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of the Romans for thirty-two years. But when Ostillius died, Marcius succeeded to the kingdom, having received it 2.104 from the willing Romans. But he was not perfect in his hand; for he was maimed in the elbow, whence he also received the surname Ancus. But being a reasonable man he was forced to change, and he turned to military campaigns. For the rest of the Latins, both because of the destruction of Alba and fearing for themselves lest they suffer something similar, were angry with the Romans, but as long as Tullus was alive, fearing him as a warrior, they held back. But considering Marcius easy to attack because of his peaceful disposition, they both invaded the country and plundered it. But he, understanding that peace was the cause of the war, attacked the attackers and defended himself, and he took their cities, one of which he razed, and he treated many of the captured as prisoners of war, and he also moved many others to Rome. But as the Romans grew and their territory was added to, their neighbors were vexed and made war upon the Romans; whence they conquered the Fidenates by siege, and they ravaged the Sabines, both by falling upon them while scattered and taking their camp, and by frightening others they prepared them to keep the peace even unwillingly. And after this, life failed Marcius, after he had ruled for twenty-four years, and having given much care to divine matters, like his grandfather Numa. But Lucius Tarquinius made the rule his own, who was the son of Demaratus, a Corinthian, who fled and settled in the Tyrrhenian city of Tarquinii, and was born to him by a native woman, being named Lucumo. However, having inherited much from his father, 2.105 because he was not deemed worthy of the first rank by the Tarquinians as he was a newcomer, he migrated to Rome, changing his name with the city, and he was renamed Lucius Tarquinius from the city in which he had dwelt. And it is said that as he was moving, an eagle, flying down, snatched the cap he had on his head, and having soared aloft and screamed for a long time, it placed it back on his head, so that from this he hoped for nothing small and eagerly settled in Rome; whence not long after he was numbered among the first citizens. For by using his wealth rather unsparingly, and by winning over the powerful with his intelligence and charm, he was enrolled among the patricians and the senate by Marcius, and he was appointed general, and he was entrusted with the guardianship of his children and of the kingdom. For he showed himself to be a good man, both sharing his wealth with those in need and offering himself readily if anyone needed his help; and