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wishing to do the Jews a favor, answered Paul, and said, 'Are you willing to go up to Jerusalem, and there be judged of these things before me?' See how he also favors the Jews, an entire people, and a city. For this reason again he also frightens him, using a human 60.353 weapon; and hear how. Then Paul said, 'I stand at Caesar's judgment seat, where I ought to be judged. To the Jews I have done no wrong, as you also know very well. For if I am an offender, or have committed anything worthy of death, I do not refuse to die; but if there is nothing to these things of which they accuse me, no one can deliver me to them. I appeal to Caesar.' But someone might say here: And for what reason, having heard, 'And you must also bear witness for me in Rome,' did he do this as though disbelieving? By no means, but rather strongly believing. Therefore, it would have been more like one who tempts to be confident in that declaration, and to cast himself into countless dangers, and to say: 'Let us see if God is able even so to deliver me.' But Paul does not do this, but contributes all that is in his power, entrusting the whole matter to God; and gently he also reproves the governor, defending himself in this way; for he all but says this: 'If I do wrong, fine; but if I do not do wrong, why do you hand me over?' No one can, he says, deliver me as a favor. He struck fear into him so that he would not even willingly do them the favor, but would also have the appeal as a defense to them. Then Festus, when he had conferred with the council, answered, 'You have appealed to Caesar; to Caesar you shall go.' b. See, he confers with Agrippa, so that others again might become hearers, both the king, and the army, and Bernice. Then again a defense. And after some days had passed, Agrippa the king and Bernice arrived at Caesarea to greet Festus. And as they were spending many days there, Festus laid Paul's case before the king, saying: 'There is a certain man left a prisoner by Felix; 'about whom, when I was at Jerusalem, the chief priests and the elders of the Jews informed me, asking for a judgment against him.' 'To whom I answered that it is not the custom of the Romans to deliver any man to destruction, before the accused has the accusers face to face, and has opportunity to make his defense concerning the charge.' 'Therefore, when they had come together here, without any delay, on the next day I sat on the judgment seat, and commanded the man to be brought.' 'Against whom, when the accusers stood up, they brought no accusation of such things as I supposed; 'but had certain questions against him about their own superstition, and about a certain Jesus, who was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive.' 'And because I was doubtful of such a question, I asked whether he was willing to go to Jerusalem, and there be judged of these matters.' 'But when Paul had appealed to be reserved for the hearing of Augustus, I commanded him to be kept till I might send him to Caesar.' Then Agrippa said to Festus, 'I also would like to hear the man myself.' And he said, 'Tomorrow you shall hear him.' See the accusation of the Jews again, not from Paul, but from the governor. The chief priests and the elders of the Jews, he says, informed me, asking for a judgment against him. To whom I answered. See also what he answers to their shame: 'that it is not the custom of the Romans to deliver any man to destruction;' that is, before giving him a hearing, it is impossible simply to do them a favor. And having acted according to custom, he found no cause; whence also he is at a loss about this. And this is clear 60.354 from what he added, saying: 'And because I was doubtful of this question.' Thus he spoke, glossing over his own mistake. And while he glosses it over, Agrippa desires to see him. See how the rulers are always putting off the Jewish odiousness, and are often compelled to act against justice, and seek for pretexts for delay; for he did not put it off out of ignorance, but knowingly. But Agrippa not only does not put it off, but also wishes to hear; which is also worthy of admiration, whence he came to the desire of

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τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις θέλων χάριν καταθέσθαι, ἀποκριθεὶς τῷ Παύλῳ, εἶπε· Θέλεις εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα ἀναβὰς, ἐκεῖ περὶ τούτων κρίνεσθαι ἐπ' ἐμοῦ; Ὅρα πῶς καὶ αὐτὸς τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις χαρίζεται, δήμῳ ὁλοκλήρῳ, καὶ πόλει. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο πάλιν καὶ αὐτὸν ἐκφοβεῖ, ἀνθρω 60.353 πίνῳ χρησάμενος ὅπλῳ· καὶ ἄκουε πῶς. Εἶπε δὲ ὁ Παῦλος· Ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος Καίσαρος ἑστώς εἰμι, οὗ με δεῖ κρίνεσθαι. Ἰουδαίους οὐδὲν ἠδίκησα, ὡς καὶ σὺ κάλλιον ἐπιγινώσκεις. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἀδικῶ, καὶ ἄξιον θανάτου πέπραχά τι, οὐ παραιτοῦμαι τὸ ἀποθανεῖν· εἰ δὲ οὐδέν ἐστιν ὧν οὗτοι κατηγοροῦσί μου, οὐδείς με δύναται αὐτοῖς χαρίσασθαι. Καίσαρα ἐπικαλοῦμαι. Ἀλλ' εἴποι ἄν τις ἐνταῦθα· Καὶ τίνος ἕνεκεν ἀκούσας, ὅτι Καὶ ἐν Ῥώμῃ σε δεῖ μαρτυρῆσαι τὰ περὶ ἐμοῦ, ὡς ἀπιστῶν ταῦτα ἐποίει; Μὴ γένοιτο, ἀλλὰ καὶ σφόδρα πιστεύων. Μᾶλλον οὖν πειράζοντος ἦν τὸ θαῤῥεῖν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἀποφάσει, καὶ εἰς μυρίους ἑαυτὸν ἐμβάλλειν κινδύνους, καὶ λέγειν· Ἴδωμεν εἰ δύναται ὁ Θεὸς καὶ οὕτως ἐξελέσθαι με. Ἀλλ' οὐ ποιεῖ τοῦτο Παῦλος, ἀλλὰ τὰ καθ' ἑαυτὸν πάντα εἰσφέρει, τὸ πᾶν ἐπιτρέπων τῷ Θεῷ· ἠρέμα δὲ καὶ καθάπτεται τοῦ ἄρχοντος οὕτως ἀπολογούμενος· μονονουχὶ γὰρ τοῦτο λέγει· Εἰ μὲν ἀδικῶ, καλῶς· εἰ δὲ οὐκ ἀδικῶ, τί με ἐκδίδως; Οὐδεὶς δύναταί με, φησὶ, χαρίσασθαι. Εἰς φόβον αὐτὸν ἐνέβαλεν ὥστε μηδὲ ἑκόντα χαρίσασθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ πρὸς ἐκείνους ἔχειν ἀπολογίαν τὴν ἔφεσιν. Τότε ὁ Φῆστος συλλαλήσας μετὰ τοῦ συμβουλίου, ἀπεκρίθη· Καίσαρα ἐπικέκλησαι, ἐπὶ Καίσαρα πορεύσῃ. βʹ. Ὅρα, ἀνακοινοῦται τῷ Ἀγρίππᾳ, ὥστε καὶ ἑτέρους γενέσθαι πάλιν ἀκροατὰς, καὶ τὸν βασιλέα, καὶ τὸν στρατὸν, καὶ τὴν Βερνίκην. Εἶτα δὲ πάλιν ἀπολογία. Ἡμερῶν δὲ διαγενομένων, Ἀγρίππας ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ Βερνίκη κατήντησαν εἰς Καισάρειαν ἀσπασόμενοι τὸν Φῆστον. Ὡς δὲ πλείους ἡμέρας διέτριβον ἐκεῖ, ὁ Φῆστος τῷ βασιλεῖ ἀνέθετο τὰ κατὰ τὸν Παῦλον, λέγων· Ἀνήρ τίς ἐστι καταλελειμμένος ὑπὸ Φήλικος δέσμιος· περὶ οὗ, γενομένου μου εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα, ἐνεφάνισαν οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι τῶν Ἰουδαίων, αἰτούμενοι κατ' αὐτοῦ δίκην. Πρὸς οὓς ἀπεκρίθην, ὅτι Οὐκ ἔστιν ἔθος Ῥωμαίοις χαρίζεσθαί τινα ἄνθρωπον εἰς ἀπώλειαν, πρὶν ἢ ὁ κατηγορούμενος κατὰ πρόσωπον ἔχοι τοὺς κατηγόρους, τόπον τε ἀπολογίας λάβοι περὶ τοῦ ἐγκλήματος. Συνελθόντων οὖν αὐτῶν ἐνθάδε, ἀναβολὴν μηδεμίαν ποιησάμενος, τῇ ἑξῆς καθίσας ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος, ἐκέλευσα ἀχθῆναι τὸν ἄνδρα. Περὶ οὗ σταθέντες οἱ κατήγοροι οὐδεμίαν αἰτίαν ἐπέφερον, ὧν ὑπενόουν ἐγώ· ζητήματα δέ τινα περὶ τῆς ἰδίας δεισιδαιμονίας εἶχον πρὸς αὐτὸν, καὶ περί τινος Ἰησοῦ τεθνηκότος, ὃν ἔφασκεν ὁ Παῦλος ζῇν. Ἀπορούμενος δὲ ἐγὼ περὶ τὴν τούτου ζήτησιν, ἔλεγον, εἰ βούλοιτο πορεύεσθαι εἰς Ἱερουσαλὴμ, κἀκεῖ κρίνεσθαι περὶ τούτων. Τοῦ δὲ Παύλου ἐπικαλεσαμένου τηρηθῆναι αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν τοῦ Σεβαστοῦ διάγνωσιν, ἐκέλευσα τηρεῖσθαι αὐτὸν, ἕως ἂν πέμψω αὐτὸν πρὸς Καίσαρα. Ἀγρίππας δὲ πρὸς τὸν Φῆστον ἔφη· Ἐβουλόμην καὶ αὐτὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἀκοῦσαι. Ὁ δὲ, Αὔριον, φησὶν, ἀκούσῃ αὐτοῦ. Ὅρα κατηγορίαν Ἰουδαίων πάλιν, οὐ παρὰ τοῦ Παύλου, ἀλλὰ παρὰ τοῦ ἄρχοντος. Ἐνεφάνισαν, φησὶν, οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι τῶν Ἰουδαίων, αἰτούμενοι κατ' αὐτοῦ δίκην. Πρὸς οὓς ἐγὼ ἀπεκρίθην. Ὅρα καὶ τί ἀποκρίνεται εἰς αἰσχύνην αὐτῶν· ὅτι Οὐκ ἔστιν ἔθος Ῥωμαίοις χαρίζεσθαί τινα ἄνθρωπον εἰς ἀπώλειαν· τουτέστι, πρὶν ἢ λόγου αὐτῷ μεταδοῦναι ἀδύνατον τὸ χαρίζεσθαι ἁπλῶς. Κατὰ τὸ εἰωθὸς δὲ ποιήσας, οὐχ εὗρεν αἰτίαν· ὅθεν καὶ ἀπορεῖται ἐπὶ τούτῳ. Καὶ δῆλον 60.354 τοῦτο δι' ὧν ἐπήγαγε, λέγων· Ἀπορούμενος δὲ ἐγὼ περὶ τὴν τούτων ζήτησιν. Οὕτως εἶπε, συσκιάζων τὸ οἰκεῖον ἁμάρτημα. Καὶ ἐκεῖνος μὲν συσκιάζει, Ἀγρίππας δὲ ἐπιθυμεῖ ἰδεῖν αὐτόν. Ὅρα ἀεὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας διακρουομένους τὴν ἐπάχθειαν τὴν Ἰουδαϊκὴν, καὶ παρὰ τὸ δίκαιον ἀναγκαζομένους πολλάκις ποιεῖν, καὶ προφάσεις ἐπιζητοῦντας τῆς ἀναβολῆς· οὐ γὰρ δὴ ἀγνοῶν ἀνεβάλετο, ἀλλ' εἰδώς. Ὁ δὲ Ἀγρίππας οὐ μόνον οὐ διακρούεται, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀκοῦσαι βούλεται· ὃ καὶ θαυμάσαι ἄξιον, πόθεν εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν κατέστη τοῦ