν τις δοκιμάσειεν. Ἀλλὰ πόθεν, φησίν; Εἰ εὐλάβειά ἐστιν, εἰ κερδαίνοντες ἀναχωροῦμεν οἴκαδε καθ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν, εἰ καρπούμενοι μέγα τι ἢ μικρὸν, εἰ μὴ νόμον ἁπλῶς πληροῦντες καὶ ἀφοσιούμενοι. Τίς βελτίων γέγονεν ὁλοκλήρῳ μηνὶ συλλεγόμενος· Τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ ζητούμενον ἐπεὶ καὶ αὐτὸ τοῦτο, ὃ δοκεῖ εὐπραγίας εἶναι, τοῦτο δυσπραγία ἐστὶν, ὅταν τούτων γινομένων μηδὲν πλέον γίνηται. Εἴθε μὲν οὖν μηδὲν πλέον· νῦν δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον. Τί καρποῦσθε ἀπὸ τῶν συνάξεων; Καίτοι εἴ γέ τι ὄφελος ὑμῖν ἐγίνετο, πάλαι πάντας ἔδει τὸν τῆς φιλοσοφίας βίον ζῇν, τοσούτων μὲν προφητῶν δεύτερον τῆς ἑβδομάδος ὑμῖν διαλεγομένων, τοσούτων δὲ ἀποστόλων, εὐαγγελιστῶν, πάντων τὰ σωτήρια δόγματα προτιθέντων, καὶ τὰ δυνάμενα ἦθος ῥυθμίσαι μετὰ πολλῆς ἀκριβείας παριστώντων ὑμῖν. Ὁ στρατιώτης ἐπὶ τὸ γυμνάσιον ἰὼν, ἀκριβέστερος γίνεται περὶ τὰ τακτικά· ὁ ἀθλητὴς εἰς πα 60.218 λαίστραν βαδίζων, ἐμπειρότερος γίνεται περὶ τὴν πάλην· ὁ ἰατρὸς πρὸς τὸν διδάσκαλον ἐρχόμενος, ἀκριβέστερος γίνεται, καὶ πλείονα οἶδε, καὶ πλείονα μανθάνει· σὺ τί κεκέρδηκας; οὐ λέγω πρὸς τοὺς ἐνιαυτὸν ἔχοντας, ἀλλὰ πρὸς τοὺς ἐκ πρώτης ἡλικίας συναγομένους. Ἢ τοῦτο νομίζετε εὐλάβειαν εἶναι, τὸ συνεχῶς παραβάλλειν τῇ συνάξει; Τοῦτο οὐδέν ἐστιν, ἂν μή τι καρπωσώμεθα· ἂν μή τι συνάγωμεν, βέλτιον οἴκοι μένειν. Καὶ γὰρ οἱ