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for they were stones or wood. And see Paul accusing, and stating the reason. For he respected Barnabas out of much humility, as having been his partner in so many things and being with him; but he did not respect him so much as to overlook what was necessary. Now, who decided better, is not for us to declare; for the time being, however, a great dispensation occurred, if indeed these were to be deemed worthy of a second visit, while those were not even once. They did not simply spend their time in Antioch, but they were teaching. What did they teach? And what did they preach as good news? Both to those already believers, and to those not yet. For since there were countless scandals, their presence was needed. The point is not that they differed in their opinions, but that they condescended to see one another. Thus a greater good came from being separated, and the matter took its occasion from this. What then? Did they depart as enemies? May it not be so. For you see after this Barnabas enjoying many praises from Paul in his Epistles. A sharp contention, it says, occurred, not enmity nor contentiousness. The contention was so strong as to separate them; and reasonably so. For what each supposed to be advantageous, he did not afterwards concede for the sake of his fellowship with the other. 2. To me it seems that the separation occurred even with understanding, and that they said to one another, "Since I am unwilling and you are willing, so that we may not fight, let us divide the regions." So they did this, yielding completely to one another. For Barnabas wished Paul's view to stand; for this reason he also departed. And Paul likewise wished his view to stand; for this reason he too does the same and departs. Would that we also made such separations, so as to go off to preach! But Paul, it says, having chosen Silas, departed, having been commended to the grace of God by the brethren. This man is wonderful, 60.247 and exceedingly great. But this dispute greatly benefitted Mark. For Paul's sternness converted him, and Barnabas's kindness made him no longer fall away; so that they contend, but the benefit meets at one end. For seeing Paul choosing to depart, he would have been very afraid and would have condemned himself; and again seeing Barnabas clinging to him so, he would have loved him very much; and the disciple was corrected through the dispute of the teachers; so far was he from being scandalized. For if they were doing this for their own honor, it would be reasonable; but if for his salvation, and they contend for one thing, so as to show the one who honored. him to have decided well, what is amiss? 