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they dwelled. But Noah, having planted a vineyard, drank of the wine and became drunk and was naked. But Ham, seeing the nakedness of his father, announced it to his brothers, as if mocking his 1.22 father. But they, placing the garment on their back, covered their father’s nakedness, going backwards and not looking at their father. Therefore, when Noah awoke from his wine, he rewarded the ones with blessings, but cursed Ham. And the plain where the sons of Noah dwelled is called Shinar. And when many children were born to each one and they advanced into generations, their descendants multiplied. And a certain Nimrod, a grandson of Ham, who first appeared as a giant on the earth, bold and mighty in hand, beginning to rule over the others, established matters into a tyranny, and proposed to them to build a tower constructed of baked brick and asphalt. But God, seeing them so frenzied, made them of different tongues and unintelligible of one another’s speech through the division of languages. And the place in which they were building the tower is now called Babylon because of the confusion concerning the dialect; for the Hebrews call confusion Babel. So they were scattered then by the diversity of tongues, so that every continent and island was filled with them. And when the descendants of Noah were scattered, from them the nations were constituted and named. For Japheth begat seven sons, who came forth from the Taurus and Amanus mountains, in Asia as far as the river Tanais, and in Europe as far as Gadeira; by whose names nations were also called, the Gomareis from Gomer, who are now called Galatians; and Magog named those from him Magogians, but they are now called Scythians. And from Javan, Ionians and all Greeks were called, and from Madai, Madaians, who are now addressed as Medes. And Thobel named those from him Thobelians; these are the Ibe1.23rians. And Mosoch was the founder of the race of the Meschenians; these are considered Cappadocians. And Thiras called those from him Thirasians, who were later renamed Thracians. And from the descendants of Japheth, the Aschanaxians, who are called Rhegians, were brought forth from Ashkenaz, and the Riphathaeans, as they formerly called the Paphlagonians, are believed to draw their lineage from Riphath; and the Thorgamaeans inscribe Thorgama as their forefather, who were later renamed Phrygians. And Elisha became the founder of the Elishaens, who are the Aeolians. And Tharsus was the forefather of the Tharsians; for in ancient times the Cilicians were called Tharsians; whence also the most notable of their cities is called Tarsus, the theta