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that those made by men are not gods. Everywhere he pushes the argument to their craft. Then he puts afterwards what most grieved them, saying; Not only is this our trade in danger; that is, there is no account of the others, but that also the temple of the great goddess Artemis is in danger of being destroyed. Then, so that he might not seem to say these things for the sake of money, see what he adds: Whom the whole world worships. Do you see how he showed Paul's power to be greater, making them all out to be wretched and miserable, if a persecuted man and a tentmaker can do such things? See the testimonies to the apostles made by enemies. There they said, Behold, you have filled Jerusalem with your teaching; here, that The majesty of Artemis is about to be destroyed; then, they heard of those who have turned the world upside down, that These men are present here also; now, that This our trade is in danger of coming into disrepute. So also the Jews said concerning Christ; See, that the world is gone after him, and the Romans will come and take away our city. And hearing these things, they were filled with wrath. When did the wrath arise? When they heard about Artemis, when they heard about their gain. For such are the manners of the marketplace crowd, to be carried away and inflamed by any chance thing. For these reasons one must do everything with examination. But see how 60.298 they were also contemptible, as to be exposed to all. But when they heard this, and were full of wrath, he says, they cried out, saying; Great is Artemis of the Ephesians! And the whole city was filled with confusion; and they rushed with one accord into the theatre. And having seized Gaius and Aristarchus, Macedonians, Paul's companions in travel, they dragged them. 2. Simply they seize them again, as the Jews did with Jason, and everywhere they are exposed to them; so they had nothing full of ostentation or of glory. And when Paul wanted to enter in to the people, the disciples would not allow him. And certain of the Asiarchs, who were his friends, sent to him, desiring him not to venture himself into the theatre. They beseech him, because they were a disorderly crowd, daring everything with unreasoning impulse. And Paul is persuaded; for he was not vainglorious, nor ambitious. Some therefore cried one thing, and some another; for the assembly was confused. For such is the multitude; it simply follows like fire falling on fuel. And the greater part knew not for what cause they had come together. And they drew Alexander out of the multitude, the Jews putting him forward. The Jews put him forward by arrangement, so that they might have nothing to say against it later. This man is both put forward, and speaks, and what does he say, listen: But Alexander, beckoning with his hand, wanted to make his defence to the people. But when they knew that