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to be of his 2.73 fortune, which he used as a fellow soldier to overcome those who could not be taken. Now the number of all the captives who were taken throughout the whole war was collected to ninety-seven thousand, and of those who perished during the entire siege, one million one hundred thousand. The greater part of these were of the same race, but not natives; for having come together from the whole country for the feast of unleavened bread, they were suddenly shut in by the war, and the war surrounded a city full of men. And when the Romans had either killed or taken captive those who were visible, they searched for those in the underground passages, and breaking up the ground, they killed as many as they came upon. And there were found there more than two thousand dead. And a dreadful stench of the bodies met those who stooped down, so that many immediately withdrew. But others out of greed entered, treading on heaps of corpses; for they found many of the treasures in the tunnels. And many prisoners held by the tyrants were brought up and released. Of these avengers, John, starving in the underground passages with his brothers, begged to receive a pledge from the Romans, but Simon was captured afterwards, while Titus was proceeding to the city called Caesarea Philippi. For when Jerusalem was being besieged, being in the upper city, when the Romans got inside the city, Simon, taking his most faithful friends, and with them stonemasons and the iron tools suitable for this work, let himself down with them into one of the underground passages, and having passed through the old mine, he tunneled under the 2.74 earth, so that by proceeding further they might make their emergence in safety. However, when the miners had advanced a little way, their food failed them. Then indeed he put on white tunics, and fastening a purple cloak, he emerged from the earth at that place where the temple had previously been. At first, then, amazement fell upon those who saw him, but then approaching nearer they asked who he was. And Simon ordered them to call their commander. And Terentius Rufus, who had been left as commander of the army, came when he was called. To whom Simon, having made known who he was, was arrested and, being bound, was kept under guard. And his capture was reported to Titus. And he was kept for the triumph, during which he was also killed, being dragged with a noose in the forum at Rome, where it is customary for the Romans to kill those condemned to death for villainy. This, then, was the end of Simon, son of Gioras; but John, the remaining Fury of the Jews, was condemned to perpetual imprisonment. The multitude of the captives was partly sent to the works in Egypt, and partly was destroyed in the spectacles held in the cities, being given over either to fights with wild beasts or to killing one another. And Simon's emergence from the earth caused a great multitude of the other rebels to be found in the underground passages, so that from this the foundations of the temple were also dug up. And danger was brought not only upon the Jews in Jerusalem, but also upon those in the other cities. But it is a difficult task to narrate everything; but what happened in Antioch to the Jews who lived there 2.75 must be narrated. For the Jewish nation was scattered throughout the whole world, having been taken captive many times, as has already been recorded, and dispersed everywhere; but most of it was intermingled in Syria because of its proximity, and more than the other cities of this country, Antioch possessed Jewish inhabitants, both on account of the size of the city and because the kings after Antiochus had granted them a secure residence in it. For Antiochus Epiphanes had both sacked Jerusalem and plundered the temple, but the kings after him permitted them to share in the city on equal terms with the Greeks. For this reason they also increased in number, bringing a great multitude of Greeks to their religion. But at the time when the war of Jerusalem broke out and Vespasian sailed to Syria, and the hatred against the nation flourished among all, then indeed a certain Jew, Antiochus, son of the prominent

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ειναι τῆς 2.73 αὐτοῦ τύχης, ῃ συστρατιώτιδι χρησάμενος ἐκράτησε τῶν ἁλῶναι μὴ δυναμένων. Τῶν μὲν ουν αἰχμαλώτων πάντων, οι δι' ολου τοῦ πολέμου ἐλήφθησαν, ὁ ἀριθμὸς εἰς ἐννέα μυριάδας καὶ ἑπτακισχιλίους συνήχθη, τῶν δὲ ἀπολλυμένων κατὰ πᾶσαν τὴν πολιορκίαν μυριάδες ἑκατὸν καὶ δέκα. τούτων τὸ πλέον ὁμόφυλον μέν, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἐπιχώριον· ἀπὸ γὰρ τῆς χώρας ολης ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν ἀζύμων ἑορτὴν συνεληλυθότες ἐξαπίνης τῷ πολέμῳ περιεσχέθησαν, καὶ μεστὴν ὁ πόλεμος τὴν πόλιν ἀνδρῶν ἐκυκλώσατο. ̓Επεὶ δὲ τῶν φανερῶν ους μὲν ἀνεῖλον, ους δ' ᾐχμαλώτισαν ̔Ρωμαῖοι, τοὺς ἐν τοῖς ὑπονόμοις ἀνηρεύνων, καὶ ἀναρρηγνύντες τὸ εδαφος, οσοις ἐνετύγχανον, εκτεινον. εὑρέθησαν δὲ κἀκεῖ νεκροὶ δισχιλίων ἐπέκεινα. δεινὴ δὲ ὑπήντα τοῖς ἐπικύπτουσι τῶν σωμάτων ὀδμή, ὡς πολλοὺς εὐθέως ἀναχωρεῖν. αλλοι δ' ὑπὸ πλεονεξίας εἰσεδύοντο, σωρείαις ἐμπατοῦντες νεκρῶν· ευρισκον γὰρ πολλὰ τῶν κειμηλίων ἐν ταῖς διώρυξιν. ἀνήγοντο δὲ καὶ πολλοὶ ὑπὸ τῶν τυράννων κατεχόμενοι δεσμῶται καὶ ἀπελύοντο. Τούτων δὲ τῶν ἀλαστόρων ὁ μὲν ̓Ιωάννης ἐν τοῖς ὑπονόμοις μετὰ τῶν ἀδελφῶν λιμώττων δεξιὰν παρὰ ̔Ρωμαίων λαβεῖν ἱκέτευε, Σίμων δὲ μετέπειτα συνελήφθη, τοῦ Τίτου διάγοντος