having been changed to a tau. For so it is written in Josephus concerning Tarsus. But others say that Perseus, having visited the land of the Cilicians and wishing to found a city, and while showing the place for the city to the builders, struck the ground with the flat of his foot, and from this the city was named Tarsus. And Chethim colonized the island Chethima; this is Cyprus, so called by the Greeks because of their goddess Aphrodite, whom they address as Cypris. And the children of Ham held the land from Syria and Amanus and Lebanon, the mountains, and as much of it as was turned towards the sea they have occupied as far as the ocean. And from Cush came the Cushites; these are the Ethiopians. And Mesrem became the forefather of the Mestraeans; so are the Egyptians called, and the land of Egypt is named Mestrēn. And Phut inhabited Libya, and he called the people of the country Phutites, and the country itself Phut. But its name was alter1.24ed afterwards to Libya from 1.24 Libys, son of Mesrem. And Canaan, colonizing the land later called Judaea, named it Canaanite and those from it Canaanites. And the children of Mesrem held the land from Gaza to Egypt. But only the portion of Philistieim has preserved the name, which the Greeks have named Palestine. And Sidonius, the first-born child of Canaan, established a city in Phoenicia, calling it Sidon. And Amathi founded the city Amatha, which the Macedonians from one of the Ptolemies called Epiphanes

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κατῴκησαν. Νῶε δὲ φυτεύσας ἀμπελῶνα επιεν ἐκ τοῦ οινου καὶ ἐμεθύσθη καὶ ἐγυμνώθη. Χὰμ δὲ τὴν γύμνωσιν ἰδὼν τοῦ πατρὸς τοῖς συγγόνοις ἀνήγγειλεν οιον ἐπεγγελῶν τῷ 1.22 πατρί. οἱ δὲ κατὰ νώτου θέμενοι τὸ ἱμάτιον τὴν πατρικὴν ἐκάλυψαν γύμνωσιν, ὀπισθοφανῶς ἰόντες καὶ μὴ προσβλέψαντες τῷ πατρί. διὸ καὶ ἀνανήψας ὁ Νῶε τοὺς μὲν εὐχαῖς ἠμείψατο, τῷ δὲ Χὰμ κατηράσατο. τὸ δὲ πεδίον, ο κατῴκουν οἱ υἱοὶ Νῶε, κέκληται Σεναάρ. πολλῶν δὲ γενομένων ἑκάστῳ παίδων καὶ εἰς γενεὰς προελθόντων ἐπληθύνθησαν οἱ τούτων ἀπόγονοι. Νεβρὼδ δέ τις τοῦ Χὰμ υἱωνός, ος πρῶτος γίγας ωφθη ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, τολμηρὸς καὶ κατὰ χεῖρα γενναῖος, τῶν αλλων κατάρχων εἰς τυραννίδα τὰ πράγματα περιέστησε, καὶ πύργον οἰκοδομεῖν αὐτοῖς ὑπέθετο ἐξ ὀπτῆς πλίνθου καὶ ἀσφάλτου δεδομημένον. ουτω δὲ μεμηνότας ὁρῶν αὐτοὺς ὁ θεός, ἑτερογλώσσους εἰργάσατο καὶ ἀσυνέτους τῶν παρ' ἀλλήλων φωνῶν διὰ τοῦ τῶν γλωσσῶν μερισμοῦ. ὁ δὲ τόπος, ἐν ῳ τὸν πύργον ᾠκοδόμουν, νῦν Βαβυλὼν καλεῖται διὰ τὴν σύγχυσιν τὴν περὶ τὴν διάλεκτον· ̔Εβραῖοι γὰρ βαβὲλ καλοῦσι τὴν σύγχυσιν. σκίδνανται δὲ λοιπὸν ὑπὸ τῆς ἀλλογλωσσίας, ὡς πᾶσαν ηπειρον καὶ νῆσον πληρωθῆναι αὐτῶν. Σκεδασθέντων