he was a Jew, one voice came from them all, crying for about two hours: Great is Artemis of the Ephesians. Truly a childish mind; as if fearing that their worship might be extinguished, they cried out continuously. He stayed there two years, and see how many were still Greeks. And when the town clerk had appeased the crowd, he says; Men of Ephesus, for what man is there that does not know that the city of the Ephesians is a warden of the temple of the great goddess Artemis and of that which fell from Jupiter? With this he first quenched their anger. And of that which fell from Jupiter. He says this, as if the matter were not clear. For another temple was so called Diopetes; that is, they called the idol of Artemis Diopetes, as if that image had fallen from Jupiter, and was not made by man; or another statue among them was so called. Since these things are then undeniable, you ought to be quiet, and to do nothing rash. For you have brought these men, who are neither robbers of temples, nor blasphemers of your goddess. Therefore the whole thing is a lie; but he says these things to the people, so that they too might become more reasonable. If therefore Demetrius and the craftsmen with him have a matter against any man, court days are held, and there are proconsuls; let them implead one another. But if you inquire about other matters, it shall be determined in a lawful assembly. For we are in danger of being called in question for this day's uproar, there being no cause, concerning which we shall [not] be able

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ὅτι Οἱ ὑπὸ ἀνθρώπων γινόμενοι, οὐκ εἰσὶ θεοί. Πανταχοῦ εἰς τὴν τέχνην ὠθεῖ τὸν λόγον. Εἶτα τὸ μάλιστα αὐτοὺς λυπῆσαν ὕστερον τίθησι, λέγων· Οὐ μόνον δὲ τοῦτο τὸ μέρος κινδυνεύει· τουτέστι, Τῶν μὲν ἄλλων οὐδεὶς λόγος, ἀλλ' ὅτι καὶ τὸ τῆς μεγάλης θεᾶς ἱερὸν Ἀρτέμιδος κινδυνεύει καθαιρεῖσθαι. Εἶτα ἵνα μὴ δόξῃ χρηματισμοῦ ἕνεκεν λέγειν ταῦτα, ὅρα τί προστίθησιν· Ἣν ἡ οἰκουμένη σέβεται. Ὁρᾷς πῶς ἔδειξε μείζω τὴν τοῦ Παύλου δύναμιν, πάντας ἀθλίους καὶ ταλαιπώρους αὐτοὺς ἀποφαίνων, εἴ γε ἄνθρωπος ἐλαυνόμενος καὶ σκηνοποιὸς τοσαῦτα δύναται; Ὅρα παρ' ἐχθρῶν τὰς μαρτυρίας τοῖς ἀποστόλοις γινομένας. Ἐκεῖ μὲν ἔλεγον, Ἰδοὺ πεπληρώκατε τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ τῆς διδαχῆς ὑμῶν· ἐνταῦθα, ὅτι Μέλλει καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος ἡ μεγαλειότης· τότε, Οἱ τὴν οἰκουμένην ἀναστατώσαντες ἤκουον, ὅτι Οὗτοι καὶ ἐνθάδε πάρεισι· νῦν, ὅτι Κινδυνεύει ἡμῖν τοῦτο τὸ μέρος εἰς ἀπελεγμὸν ἐλθεῖν. Οὕτω καὶ Ἰουδαῖοι ἐπὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἔλεγον· Ὁρᾶτε,ὅτι ὁ κόσμος ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ ὑπάγει, καὶ ἐλεύσονται οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι καὶ ἀροῦσιν ἡμῶν τὴν πόλιν. Ἀκούσαντες δὲ ταῦτα ἐπλήσθησαν θυμοῦ. Πότε ὁ θυμὸς γέγονεν; Ὅτε περὶ τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος ἤκουσαν, ὅτε