εἰς τὴν Φιλίππου λεγομένην Καισάρειαν. πολιορκουμένων γὰρ ̔Ιεροσολύμων ἐπὶ τῆς ανω πόλεως ων, τῶν ̔Ρωμαίων ἐντὸς γενομένων τῆς πόλεως, ὁ Σίμων τοὺς πιστοτάτους παραλαβὼν τῶν φίλων, καὶ σὺν αὐτοῖς λιθοτόμους καὶ τὸν πρὸς τὴν ἐργασίαν ἐπιτήδειον τούτοις σίδηρον, εις τινα τῶν ὑπονόμων σὺν ἐκείνοις καθίησιν ἑαυτόν, καὶ τὸ παλαιὸν ορυγμα διελθὼν τὴν 2.74 γῆν ὑπενόμευεν, ινα πορρωτέρω προελθόντες ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ ποιήσωνται τὴν ἀνάδυσιν. ὀλίγον μέντοι τῶν μεταλλευόντων προχωρησάντων ἡ τροφὴ αὐτοῖς ἐπιλέλοιπε. τότε δὴ λευκοὺς ἐνδύεται χιτωνίσκους, καὶ χλαμύδα πορφυρᾶν ἐμπερονησάμενος ἀνέδυ τῆς γῆς κατ' ἐκεῖνον τὸν τόπον ἐν ῳ πρόσθεν τὸ ἱερὸν ην. πρῶτον μὲν ουν θάμβος τοῖς ἰδοῦσι προσέπεσεν, ειτα δ' ἐγγυτέρω προσιόντες οστις ειη ἠρώτων. Σίμων δὲ καλεῖν τὸν αρχοντα σφῶν προσέταττε. καὶ ηκε κληθεὶς Τερέντιος ̔Ροῦφος, ος αρχων τῆς στρατιᾶς κατελέλειπτο. ῳ γνωρίσας οστις ην ὁ Σίμων συνελήφθη καὶ δεθεὶς ἐφυλάττετο. τῷ δέ γε Τίτῳ ἡ σύλληψις αὐτοῦ ἐδηλοῦτο. καὶ ὁ μὲν εἰς τὸν θρίαμβον ἐτηρεῖτο, καθ' ον καὶ ἀνῃρέθη ἀγχόνῃ συρεὶς ἐν τῇ κατὰ τὴν ̔Ρώμην ἀγορᾷ, οπου κτείνειν ̔Ρωμαίοις ειθισται τοὺς ἐπὶ κακουργίᾳ θανατουμένους. Τοῦτο μὲν ουν γέγονε τέλος τῷ τοῦ Γιώρα Σίμωνι· ̓Ιωάννης δέ, ἡ λοιπὴ τῶν ̓Ιουδαίων ἐρινύς, δεσμὰ κατεκρίθη διηνεκῆ. τὸ δὲ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων πλῆθος τὸ μὲν εἰς τὰ κατ' Αιγυπτον εργα ἐστάλη, τὸ δὲ ἐν ταῖς κατὰ πόλεις τελουμέναις θεωρίαις ἐφθείρετο η θηριομαχίαις ἐκδιδόμενον η ἀλληλοκτονούμενον. ἡ δὲ τοῦ Σίμωνος γῆθεν ἀνάδυσις πολὺ καὶ τῶν αλλων στασιαστῶν πλῆθος εὑρίσκεσθαι κατὰ τοὺς ὑπονόμους ἐποίησεν, ὡς ἐντεῦθεν καὶ τὰ τοῦ ναοῦ ἀνορυχθῆναι θεμέλια. Οὐ μόνον δὲ τοῖς ἐν ̔Ιεροσολύμοις ̓Ιουδαίοις ἐπῆκτο κίνδυνος, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς ἐν ταῖς αλλαις πόλεσι. πάντα δὲ διηγήσασθαι δύσεργον· τὰ δ' ἐπ' ̓Αντιοχείας τοῖς ἐκείνην οἰκοῦσιν ̓Ιουδαίοις συμβεβηκότα 2.75 διηγητέον. πολὺ μὲν γὰρ ἀνὰ πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην τὸ ̓Ιουδαίων εθνος κατέσπαρται, πολλάκις αἰχμαλωτισθέν, ὡς ηδη ἱστόρηται, καὶ σκεδασθὲν πανταχοῦ· πλεῖστον δὲ τῇ Συρίᾳ ἐγκαταμέμικται κατὰ τὴν γειτνίασιν, μᾶλλον δὲ τῶν αλλων ταύτης πόλεων ἡ ̓Αντιόχεια κατοίκους ̓Ιουδαίους ἐκέκτητο διά τε τὸ τῆς πόλεως μέγεθος καὶ οτι ἀδεᾶ τὴν κατοίκησιν ἐν αὐτῇ παρέσχον αὐτοῖς οἱ μετ' ̓Αντίοχον βασιλεῖς. ὁ μὲν γὰρ ̓Επιφανὴς ̓Αντίοχος τά τε ̔Ιεροσόλυμα ἐξεπόρθησε καὶ τὸν ναὸν ἐσύλησεν, οἱ δὲ μετ' αὐτὸν βασιλεῖς ἐξ ισου τοῖς Ελλησι μετέχειν τῆς πόλεως αὐτοῖς συνεχώρησαν. διὸ καὶ εἰς πλῆθος ἐπέδωκαν, πολὺ πλῆθος ̔Ελλήνων προσαγόμενοι τῇ θρησκείᾳ. Καθ' ον δὲ καιρὸν ὁ τῶν ̔Ιεροσολύμων πόλεμος ἐξερράγη καὶ εἰς τὴν Συρίαν κατέπλευσεν Οὐεσπασιανός, τὸ δὲ μῖσος κατὰ τοῦ εθνους παρὰ πᾶσιν ηκμαζε, τότε δή τις ̓Ιουδαῖος ̓Αντίοχος, υἱὸς τῶν ἐπ'