he neither did nor said anything bad to anyone. And if he experienced any good from someone, he exalted what happened, but if anything rather burdensome happened to him, he either did not consider the painful thing or he disregarded it by making light of it, and not only did he not defend himself against the one who had pained him, but he even did good to him. By these means he won over Marcius himself and those around him, and he acquired the reputation of a wise and good man. But this reputation did not remain with him until the end. For when Marcius died, he treated his two sons badly, and he usurped the kingdom. For when both the senate and the people were about to elect the sons of Marcius, he went after the most powerful of the senators, 2.106 and sent the orphans somewhere far away to hunt, and by what he said and by what he did he contrived for them to vote the kingdom to him, on the pretense that he would give it back to the boys when they became men. And having become master of affairs, he so disposed the Romans that they would never be willing to choose his sons instead; and by accustoming the youths to a life of ease, he corrupted both their souls and their bodies with a certain charm. And being afraid, even in this situation, he secured for himself strength in the council. For he enrolled about two hundred of the people who were friendly to him among the patricians and the senators, and thus he brought both the senate and the masses under his control. And the robe towards the

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̔Ρωμαίων ετη δύο ἐπὶ τριάκοντα. ̓Επεὶ δ' ̔Οστίλλιος ἐτελεύτησε, διεδέξατο τὴν βασιλείαν ὁ Μάρκιος, παρ' ἑκόντων τῶν ̔Ρωμαίων ταύ2.104 την λαβών. ην δὲ τὴν χεῖρα οὐκ αρτιος· τὴν γὰρ ἀγκύλην πεπήρωτο, οθεν καὶ Αγκος ἐπώνυμον εσχηκεν. ἐπιεικὴς δὲ ων ἠναγκάσθη μεταβαλέσθαι, καὶ πρὸς στρατείας ἐτράπετο. οἱ γὰρ λοιποὶ Λατῖνοι διά τε τὸν τῆς Αλβης ολεθρον καὶ περὶ ἑαυτῶν δεδοικότες μή τι πάθωσιν ομοιον δι' ὀργῆς μὲν ειχον ̔Ρωμαίους, εως δὲ περιῆν ὁ Τοῦλλος, δεδιότες ἐκεῖνον ὡς μάχιμον, συνεστέλλοντο. τὸν δὲ Μάρκιον εὐεπίθετον ἡγησάμενοι διὰ τὸ εἰρηναῖον τῆς γνώμης, τῇ τε χώρᾳ ἐπῆλθον καὶ αὐτὴν ἐληίσαντο. συνεὶς δ' ἐκεῖνος εἰρήνης ειναι τὸν πόλεμον αιτιον, ἐπιτίθεται τοῖς ἐπιθεμένοις καὶ ἀντημύνατο, καὶ πόλεις ειλεν αὐτῶν, ων μίαν κατέσκαψεν, καὶ πολλοῖς τῶν ἁλόντων ὡς αἰχμαλώτοις ἐχρήσατο, καὶ ἐς τὴν ̔Ρώμην δὲ συχνοὺς ἑτέρους μετῴκισεν. αὐξανομένων δὲ τῶν ̔Ρωμαίων καὶ τῆς χώρας σφίσι προστιθεμένης οἱ πλησιόχωροι ηχθοντο καὶ ἑαυτοὺς ̔Ρωμαίοις ἐξεπολέμωσαν· οθεν αὐτῶν Φιδηνάτας μὲν πολιορκίᾳ ἐκράτησαν, Σαβίνους δ' ἐκάκωσαν, αὐτοῖς τε προσπεσόντες ἐσκεδασμένοις καὶ τὸ σφῶν ἑλόντες στρατόπεδον, ἑτέρους δ' ἐκφοβήσαντες εἰρηνεῖν καὶ ακοντας