3. See the wisdom of Paul; he does not go to other cities before visiting those that have received the word. And he went through Syria and Cilicia, strengthening the Churches. And he came to Derbe and Lystra. For it is foolish to run about randomly. Let us do this as well; let us first instruct the first ones, so that they do not become an obstacle to those after them. Let us visit, he says, the brethren, to see how they are. And he was ignorant of this with good reason, so that he might go and visit the brethren. See him always aroused, caring, not enduring to sit still, although he endured countless dangers. Do you see that it was not from cowardice that he came to Antioch? For just as a physician he went to the sick, and he showed the necessity of the visit by saying, In which we have preached the word. Barnabas departed, and no longer went with him. Having chosen, it says, Silas, and having been commended to the grace of God. What is this? They prayed, it says, they besought God. See everywhere the prayer of the brethren being of great power. And for the rest he traveled on foot, wishing also through his journeying to benefit those who saw him; reasonably so. For when they were in a hurry, they sailed; but now no longer. And behold, a certain disciple was there, named Timothy, the son of a Jewish woman who was a believer, but of a Greek father; who was well spoken of by the brethren who were at Lystra and Iconium. Paul wanted this man to go forth with him; and he took and circumcised him because of the Jews who were in those places. For they all knew his father, that he was a Greek. It is right to be astonished at the wisdom of Paul. He who so many things

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γὰρ ἦσαν λίθοι ἢ ξύλα. Καὶ ὅρα Παῦλον κατηγοροῦντα, καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν λέγοντα. Ἠδεῖτο γὰρ τὸν Βαρνάβαν ἀπὸ ταπεινοφροσύνης πολλῆς, ἅτε κεκοινωνηκότα ἐν τοσούτοις αὐτῷ καὶ μετ' αὐτοῦ ὄντα· ἀλλ' οὐχ οὕτως ᾐδεῖτο, ὥστε καὶ παριδεῖν τὸ δέον. Τίς μὲν οὖν ἄμεινον ἐβουλεύσατο, οὐχ ἡμῶν ἀποφήνασθαι· τέως δὲ, ὅτι μεγάλη γέγονεν οἰκονομία, εἴ γε οὗτοι μὲν ἔμελλον δεύτερον ἐπισκέψεως ἀξιοῦσθαι, ἐκεῖνοι δὲ οὐδὲ ἅπαξ. Οὐχ ἁπλῶς διέτριβον ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ, ἀλλ' ἐδίδασκον. Τί ἐδίδασκον; τί δὲ εὐηγγελίζοντο; Τούς τε ἤδη πιστοὺς, τούς τε οὐδέπω. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ μυρία σκάνδαλα ἦν, ἔδει τῆς αὐτῶν παρουσίας. Τὸ ζητούμενον, οὐχ ὅτι διηνέχθησαν ἐν ταῖς γνώμαις, ἀλλ' ὅτι συγκατέβησαν ἀλλήλοις ἰδεῖν. Οὕτω μεῖζον ἀγαθὸν γέγονε τὸ χωρισθῆναι, καὶ πρόφασιν ἐκ τούτου τὸ πρᾶγμα ἔλαβε. Τί οὖν; ἐχθροὶ ἀνεχώρησαν; Μὴ γένοιτο. Ὁρᾷς γὰρ μετὰ τοῦτο Βαρνάβαν πολλῶν ἐγκωμίων ἀπολαύοντα παρὰ Παύλου ἐν ταῖς Ἐπιστολαῖς. Παροξυσμὸς, φησὶν, ἐγένετο, οὐκ ἔχθρα οὐδὲ φιλονεικία. Τοσοῦτον ἴσχυσεν ὁ παροξυσμὸς, ὥστε χωρίσαι· καὶ εἰκότως. Ὅπερ γὰρ ἕκαστος ὑπέλαβεν εἶναι λυσιτελὲς, τοῦτο μετὰ ταῦτα οὐ προσήκατο διὰ τὴν πρὸς ἐκεῖνον κοινωνίαν. βʹ. Ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ καὶ κατὰ σύνεσιν γεγενῆσθαι τὸν χωρισμὸν, καὶ πρὸς ἀλλήλους εἰπεῖν, ὅτι Ἐπειδὴ ἐγὼ οὐ βούλομαι σὺ δὲ βούλει, ἵνα μὴ μαχώμεθα, διανειμώμεθα τοὺς τόπους. Ὥστε πάνυ εἴκοντες ἀλλήλοις τοῦτο ἐποίουν. Ἐβούλετο γὰρ στῆναι τὸ Παύλου Βαρνάβας· διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἀνεχώρησεν· ἐβούλετο καὶ Παῦλος ὁμοίως τὸ ἐκείνου· διὰ τοῦτο καὶ αὐτὸς τὸ ἴσον ποιεῖ καὶ ἀναχωρεῖ. Εἴθε καὶ ἡμεῖς τοιούτους ἐχωριζόμεθα χωρισμοὺς, ὥστε ἐπὶ κήρυγμα ἀπιέναι! Παῦλος δὲ, φησὶν, ἐπιλεξάμενος τὸν Σίλαν, ἐξῆλθε παραδοθεὶς τῇ χάριτι τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑπὸ τῶν ἀδελφῶν. Θαυμαστός ἐστιν οὗτος ὁ ἀνὴρ, 60.247 καὶ σφόδρα μέγας. Πάνυ δὲ ὠφέλει τὸν Μάρκον ἡ μάχη αὕτη. Τὸ μὲν γὰρ Παύλου φοβερὸν ἐπέστρεψεν αὐτὸν, τὸ δὲ Βαρνάβα χρηστὸν ἐποίει μηκέτι ἀπολειφθῆναι· ὥστε μάχονται μὲν, πρὸς ἓν δὲ τέλος ἀπαντᾷ τὸ κέρδος. Καὶ γὰρ Παῦλον ὁρῶν αἱρούμενον ἀποστῆναι, πάνυ ἂν ἐφοβήθη καὶ κατέγνω ἑαυτοῦ· καὶ πάλιν Βαρνάβαν ὁρῶν οὕτως αὐτοῦ ἀντεχόμενον, πάνυ ἂν αὐτὸν ἐφίλησε· καὶ διωρθοῦτο ὁ μαθητὴς διὰ τῆς μάχης τῶν διδασκάλων· τοσοῦτον ἀπεῖχε τοῦ σκανδαλισθῆναι. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ διὰ τὴν εἰς ἑαυτοὺς τιμὴν τοῦτο ἔπραττον, εἰκότως· εἰ δὲ διὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ σωτηρίαν, καὶ δι' ἓν φιλονεικοῦσιν ὥστε δεῖξαι τὸν τιμήσαντα. αὐτὸν καλῶς βεβουλευμένον, τί ἄτοπον; γʹ. Ὅρα τὴν σύνεσιν τοῦ Παύλου· οὐ πρότερον ἐπ' ἄλλας ἔρχεται πόλεις, πρὶν ἢ τὰς δεξαμένας τὸν λόγον ἐπισκέψασθαι. ∆ιήρχετο δὲ τὴν Συρίαν καὶ Κιλικίαν ἐπιστηρίζων τὰς Ἐκκλησίας. Κατήντησε δὲ εἰς ∆έρβην καὶ Λύστραν. Καὶ γὰρ ἀνοίας ἐστὶν εἰκῇ τρέχειν. Τοῦτο καὶ ἡμεῖς ποιῶμεν· τοὺς πρώτους πρῶτον παιδεύωμεν, ἵνα μὴ οὗτοι ἐμπόδιον γίνωνται τοῖς μετὰ ταῦτα. Ἐπισκεψώμεθα, φησὶ, τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς πῶς ἔχουσι. Καὶ τοῦτο ἠγνόει εἰκότως, ἵνα ἐλθὼν τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς ἐπισκέψηται. Ὅρα αὐτὸν ἀεὶ διεγηγερμένον, μεριμνῶντα, οὐκ ἀνεχόμενον καθῆσθαι, καίτοι μυρίους ὑπέμενε κινδύνους. Ὁρᾷς, ὅτι οὐ δειλίας ἦν τὸ εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν ἐλθεῖν; Καθάπερ γὰρ ἰατρὸς ἐπὶ τοὺς κάμνοντας ἀπῄει, καὶ τὴν ἀνάγκην τῆς ἐπισκέψεως ἐδήλωσεν εἰπὼν, Ἐν αἷς κατηγγείλαμεν τὸν λόγον. Ἀπέστη ὁ Βαρνάβας, καὶ οὐκέτι συνῆλθεν. Ἐπιλεξάμενος, φησὶ, τὸν Σίλαν, καὶ παραδοθεὶς τῇ χάριτι τοῦ Θεοῦ. Τί τοῦτό ἐστιν; Ηὔξαντο, φησὶν, ἐδεήθησαν τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ὅρα πανταχοῦ μεγάλα δυναμένην τὴν εὐχὴν τῶν ἀδελφῶν. Καὶ λοιπὸν πεζῇ ὥδευε, καὶ διὰ τῆς ὁδοιπορίας ὠφελῆσαι τοὺς ὁρῶντας βουλόμενος· εἰκότως. Ὅτε μὲν γὰρ ἔσπευδον, ἔπλεον· νῦν δὲ οὐκ ἔτι. Καὶ ἰδοὺ μαθητής τις ἦν ἐκεῖ ὀνόματι Τιμόθεος, υἱὸς γυναικὸς Ἰουδαίας πιστῆς, πατρὸς δὲ Ἕλληνος· ὃς ἐμαρτυρεῖτο ὑπὸ τῶν ἐν Λύστροις καὶ Ἰκωνίῳ ἀδελφῶν. Τοῦτον ἠθέλησεν ὁ Παῦλος σὺν αὐτῷ ἐξελθεῖν· καὶ λαβὼν περιέτεμεν αὐτὸν διὰ τοὺς Ἰουδαίους τοὺς ὄντας ἐν τοῖς τόποις ἐκείνοις. Ἤδεσαν γὰρ ἅπαντες τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ, ὅτι Ἕλλην ὑπῆρχεν. Ἄξιον ἐκπλαγῆναι τοῦ Παύλου τὴν σύνεσιν. Ὁ τοσαῦτα