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he spoke of their disorderliness: that they came there also 60.265 stirring up the crowds, hinting at their irrepressible madness. And immediately the brothers sent Paul away, to go, it says, as if to the sea. Here, then, they send Paul alone; for they feared for him, lest he suffer anything, as he was their chief. Thus grace was not at work everywhere, but allowed them to do human things as well, rousing them up and waking them, and casting them into care. See, for instance, he saved him only as far as Philippi, but from then on, no longer. And having received a command, it says, for Silas and Timothy, that they should come to him as quickly as possible, they departed. And this, reasonably. For even though he was Paul, nevertheless he needed them. Therefore they were rightly urged by God into Macedonia; for Greece too was illustrious from then on; since he also did other extraordinary things. Christ commanded to live from the Gospel, but this one did not do it; Christ did not send him to baptize, but this one baptized. See how Peter was a counterbalance to all for the circumcision, this one for the Gentiles, for the greater part. And having taken security, it says, from Jason, they released them. See how Jason, having given security, sent Paul away, so that he gave his life for him. These, it says, were more noble than those in Thessalonica; that is, being so in virtue and in faith toward God. Who received the word with all eagerness, it says, daily examining the Scriptures, to see if these things were so. Not simply by impulse nor by zeal. And yet the city was larger, there were loungers of the marketplace in it; but it is no wonder if in a larger one they are worse. Indeed, it is likely they are worse in the larger one, where the occasions for disturbances are many. For just as in a body, when the disease is more severe, it has more matter and nourishment; so indeed also here, what happened in Iconium, happens now too. And Paul departs, so that they may also pay the penalty for the destruction of others. For this reason Paul also said: Forbidding us to speak to the Gentiles. And why, it says, did they not remain here? Why did they not perform signs? For if there, where he was stoned, he remained a considerable time, much more so here. Why? God did not always wish these men to perform signs; for to overcome while being persecuted without signs is no less a sign than performing signs. So just as it now prevails without signs, so also then in many places it was willed to prevail. Therefore, neither did the apostles resort to signs, which indeed he himself says: But we preach Christ crucified. To those seeking signs, to those seeking wisdom, we give these things, which cannot persuade even with signs, and we persuade. So this was a great sign. See, for instance, when the preaching was intensified, how quickly they resort to signs. For it was