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of fitting accusations both Christ and the apostles; but it had no strength, but nevertheless the truth has become even more resplendent, having been in no way harmed by the devil’s devices, but even shining more brightly. For if there were no impostors, and then these prevailed, perhaps someone would have found fault; but when those men also appeared, and these men prevail, this is the wonderful thing. For this reason they are not prevented from appearing, so that in this way they may shine more brightly; as he also says elsewhere: That the approved may be made manifest. It was something of this kind that Gamaliel also said, that Before these days Theudas rose up. As for the Sicarii, some say they are a kind of robbers, so-called from the swords they carried, which are called *sicæ* by the Romans; others, of the one sect among the Hebrews. For there are three general sects among them: Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes, who are also called the Holy Ones (for this is the meaning of the name Essenes) on account of the gravity of their life; and these same are also Sicarii because they are zealots. Let us not then be distressed that there are heresies, since false Christs also wished to attack Christ both before this and after this, so as to overshadow him. But the truth shines forth and is manifest everywhere. This also happened in the case of the prophets; false prophets arose, and from the comparison they shone forth more. For sickness reveals health, and darkness light, and the storm the calm. It is not possible for the Greeks to say that they were deceivers and impostors; for those men were refuted. This also happened in the time of Moses; God allowed the magicians, so that Moses would not be supposed a magician; He permitted them to teach everyone how far magic is able to produce illusions; but further they did not deceive, but themselves confessed their defeat. Those who attack us do not harm us at all; but rather they even make us better, if one is willing to pay attention. What then, he says, when we share in their reputation? It is not our fault, but the fault of those who lack judgment. Let not the opinion of the many greatly concern us, nor let us care for it beyond what is necessary. We live for God, not for men; we are citizens of heaven, not of earth; there lie the prizes and the rewards of our labors; from there we await the praise, from there the crowns. Let us be concerned for men only so far as not to give and provide them an occasion. But if, when we provide none, they wish to accuse us simply and at random, let us laugh, not weep. Provide things honest in the sight of the Lord and of men; if, while you are providing things honest, that man scoffs, care no more. You have the examples in the Scriptures. For do I now persuade men, or God? he says; and again, We persuade men, but