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since they did not spare them even as being weak; but the contrary; for there was also great reverence for the teachers; for that was a superfluous burden. See a short letter, having nothing more, nor arguments nor reasonings, but a command; for it was a legislation of the Spirit. Throughout 60.243 they call it a burden. And again, having gathered the multitude, they delivered the letter. After the letter, they themselves also exhort with the word; for this too was necessary, so as to be freed from all suspicion. And they themselves, it says, being prophets, through much discourse exhorted the brethren. Here it shows what is trustworthy. For Paul also was able; but it was necessary for these men. And having spent some time, they were sent away in peace. No longer dissension, no longer aversion. Here it seems to me that they received the right hand, just as he himself says, They gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship. Then he says that, They added nothing to me. For they confirmed his opinion; they praised it and marveled. It shows that it is possible to perceive this also from human reasonings, not just from the Spirit alone, that they sinned a sin not easy to be corrected; for such things do not require the Spirit. It shows that the other things are not necessary, but superfluous, if indeed these are necessary. From which if you keep yourselves, he says, you will do well. It shows that nothing is lacking to them, but this is sufficient. For it was possible even without writings, but so that there might be a written law, they send a letter. And again, so that they might be persuaded by the law, they both spoke to them, and they did this, and with peace. Let us not then be scandalized at the heretics. For see in the beginnings of the preaching how many scandals; I do not speak of those from without; for these were nothing; but those within. For example, first, Ananias, then the murmuring, then Simon Magus, then those who accused Peter on account of Cornelius, then the famine, then this very chief of evils. For it is not possible for anything good to happen without something evil also coexisting. Let us not then be troubled, if some are scandalized, but also for these things let us give thanks to God, because He makes us more approved. For not only the tribulations, but also the temptations themselves make us more brilliant. For one who, when there is no one to lead him astray, holds to the truth, would not be a strong lover of the truth; but the one whom many draw away, this one is approved. What then? Is it for this reason that scandals happen? I do not say that God does these things; may it not be; but also that from their wickedness He benefits us; since He Himself never wished them to happen. Grant to them, He says, that they may be one; but since scandals happen, it does not harm these, but even benefits them. Just as, therefore, those who drag them to martyrdom unwillingly benefit the martyrs, yet they are not pushed to this by God; so also here, let us not see that they are scandalized. This itself is a proof that the doctrine is excellent, that many pretend and imitate it; for they would not have pretended, if it were not good. And this I will now make clear to you. 4. These fragrant ointments have those who adulterate them, such as the leaf of amomum. For since they are rare and necessary, many spurious ones are also made. No one, therefore, would choose to adulterate anything else of the cheap things. The pure life has many who adulterate it; but no one would choose to pretend to be in a state of depravity, but rather in the monastic life. What then should we say to the Greeks? A Greek comes and says, I wish to become a Christian, but I do not know to whom to attach myself; there is much fighting and dissension among you, much turmoil; which doctrine should I choose? what shall I select? Each one says, I speak the truth. Whom shall I believe, knowing nothing at all in the Scriptures? And they put forward the same thing. This is very much in our favor. For if 60.244 we said to be persuaded by reasonings, you would rightly be disturbed; but if we say to believe the Scriptures, and these are simple and true, the matter for judgment is easy for you. If anyone agrees with them, he is a Christian; if anyone fights against them, he is far from this rule. What then, if he should come and say, that the Scripture holds this, while you say something else, and you misinterpret the Scriptures differently,

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ἐπειδὴ ἐφείδοντο αὐτῶν οὐδὲ ὡς ἀσθενῶν· ἀλλὰ τοὐναντίον· πολλὴ γὰρ καὶ τῶν διδασκάλων αἰδὼς ἦν· ἐκεῖνο γὰρ περιττὸν βάρος ἦν. Ὅρα βραχεῖαν ἐπιστολὴν οὐδὲν πλέον ἔχουσαν, οὐδὲ κατασκευὰς οὐδὲ συλλογισμοὺς, ἀλλ' ἐπίταγμα· Πνεύματος γὰρ ἦν νομοθεσία. Ἄνω καὶ κάτω 60.243 βάρος καλοῦσι. Καὶ πάλιν συναγαγόντες τὸ πλῆθος, ἐπέδωκαν τὴν ἐπιστολήν. Μετὰ τὴν ἐπιστολὴν καὶ αὐτοὶ παρακαλοῦσι τῷ λόγῳ· ἔδει γὰρ καὶ τοῦτο, ὥστε πάσης ὑποψίας ἀπαλλαγῆναι. Καὶ αὐτοὶ, φησὶ, προφῆται ὄντες, διὰ λόγου πολλοῦ παρεκάλεσαν τοὺς ἀδελφούς. Τὸ ἀξιόπιστον ἐνταῦθα δείκνυσιν. Ἐδύνατο μὲν γὰρ καὶ Παῦλος· ἀλλὰ τούτους ἔδει. Ποιήσαντες δὲ χρόνον, ἀπελύθησαν μετ' εἰρήνης. Οὐκ ἔτι στάσις, οὐκ ἔτι ἀποστροφή. Ἐνταῦθά μοι δοκεῖ τὴν δεξιὰν αὐτοὺς εἰληφέναι, καθὼς αὐτός φησι, ∆εξιὰς ἔδωκαν ἐμοὶ καὶ Βαρνάβᾳ κοινωνίας. Εἶτα λέγει, ὅτι Οὐδέν μοι προσανέθεντο. Τὴν γὰρ αὐτοῦ γνώμην ἐκύρωσαν· ἐπῄνεσαν αὐτὴν καὶ ἐθαύμασαν. ∆είκνυσιν, ὅτι καὶ ἀπὸ ἀνθρωπίνων λογισμῶν τοῦτο δυνατὸν συνιδεῖν, μήτι γε ἀπὸ Πνεύματος μόνον, ὅτι ἥμαρτον ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ εὔκολον διορθωθῆναι· τὰ γὰρ τοιαῦτα οὐ Πνεύματος δεῖται. ∆είκνυσιν, ὅτι τὰ ἄλλα οὐκ ἀναγκαῖα, ἀλλὰ περιττὰ, εἴ γε ταῦτα ἀναγκαῖα. Ἐξ ὧν διατηροῦντες ἑαυτοὺς, φησὶν, εὖ πράξετε. ∆είκνυσιν, ὅτι οὐδὲν αὐτοῖς λείπει, ἀλλ' ἀρκεῖ τοῦτο. Ἠδύνατο μὲν γὰρ καὶ χωρὶς γραμμάτων, ἀλλ' ὥστε νόμον εἶναι ἔγγραφον, ἐπιστέλλουσι. Καὶ πάλιν, ὥστε πεισθῆναι τῷ νόμῳ, καὶ ἐκείνοις ἔλεγον, καὶ ἐκεῖνοι τοῦτο ἐποίουν, καὶ μετ' εἰρήνης. Μὴ δὴ σκανδαλιζώμεθα ἐπὶ τοῖς αἱρετικοῖς. Ὅρα γὰρ ἐν προοιμίοις τοῦ κηρύγματος πόσα σκάνδαλα· οὐ λέγω τὰ παρὰ τῶν ἔξωθεν· ταῦτα γὰρ οὐδὲν ἦν· ἀλλὰ τὰ ἔνδον. Οἷον πρῶτον, ὁ Ἀνανίας, ἔπειτα ὁ γογγυσμὸς, ἔπειτα Σίμων ὁ Μάγος, ἔπειτα οἱ ἐγκαλοῦντες Πέτρῳ διὰ Κορνήλιον, ἔπειτα ὁ λιμὸς, ἔπειτα αὐτὸ τοῦτο τὸ κεφάλαιον τῶν κακῶν. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἔνι καλοῦ τινος γινομένου μὴ συνυφεστάναι καὶ πονηρόν. Μὴ δὴ θορυβώμεθα, εἴ τινες σκανδαλίζονται, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὑπὲρ τούτων εὐχαριστῶμεν τῷ Θεῷ, ὅτι εὐδοκιμωτέρους ἡμᾶς ποιεῖ. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ αἱ θλίψεις μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοὶ οἱ πειρασμοὶ λαμπροτέρους ἡμᾶς ἐργάζονται. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ, μηδενὸς ὄντος τοῦ πλανῶντος, τῆς ἀληθείας ἐχόμενος, οὐκ ἂν εἴη σφοδρὸς ἐραστὴς τῆς ἀληθείας· ὁ δὲ πολλῶν ἀφελκόντων, οὗτος εὐδόκιμος. Τί οὖν; διὰ τοῦτο γίνεται τὰ σκάνδαλα; Οὐ λέγω, ὡς τοῦ Θεοῦ ταῦτα ποιοῦντος· μὴ γένοιτο· ἀλλὰ καὶ ὡς ἀπὸ τῆς ἐκείνων πονηρίας εὐεργετοῦντος ἡμᾶς· ἐπεὶ αὐτὸς οὐδέποτε ἐβούλετο γενέσθαι. ∆ὸς αὐτοῖς, φησὶν, ἵνα ἓν ὦσιν· ἐπειδὴ δὲ γίνεται τὰ σκάνδαλα, οὐδὲν τούτους βλάπτει, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὠφελεῖ. Ὥσπερ οὖν καὶ τοὺς μάρτυρας ἄκοντες ὠφελοῦσιν οἱ ἐπὶ τὸ μαρτύριον ἕλκοντες, οὐ μὴν ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ ὠθοῦνται πρὸς τοῦτο· οὕτω δὴ καὶ ἐνταῦθα, μὴ ἴδωμεν ὅτι σκανδαλίζονται. Τοῦτο αὐτὸ τεκμήριον τοῦ σπουδαῖον εἶναι τὸ δόγμα, τὸ πολλοὺς ὑποκρίνεσθαι καὶ μιμεῖσθαι· οὐ γὰρ ἂν, εἰ μὴ καλὸν ἦν, ὑπεκρίνοντο. Καὶ τοῦτο ἤδη ποιήσω ὑμῖν φανερόν. δʹ. Τὰ μύρα τὰ εὐώδη ταῦτα ἔχει τοὺς νοθεύοντας αὐτὰ, οἷον φύλλον ἄμωμον. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ σπάνιά ἐστι καὶ ἀναγκαῖα, πολλὰ καὶ νόθα γίνεται. Οὐδεὶς οὖν ἂν ἕλοιτο ἄλλο τι τῶν εὐτελῶν νοθεῦσαι. Ὁ βίος ὁ καθαρὸς πολλοὺς ἔχει τοὺς νοθεύοντας· οὐδεὶς δὲ ἂν ἕλοιτο ὑποκρίνεσθαι τὸν ἐν φαυλότητι, ἀλλὰ τὸν ἐν μοναδικῷ βίῳ. Τί οὖν ἂν εἴποιμεν πρὸς τοὺς Ἕλληνας; Ἔρχεται Ἕλλην καὶ λέγει, ὅτι Βούλομαι γενέσθαι Χριστιανὸς, ἀλλ' οὐκ οἶδα τίνι προσθῶμαι· μάχη παρ' ὑμῖν πολλὴ καὶ στάσις, πολὺς θόρυβος· ποῖον ἕλωμαι δόγμα; τί αἱρήσομαι; Ἕκαστος λέγει, ὅτι Ἐγὼ ἀληθεύω. Τίνι πεισθῶ, μηδὲν ὅλως εἰδὼς ἐν ταῖς Γραφαῖς; Κἀκεῖνοι τὸ αὐτὸ προβάλλονται. Πάνυ γε τοῦτο ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν. Εἰ μὲν 60.244 γὰρ λογισμοῖς ἐλέγομεν πείθεσθαι, εἰκότως ἐθορύβου· εἰ δὲ ταῖς Γραφαῖς λέγομεν πιστεύειν, αὗται δὲ ἁπλαῖ καὶ ἀληθεῖς, εὔκολόν σοι τὸ κρινόμενον. Εἴ τις ἐκείναις συμφωνεῖ, οὗτος Χριστιανός· εἴ τις μάχεται, οὗτος πόῤῥω τοῦ κανόνος τούτου. Τί οὖν, ἂν ἐκεῖνος ἐλθὼν εἴπῃ, τοῦτο ἔχειν τὴν Γραφὴν, σὺ δὲ ἕτερον λέγῃς, καὶ ἄλλως παρεξηγῆσθε τὰς Γραφὰς,