necessary from then on, for the sake of those who believed, for there to be greater signs than the rest; which is why they also happen; but by withdrawing and advancing they did these things. They sent him away, it says, as if to the sea. Why, then? So that his capture would not be easy for them. For thus by themselves they would have done something great, and with him they accomplished and achieved many things. For the time being they wished to snatch him away. γʹ. See with what great earnestness the other disciples also treated the chief ones; but not as we are now separated, divided great and small; some of us are puffed up, others are envious; for this reason they too are envious, because we are conceited, we do not endure being treated as equals 60.266 with them. For this reason there is harmony in the body, because there is no pride; and there is no pride, because the members are established in the necessity of needing one another; both the head needs the feet, and the feet the head. God has done this for us also, and not even so do we endure it; for there ought to be love even without this. Or do you not hear those outside slandering us, when they say: needs are friendships? The laity need us; and we in turn exist for them. Thus a teacher and a ruler would not exist, if there were not those being taught and those being ruled, nor could he display his own qualities; for he would not be able. Just as the earth of the

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ἀταξίας αὐτῶν εἶπεν· ὅτι ἦλθον κἀκεῖ 60.265 σαλεύοντες τοὺς ὄχλους, τὴν ἀκάθεκτον μανίαν αὐτῶν αἰνιττόμενος. Εὐθέως δὲ ἐξαπέστειλαν τὸν Παῦλον οἱ ἀδελφοὶ πορεύεσθαι, φησὶν, ὡς ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν. Ἐνταῦθα λοιπὸν τὸν Παῦλον πέμπουσι μόνον· περὶ γὰρ αὐτοῦ ἐδεδοίκεισαν, μή τι πάθῃ, τὸ κεφάλαιον αὐτῶν αὐτὸ ὄν· οὕτως οὐ πανταχοῦ ἡ χάρις ἐνήργει, ἀλλ' εἴα αὐτοὺς καὶ ἀνθρώπινα ποιεῖν, διανιστῶσα αὐτοὺς καὶ διυπνίζουσα, καὶ εἰς μέριμναν ἐμβάλλουσα. Ὅρα γοῦν, ἕως Φιλίππων ἔσωσε μόνον, ἐντεῦθεν δὲ οὐκ ἔτι. Καὶ λαβόντες ἐντολὴν, φησὶ, πρὸς τὸν Σίλαν καὶ τὸν Τιμόθεον, ἵνα ὡς τάχιστα ἔλθωσι πρὸς αὐτὸν, ἐξῄεσαν. Καὶ τοῦτο εἰκότως. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ Παῦλος ἦν, ὅμως ἐδεῖτο ἐκείνων. Ἄρα καλῶς ἠπείγοντο εἰς Μακεδονίαν ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ· λαμπρὰ γὰρ ἦν καὶ ἡ Ἑλλὰς λοιπόν· ἐπεὶ καὶ ἄλλα περιττὰ ἐποίει. Ὁ Χριστὸς διέταξεν ἐκ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ζῇν, οὗτος δὲ αὐτὸ οὐκ ἐποίει· ὁ Χριστὸς οὐκ ἀπέστειλεν αὐτὸν βαπτίζειν, οὗτος δὲ ἐβάπτιζεν. Ὅρα πῶς ἀντίῤῥοπος πάντων ἦν Πέτρος εἰς τὴν περιτομὴν, οὗτος εἰς τὰ ἔθνη, εἰς τὸ πλέον μέρος. Καὶ λαβόντες τὸ ἱκανὸν, φησὶ, παρὰ τοῦ Ἰάσονος, ἀπέλυσαν αὐτούς. Ὅρα πῶς ἱκανὰ δοὺς Ἰάσων ἐξέπεμψε Παῦλον, ὥστε τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἔδωκεν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ. Οὗτοι, φησὶν, ἦσαν εὐγενέστεροι τῶν ἐν Θεσσαλονίκῃ· τουτέστι, κατὰ τὴν ἀρετὴν ὄντες τοῦτο καὶ τὴν πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν πίστιν. Οἵτινες ἐδέξαντο τὸν λόγον μετὰ πάσης προθυμίας, φησὶ, τὸ καθ' ἡμέραν ἀνακρίνοντες τὰς Γραφὰς, εἰ ἔχοι ταῦτα οὕτως. Οὐχ ἁπλῶς ῥύμῃ οὐδὲ ζήλῳ. Καίτοι μείζων ἡ πόλις ἦν, ἀγοραῖοι ἄνθρωποι ἦσαν ἐν αὐτῇ· θαυμαστὸν δὲ οὐδὲν καὶ εἰ ἐν μείζονι χείρους εἰσί. Μάλιστα μὲν οὖν εἰς τὴν μείζονα χείρους εἶναι εἰκὸς, ἔνθα πολλαὶ τῶν ταραχῶν αἱ ἀφορμαί. Καθάπερ γὰρ ἐν σώματι, ὅταν ἡ νόσος χαλεπωτέρα ᾖ, πλείονα ἔχει τὴν ὕλην καὶ τὴν τροφήν· οὕτω δὴ καὶ ἐνταῦθα, ὅπερ ἐν Ἰκονίῳ γέγονε, καὶ νῦν γίνεται. Καὶ ἐξέρχεται ὁ Παῦλος, ἵνα καὶ τῆς ἑτέρων ἀπωλείας δίκην δῶσι. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ Παῦλος ἔλεγε· Κωλυόντων ἡμᾶς τοῖς ἔθνεσι λαλεῖν. Καὶ διὰ τί μὴ ἐνέμειναν, φησὶν, ἐνταῦθα; διὰ τί μὴ σημεῖα ἐποίησαν; Εἰ γὰρ ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα ἐλιθάζετο, ἔμενεν ἱκανὸν χρόνον, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἐνταῦθα. ∆ιὰ τί; Οὐκ ἀεὶ ἐβούλετο τούτους σημεῖα ποιεῖν Θεός· τοῦ γὰρ σημεῖα ποιεῖν οὐχ ἧττον σημεῖον τὸ διωκομένους περιγενέσθαι χωρὶς σημείων. Ὥστε καθάπερ νῦν χωρὶς σημείων κρατεῖ, οὕτω καὶ τότε πολλαχοῦ ἐβούλετο κρατεῖν. Οὐ τοίνυν οὐδὲ οἱ ἀπόστολοι ἐπέτρεχον τοῖς σημείοις, ὅπερ οὖν καὶ αὐτός φησιν· Ἡμεῖς δὲ κηρύσσομεν Χριστὸν ἐσταυρωμένον. Τοῖς σημεῖα ζητοῦσι, τοῖς σοφίαν, ταῦτα διδόαμεν, ἃ μηδὲ μετὰ σημείων δύναται πεῖσαι, καὶ πείθομεν. Ὥστε μέγα τοῦτο σημεῖον ἦν. Ὅρα γοῦν ἐπιταθέντος τοῦ κηρύγματος, πῶς ταχέως ἐπιτρέχουσι τοῖς σημείοις. Ἔδει γὰρ λοιπὸν διὰ τοὺς πιστεύσαντας μείζονα εἶναι σημεῖα τῶν λοιπῶν· διὸ καὶ γίνονται· ἀλλὰ τῷ ὑποχωρεῖν καὶ ἐπιέναι ταῦτα ἐποίουν. Ἐξαπέστειλαν αὐτὸν, φησὶν, ὡς ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν. Τί δήποτε; Ὥστε μὴ γενέσθαι αὐτοῖς εὔκολον τὴν κατάληψιν. Οὕτω γὰρ καθ' ἑαυτοὺς μέγα τι ἔπραξαν ἂν, καὶ μετ' ἐκείνου πολλὰ ἤνυσαν καὶ κατώρθωσαν. Τέως ἐκεῖνον ἐξαρπάσαι ἐβούλοντο. γʹ. Ὅρα πόσῃ καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ μαθηταὶ περὶ τοὺς κορυφαίους ἐχρῶντο τῇ σπουδῇ· ἀλλ' οὐχ ὥσπερ νῦν κεχωρίσμεθα, διῃρήμεθα μεγάλοι καὶ μικροί· οἱ μὲν ἐπαιρόμεθα, οἱ δὲ φθονοῦμεν· διὰ τοῦτο κἀκεῖνοι φθονοῦσιν, ὅτι ἡμεῖς τετυφώμεθα, οὐκ ἀνεχόμεθα ἰσηγορεῖσθαι 60.266 μετ' αὐτῶν. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἐν τῷ σώματι ἡ συμφωνία ἐστὶν, ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἔστι φυσίωσις· οὐκ ἔστι δὲ φυσίωσις, ἐπειδὴ εἰς ἀνάγκην τοῦ χρείαν ἀλλήλων ἔχειν τὰ μέλη καθέστηκε· καὶ ἡ κεφαλὴ τῶν ποδῶν δεῖται, καὶ οἱ πόδες τῆς κεφαλῆς. Καὶ ἡμῖν τοῦτο ἐποίησεν ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ οὐδὲ οὕτως ἀνεχόμεθα· ἔδει μὲν γὰρ καὶ χωρὶς τούτου ἀγάπην εἶναι. Ἢ οὐκ ἀκούετε αὐτῶν τῶν ἔξω διαβαλλόντων ἡμᾶς, ὅταν λέγωσιν· αἱ χρεῖαι φιλίαι; Οἱ λαϊκοὶ δέονται ἡμῶν· ἡμεῖς δὲ πάλιν δι' αὐτούς ἐσμεν. Οὕτω καὶ διδάσκαλος καὶ ἄρχων οὐκ ἂν εἴη, μὴ τῶν διδασκομένων ὄντων καὶ τῶν ἀρχομένων, οὐδ' ἂν ἐπιδείξαιτο τὰ αὐτοῦ· οὐ γὰρ ἂν δύναιτο. Καθάπερ ἡ γῆ τοῦ