we are made manifest unto God. And Christ thus spoke of those who were scandalized: Let them alone: they are blind leaders of the blind; and again, Woe unto you, when 60.325 all men shall speak well of you; and again: Let your works shine, that men may see, and glorify your Father which is in heaven. But if elsewhere he says, Whosoever shall scandalize one of these little ones, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea; do not be surprised; for these are not contrary, but very much in harmony. For when it comes from us, woe to us; but when not from us, no longer. And again: Woe unto you, through whom the name of God is blasphemed. What then, if I do what is right, and another blasphemes? It is nothing to you, but to him; for through him was it blasphemed. And how is it possible to do what is right, and give occasion to others? From where do you wish that I should bring you examples, from things present, or from things past? That we may not be fearful, do you wish that we should speak of this very thing now at hand? Paul Judaized in Jerusalem, but in Antioch no longer; he Judaized and they were scandalized, but they were not justly scandalized. It is said that he greeted Nero's cupbearer and concubine; how many things do you think they said against him for this? But not justly. For if he had greeted them with licentiousness, or

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προσηκόντων ἐγκλημάτων καὶ τὸν Χριστὸν καὶ τοὺς ἀποστόλους· ἀλλ' οὐδὲν ἴσχυσεν, ἀλλ' ὅμως ἔτι λαμπροτέρα γέγονεν ἡ ἀλήθεια, οὐδὲν παραβλαβεῖσα τοῖς τοῦ διαβόλου μηχανήμασιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ μᾶλλον λάμψασα. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ μὴ ἦσαν γόητες, εἶτα οὗτοι ἐκράτουν, τάχα ἄν τις ἐπελάβετο· ὅτε δὲ καὶ ἐκεῖνοι ἐφάνησαν, οὗτοι κρατοῦσι, τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ θαυμαστόν. ∆ιὸ καὶ φανῆναι οὐ κωλύονται, ἵνα καὶ οὕτω μᾶλλον λάμψωσιν· ὥσπερ οὗτος καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ λέγει· Ἵνα οἱ δόκιμοι φανεροὶ γένωνται. Τοιοῦτό τι ἦν, ὃ καὶ Γαμαλιῆλος ἔλεγεν, ὅτι Πρὸ τούτων τῶν ἡμερῶν ἀνέστη Θευδᾶς. Τοὺς δὲ σικαρίους, οἱ μὲν γένος τι λῃστῶν φασιν αὐτοὺς εἶναι, οὕτω καλουμένους ἀφ' ὧν ἐπεφέροντο ξιφῶν, σικῶν λεγομένων παρὰ Ῥωμαίοις· οἱ δὲ τῆς μιᾶς αἱρέσεως τῆς παρ' Ἑβραίοις. Τρεῖς γάρ εἰσι παρ' αὐτοῖς αἱρέσεις αἱ γενικαὶ, Φαρισαῖοι, Σαδδουκαῖοι, καὶ Ἐσσηνοὶ, οἱ καὶ Ὅσιοι λέγονται (τοῦτο γάρ ἐστι τὸ Ἐσσηνοὶ ὄνομα) διὰ τὸ τοῦ βίου σεμνόν· οἱ αὐτοὶ δὲ καὶ Σικάριοι διὰ τὸ εἶναι ζηλωταί. Μὴ τοίνυν ἀλγῶμεν, ὅτι αἱρέσεις εἰσὶν, ὅπου καὶ ψευδόχριστοι καὶ τῷ Χριστῷ ἐπιθέσθαι ἠθέλησαν καὶ πρὸ τούτου καὶ μετὰ τοῦτο, ὥστε συσκιάσαι. Ἀλλ' ἡ ἀλήθεια λάμπει καὶ διάδηλός ἐστι πανταχοῦ. Τοῦτο καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν προφητῶν γέγονε· γεγόνασι ψευδοπροφῆται, καὶ ἀπὸ συγκρίσεως μᾶλλον ἔλαμψαν. Καὶ γὰρ ἡ νόσος τὴν ὑγείαν φανερὰν δείκνυσι, καὶ τὸ σκότος τὸ φῶς, καὶ τὴν γαλήνην ὁ χειμών. Οὐκ ἔνι εἰπεῖν τοὺς Ἕλληνας, ὅτι πλάνοι καὶ γόητες ἦσαν· ἐκεῖνοι γὰρ ἠλέγχθησαν. Τοῦτο καὶ ἐπὶ Μωϋσέως γέγονε· συνεχώρησεν ὁ Θεὸς τοὺς μάγους, ἵνα μὴ μάγος ὑποληφθῇ Μωϋσῆς· εἴασεν αὐτοὺς διδάξαι πάντας μέχρι πόσου μαγεία φαντάσαι δύναται· περαιτέρω δὲ οὐκ ἠπάτησαν, ἀλλ' αὐτοὶ τὴν ἧτταν ὡμολόγησαν. Οὐδὲν ἡμᾶς βλάπτουσιν οἱ ἐπιθέται· μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ ποιοῦσι βελτίους, ἄν τις θέλῃ προσέχειν τὸν νοῦν. Τί οὖν, φησὶν, ὅταν κοινωνῶμεν αὐτοῖς τῆς δόξης; Οὐ παρ' ἡμᾶς, ἀλλὰ παρὰ τοὺς οὐκ ἔχοντας κρίσιν. Μὴ σφόδρα μελέτω τῆς δόξης ἡμῖν τῆς τῶν πολλῶν, μηδὲ πέρα τοῦ δέοντος αὐτῆς φροντίζωμεν. Θεῷ ζῶμεν, οὐκ ἀνθρώποις· ἐν οὐρανῷ πολιτευόμεθα, οὐκ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς· ἐκεῖ τὰ βραβεῖα καὶ τὰ ἔπαθλα κεῖται τῶν ἡμετέρων πόνων· ἐκεῖθεν προσδοκῶμεν τοὺς ἐπαίνους, ἐκεῖθεν τοὺς στεφάνους. Μέχρι τοσούτου φροντίζωμεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, μέχρι τοῦ μὴ διδόναι καὶ παρέχειν αὐτοῖς λαβήν. Ἂν δὲ ἡμῶν μὴ παρεχόντων ἐκεῖνοι θέλωσιν ἁπλῶς καὶ εἰκῇ κατηγορεῖν, γελῶμεν, μὴ δακρύωμεν. Σὺ προνόει καλὰ ἐνώπιον Κυρίου καὶ ἀνθρώπων· ἂν σοῦ προνοοῦντος καλὰ ἐκεῖνος σκώπτῃ, μηκέτι φρόντιζε. Ἔχεις τὰ ὑποδείγματα ἐν ταῖς Γραφαῖς. Ἄρτι γὰρ ἀνθρώπους πείθω, ἢ τὸν Θεόν; φησί· καὶ πάλιν, Ἀνθρώπους πείθομεν, Θεῷ δὲ πεφανερώμεθα. Καὶ ὁ Χριστὸς οὕτως ἐπὶ τῶν σκανδαλιζομένων ἔλεγεν· Ἄφες αὐτοὺς, ὁδηγοί εἰσι τυφλοὶ τυφλῶν· καὶ πάλιν, Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, ὅταν 60.325 καλῶς ὑμᾶς εἴπωσιν πάντες οἱ ἄνθρωποι· καὶ πάλιν· Λαμψάτω τὰ ἔργα ὑμῶν, ὅπως ἴδωσιν οἱ ἄνθρωποι, καὶ δοξάσωσι τὸν Πατέρα ὑμῶν τὸν ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς. Εἰ δὲ ἀλλαχοῦ λέγει· Ὃς ἐὰν σκανδαλίσῃ ἕνα τῶν μικρῶν τούτων, συμφέρει αὐτῷ ἵνα κρεμασθῇ μύλος ὀνικὸς περὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ, καὶ καταποντισθῇ ἐν τῷ πελάγει τῆς θαλάσσης· μὴ θαυμάσῃς· οὐ γάρ ἐστι ταῦτα ἐναντία, ἀλλὰ καὶ σφόδρα συνᾴδοντα. Ὅταν μὲν γὰρ παρ' ἡμᾶς γένηται, οὐαὶ ἡμῖν· ὅταν δὲ μὴ παρ' ἡμᾶς, οὐκέτι. Καὶ πάλιν· Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, δι' οὓς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ βλασφημεῖται. Τί οὖν, ἂν ἐγὼ μὲν ποιῶ τι τῶν δεόντων, ἕτερος δὲ βλασφημῇ; Οὐδὲν πρὸς σὲ, ἀλλὰ πρὸς ἐκεῖνον· δι' ἐκείνου γὰρ ἐβλασφημήθη. Καὶ πῶς ἔνι πρᾶξαί τι τῶν δεόντων, καὶ δοῦναι τοῖς ἄλλοις λαβήν; Πόθεν βούλεσθε, ἀπὸ τῶν νῦν ὄντων, ἢ ἀπὸ τῶν παλαιῶν τὰ παραδείγματα ὑμῖν ἀγάγω; Ἵνα μὴ ψοφοδεεῖς ὦμεν, βούλεσθε αὐτὸ δὴ τοῦτο τὸ νῦν μετὰ χεῖρας εἴπωμεν; Ἰουδάϊζεν ὁ Παῦλος ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις, ἀλλ' ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ οὐκ ἔτι· ἰουδάϊζε καὶ ἐσκανδαλίζοντο, ἀλλ' οὐ δικαίως ἐσκανδαλίζοντο ἐκεῖνοι. Λέγεται Νέρωνος καὶ οἰνοχόον καὶ παλλακίδα ἀσπάσαι· πόσα οἴεσθε κατ' αὐτοῦ εἰρηκέναι αὐτοὺς διὰ τοῦτο; Ἀλλ' οὐ δικαίως. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἐπὶ ἀσελγείᾳ ἠσπάσατο, ἢ