περὶ τοῦ πορισμοῦ. Τοιαῦτα γὰρ τὰ τῶν ἀγοραίων ἤθη, ἀπὸ τοῦ τυχόντος συναρπάζεσθαι καὶ ἐκκαίεσθαι. ∆ιὰ ταῦτα μετ' ἐξετάσεως δεῖ ποιεῖν πάντα. Ὅρα δὲ πῶς καὶ 60.298 ἦσαν εὐκαταφρόνητοι, ὡς πᾶσι προκεῖσθαι. Ἀκούσαντες δὲ, καὶ γενόμενοι πλήρεις θυμοῦ, φησὶν, ἔκραζον λέγοντες· Μεγάλη ἡ Ἄρτεμις Ἐφεσίων! Καὶ ἐπλήσθη ἡ πόλις ὅλη τῆς συγχύσεως· ὥρμησάν τε ὁμοθυμαδὸν εἰς τὸ θέατρον. Συναρπάσαντες δὲ Γάϊον καὶ Ἀρίσταρχον Μακεδόνας, συνεκδήμους Παύλου, εἵλκυσαν αὐτούς. βʹ. Ἁπλῶς πάλιν ἐπίασιν ὡς ἐπὶ Ἰάσονος Ἰουδαῖοι, καὶπανταχοῦ αὐτοῖς πρόκεινται· οὕτως οὐδὲν εἶχον κόμπου γέμον οὐδὲ δόξης. Τοῦ δὲ Παύλου βουλομένου εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὸν δῆμον, οὐκ εἴων αὐτὸν οἱ μαθηταί. Τινὲς δὲ τῶν Ἀσιαρχῶν ὄντες αὐτῷ φίλοι, πέμψαντες πρὸς αὐτὸν παρεκάλουν μὴ δοῦναι ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὸ θέατρον. Παρακαλοῦσιν, ὅτι ἄτακτος ἦσαν δῆμος ἀλογίστῳ ῥύμῃ πάντα τολμῶντες. Καὶ ὁ Παῦλος πείθεται· οὐ γὰρ ἦν κενόδοξος, οὐδὲ φιλότιμος. Ἄλλοι μὲν οὖν ἄλλο τι ἔκραζον· ἦν γὰρ ἡ ἐκκλησία συγκεχυμένη. Τοιοῦτον γὰρ τὸ πλῆθος· ἁπλῶς ἕπεται καθάπερ πῦρ εἰς ὕλην ἐμπεσόν. Καὶ οἱ πλείους οὐκ ᾔδεισαν, τίνος ἕνεκεν συνεληλύθεισαν. Ἐκ δὲ τοῦ ὄχλου προεβίβασαν Ἀλέξανδρον, προβαλόντων αὐτὸν τῶν Ἰουδαίων. Προεβάλοντο Ἰουδαῖοι οἰκονομικῶς, ἵνα μηδὲν ἔχωσιν ὕστερον ἀντιλέγειν. Οὗτος καὶ προβάλλεται, καὶ φθέγγεται, καὶ τί, ἄκουε· Ὁ δὲ Ἀλέξανδρος κατασείσας τῇ χειρὶ, ἤθελεν ἀπολογεῖσθαι τῷ δήμῳ. Ἐπιγνόντες δὲ, ὅτι Ἰουδαῖός ἐστι, φωνὴ ἐγένετο μία ἐκ πάντων, ὡς ἐπὶ ὥρας δύο κραζόντων· Μεγάλη ἡ Ἄρτεμις Ἐφεσίων. Παιδικὴ ὄντως ἡ διάνοια· καθάπερ φοβούμενοι, μὴ σβεσθῇ τὸ σέβας αὐτῶν, συνεχῶς ἐβόων. ∆ύο ἔτη ἐκάθισεν ἐκεῖ, καὶ ὅρα πόσοι ἔτι Ἕλληνες ἦσαν. Καταστείλας δὲ ὁ γραμματεὺς τὸν ὄχλον, φησίν· Ἄνδρες Ἐφέσιοι, τίς γάρ ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος, ὃς οὐ γινώσκει τὴν Ἐφεσίων πόλιν νεωκόρον οὖσαν τῆς μεγάλης θεᾶς Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ τοῦ ∆ιοπετοῦς; Τούτῳ πρώτῳ τὸν θυμὸν αὐτῶν ἔσβεσε. Καὶ τοῦ διοπετοῦς. Τοῦτο λέγει, ὡς οὐκ ὄντος δήλου τοῦ πράγματος. Ἱερὸν δὲ ἕτερον οὕτω ἐκαλεῖτο ∆ιοπετές· ἤτοι τὸ εἴδωλον τοίνυν τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος ∆ιοπετὲς ἔλεγον, ὡς ἐκ τοῦ ∆ιὸς τὸ ὄστρακον ἐκεῖνο πεπτωκὸς, καὶ οὐχ ὑπὸ ἀνθρώπου γενόμενον· ἢ ἕτερον ἄγαλμα παρ' αὐτοῖς οὕτως ἐλέγετο. Ἀναντιῤῥήτων οὖν ὄντων τούτων, δέον ἐστὶν ὑμᾶς κατεσταλμένους ὑπάρχειν, καὶ μηδὲν προπετὲς πράσσειν. Ἠγάγετε γὰρ τοὺς ἄνδρας τούτους, οὔτε ἱεροσύλους, οὔτε βλασφημοῦντας τὴν θεὰν ὑμῶν. Ἄρα τὸ πᾶν ψεῦδος· ταῦτα δὲ πρὸς τὸν δῆμον, ὥστε κἀκείνους ἐπιεικεστέρους γενέσθαι, φησίν. Εἰ μὲν οὖν ∆ημήτριος καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ τεχνῖται ἔχουσι πρός τινα λόγον, ἀγοραῖοι ἄγονται, καὶ ἀνθύπατοί εἰσιν· ἐγκαλείτωσαν ἀλλήλοις. Εἰ δέ τι περὶ ἑτέρων ἐπιζητεῖτε, ἐν τῇ ἐννόμῳ ἐκκλησίᾳ ἐπιλυθήσεται. Καὶ γὰρ κινδυνεύομεν ἐγκαλεῖσθαι στάσεως περὶ τῆς σήμερον, μηδενὸς αἰτίου ὑπάρχοντος, περὶ οὗ [οὐ] δυνησόμεθα