παρεσκεύασαν. καὶ ἐπὶ τούτοις Μαρκίῳ ἐπέλιπε τὸ βιώσιμον, εικοσιν ἐνιαυτοὺς καὶ τέσσαρας αρξαντι, καὶ πολλὴν τοῦ θείου κατὰ τὸν πάππον Νόμαν ποιουμένῳ τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν. Λούκιος δὲ Ταρκύνιος τὴν ἀρχὴν ᾠκειώσατο, ος ∆ημαράτου μὲν ην παῖς Κορινθίου, φυγόντος δὲ καὶ εἰς πόλιν Τυρσηνίδα Ταρκυνίαν ἐγκατοικήσαντος ἐξ αὐθιγενοῦς γυναικὸς ἐκείνῳ ἐτέχθη, Λουκούμων ὀνομασθείς. πολλὰ μέντοι πατρόθεν διαδεξάμενος, 2.105 οτι μὴ τῶν πρωτείων παρὰ τῶν Ταρκυνησίων ὡς επηλυς κατηξίωτο, πρὸς τὴν ̔Ρώμην μεταναστεύει, τῇ πόλει καὶ τὴν κλῆσιν συμμεταθέμενος, καὶ μετωνομάσθη Λούκιος Ταρκύνιος ἐκ τῆς πόλεως, ἐν ῃ παρῴκει. λέγεται δὲ μετοικιζομένου ἀετὸς καταπτὰς ἁρπάσαι τὸν πῖλον ον ειχεν ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς, καὶ μετεωρισθεὶς καὶ κλάγξας ἐπὶ πολὺ αυθις αὐτὸν ἐφαρμόσαι τῇ αὐτοῦ κεφαλῇ, ὡς ἐντεῦθεν μηδὲν ἐλπίσαι μικρὸν καὶ προθύμως τῇ ̔Ρώμῃ ἐγκατοικῆσαι· οθεν τοῖς πρώτοις οὐ μετὰ πολὺ συνηρίθμητο. τῷ τε γὰρ πλούτῳ χρώμενος ἀφειδέστερον, συνέσει τε καὶ εὐτραπελίᾳ τοὺς δυνατοὺς οἰκειούμενος, ἐς τοὺς εὐπατρίδας καὶ τὴν βουλὴν κατελέχθη παρὰ Μαρκίου, καὶ στρατηγὸς ἀπεδείχθη, καὶ τὴν τῶν παίδων ἐκείνου ἐπιτροπείαν καὶ τῆς βασιλείας πεπίστευτο. ἐδείκνυε γὰρ ἑαυτὸν ἀγαθὸν ανδρα, χρημάτων τε τοῖς δεομένοις μεταδιδοὺς καὶ ἑαυτὸν ετοιμον παρέχων ει τις δέοιτο αὐτοῦ εἰς βοήθειαν· φαῦλον δέ τι ουτ' επραττεν ουτ' ελεγεν οὐδενί. καὶ ει τι πρός τινων ευ επασχεν, ἐξῆρε τὸ γινόμενον, εἰ δέ τι καὶ ἐπαχθέστερον αὐτῷ γένοιτο, η οὐδ' ἐλογίζετο τὸ λυποῦν η καὶ φαυλίσας παρελογίζετο, οὐ μόνον τε οὐκ ἠμύνετο τὸν λελυπηκότα, ἀλλὰ καὶ εὐηργέτει. τούτοις αὐτόν τε τὸν Μάρκιον καὶ τοὺς περὶ αὐτὸν ἐχειρώσατο, καὶ δόξαν ἀνδρὸς ἐκτήσατο σοφοῦ τε καὶ ἀγαθοῦ. ̓Αλλ' οὐ προσέμεινε μέχρι τέλους αὐτῷ ἡ ὑπόληψις. τοῦ Μαρκίου γὰρ τελευτήσαντος κακῶς περὶ τοὺς ἐκείνου διετέθη δύο υἱεῖς, καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν ἐσφετερίσατο. τῆς τε γὰρ βουλῆς καὶ τοῦ δήμου τοὺς τοῦ Μαρκίου παῖδας χειροτονεῖν μελλόντων, ἐκεῖνος τῶν βουλευτῶν τε τοὺς δυνατωτάτους με2.106 τῆλθε, καὶ τοὺς ὀρφανοὺς πόρρω ποι πέμψας εἰς θήραν, οις τε ειπε καὶ οις επραξεν αὐτῷ τὴν βασιλείαν ψηφίσασθαι παρεσκεύασεν, ὡς ἀνδρωθεῖσιν αὐτὴν δῆθεν τοῖς παισὶν ἀποδώσοντι. ἐγκρατὴς δὲ καταστὰς τῶν πραγμάτων ουτω τοὺς ̔Ρωμαίους διέθετο ωστε μηδέποτε ἐθελήσειν ἀνθελέσθαι τοὺς παῖδας ἐκείνου· καὶ τὰ μειράκια δὲ πρὸς ῥᾳστώνην ἐθίζων τάς τε ψυχὰς αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ σώματα σὺν χάριτι δή τινι εφθειρε. δεδιὼς δὲ καὶ ουτως εχων, ἰσχὺν ἑαυτῷ ἐν τῷ συνεδρίῳ περιεποιήσατο. τοὺς γὰρ φιλίως αὐτῷ ἐκ τοῦ δήμου διακειμένους περὶ διακοσίους ἐς τοὺς εὐπατρίδας ἐνέγραψε καὶ τοὺς βουλευτάς, καὶ ουτω τήν τε γερουσίαν ὑφ' ἑαυτὸν καὶ τοὺς πολλοὺς ἐποιήσατο. καὶ τὴν στολὴν πρὸς τὸ