δὲ τῶν ἀπογόνων τοῦ Νῶε ἐξ ἐκείνων τὰ εθνη συνέστησάν τε καὶ ὠνομάσθησαν. ἑπτὰ γοῦν υἱοὺς ὁ ̓Ιάφεθ ἐγέννησεν, οι ἀπὸ Ταύρου καὶ ̓Αμανοῦ τῶν ὀρῶν προῆλθον, ἐπὶ μὲν τῆς ̓Ασίας αχρι ποταμοῦ Τανάιδος, ἐπὶ δὲ τῆς Εὐρώπης εως Γαδείρων· ων τοῖς ὀνόμασι καὶ εθνη ἐπεκλήθησαν, Γομαρεῖς μὲν ἀπὸ Γάμερ, οἱ νῦν Γαλάται λεγόμενοι· Μαγώγας δὲ τοὺς ἐξ αὐτοῦ ὠνόμασεν ὁ Μαγώγ, Σκύθαι δὲ νῦν καλοῦνται. ἐκ δὲ ̓Ιωβὰν Ιωνες καὶ πάντες Ελληνες ἐπεκλήθησαν, ἐκ Μαδαῒ δὲ Μαδαῖοι, οι Μῆδοι προσαγορεύονται νῦν. Θοβὲλ δὲ Θοβήλους τοὺς ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἐπωνόμασεν· ουτοι δ' εἰσὶν Ιβη1.23 ρες. ὁ δέ γε Μοσὸχ τοῦ γένους κατῆρξε τῶν Μεσχηνῶν· Καππαδόκαι δ' ουτοι νομίζονται. Θειρᾶς δὲ Θείρας τοὺς ἐξ αὐτοῦ προσηγόρευσεν, οι Θρᾷκες μετωνομάσθησαν υστερον. ἐκ δὲ τῶν ἐκγόνων ̓Ιάφεθ ̓Ασχανάξαι μὲν οἱ κληθέντες ̔Ρηγῆνες ἐξ ̓Ασχανὰξπροήχθησαν, ̔Ριφαθαῖοι δέ, ουτω πρὶν τοὺς Παφλαγόνας ἐκάλουν, ἐκ ̔Ριφὰθ τὸ γένος ελκειν πιστεύονται· καὶ Θοργαμαῖοι τὸν Θοργαμᾶ πρόγονον ἑαυτοῖς ἐπιγράφουσιν, οι Φρύγες μετεκλήθησαν υστερον. ̓Ελισὰν δὲ ̓Ελισαίων ἀρχηγέτης ἐγένετο, οιπερ εἰσὶν Αἰολεῖς. καὶ Θαρσεὺς δὲ τῶν Θαρσέων ἐχρημάτισε πρόγονος· τὸ γὰρ πάλαι Θαρσεῖς ἐκαλοῦντο οἱ Κίλικες· οθεν καὶ ἡ τῶν παρ' αὐτοῖς πόλεων ἀξιολογωτέρα Ταρσὸς καλεῖται, τοῦ θῆτα μεταβληθέντος εἰς ταῦ. ουτως γὰρ τῷ ̓Ιωσήπῳ γέγραπται περὶ τῆς Ταρσοῦ. ετεροι δὲ τὸν Περσέα φασὶν τῇ τῶν Κιλίκων χώρᾳ ἐπιδημήσαντα καὶ πόλιν βουληθέντα κτίσαι καὶ τὸν τόπον τῆς πόλεως τοῖς οἰκοδόμοις δεικνύοντα τῷ ταρσῷ τοῦ ποδὸς πατάξαι τὴν γῆν, κἀντεῦθεν ἐπικληθῆναι τὴν πόλιν Ταρσόν. Χέθιμα δὲ τὴν νῆσον συνῴκισεν ὁ Χεθίμ· ἡ Κύπρος αυτη ἐστί, παρ' ̔Ελλήνων ουτω κληθεῖσα διὰ τὴν παρ' αὐτοῖς θεὸν τὴν ̓Αφροδίτην, ην Κύπριν προσαγορεύουσιν. Οἱ δέ γε παῖδες τοῦ Χὰμ τὴν ἀπὸ Συρίας καὶ ̓Αμανοῦ καὶ Λιβάνου τῶν ὀρῶν γῆν κατέσχον, καὶ οσα πρὸς θάλασσαν αὐτῆς ἐτέτραπτο μέχρις ὠκεανοῦ κατειλήφασι. καὶ προήλθοσαν ἐκ μὲν Χοῦς Χουσαῖοι· Αἰθίοπες ουτοί εἰσι. Μεσρὲμ δὲ Μεστραίων προπάτωρ ἐγένετο· ουτω δὲ καλοῦνται οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι, καὶ ἡ τῆς Αἰγύπτου χώρα Μεστρὴν ὀνομάζεται. Φοὺτ δὲ τὴν Λιβύην κατῴκησε, καὶ Φούτους τοὺς τῆς χώρας ἐκάλεσε, Φούτην δὲ τὴν χώραν αὐτήν. μετε1.24 βλήθη δ' ἡ κλῆσις αὐτῆς μετέπειτα εἰς Λιβύην ἐκ 1.24 Λίβυος υἱοῦ Μεσρέμ. Χαναὰν δὲ τὴν κληθεῖσαν υστερον ̓Ιουδαίαν συνοικίσας Χαναναίαν αὐτὴν προσηγόρευσε καὶ Χαναναίους τοὺς ἐξ αὐτῆς. οἱ δὲ Μεσρὲμ παῖδες τὴν ἀπὸ Γάζης εως Αἰγύπτου κατέσχον γῆν. μόνου δὲ Φιλιστιεὶμ τὴν ἐπωνυμίαν διεφύλαξεν ἡ ἐκείνου μερίς, ην Παλαιστίνην Ελληνες ὠνομάκασιν. Σιδώνιος δὲ πρωτότοκος παῖς Χαναὰν ἐν Φοινίκῃ πόλιν ἀνέστησε, Σιδῶνα καλέσας αὐτήν. ̓Αμαθὶ δὲ ̓Αμάθην εκτισε πόλιν, ην Μακεδόνες ἀφ' ἑνὸς τῶν Πτολεμαίων ̓Επιφανοῦς λεγομένου