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his weakness would be an impediment, entrusts to Tullius, for the present at least, the administration of public affairs." She said these things; and they received Tullius not unwillingly, for he seemed a good man. When he was entrusted, therefore, with the management of public affairs, he administered most things ostensibly according to the commands of Tarquinius. But when he saw that they obeyed him in all things, he brought the murderers of Tarquinius before the senate, on account of the plot, forsooth; for he was still pretending that he was alive. And those who were condemned died, but the sons of Marcius, being afraid, fled to the Volsci. And then he both revealed the death of Tarquinius and openly took possession of the kingdom. And at first, he put forward the sons of Tarquinius, as if he himself were exercising the leadership as a guardian, then he turned to courting the people, as he would more easily win over the common crowd than the patricians, and he gave them money and assigned land to each, and arranged for the slaves to be freed and enrolled in the tribes. But as the powerful were vexed at these things, he ordered that the freedmen perform some service in return for those who had freed them. But as the patricians were hostile to him, and were murmuring other things and that he held the office though no one had elected him, he gathered the people and addressed them; and having said many persuasive things, he so disposed them that they immediately voted him the entire kingship. And he, rewarding them, bestowed other honors and enrolled some of them in the senate; who formerly in most things were inferior to the patricians, but as time went on, except for the interregnum 2.110 and the priesthoods, they shared equal rights with the patricians, and differed in nothing except their shoes. For the shoes of the patricians were elegantly adorned with both a crisscrossing of straps and the shape of a letter, so that from these they might seem to be descended from the one hundred men who were the original senators. And they say the letter is Rho, either as indicative of the number of those one hundred men, or as being the beginning of the name of the Romans. In this way, therefore, Tullius won over the populace, but fearing that some sedition might arise, he entrusted the most numerous and powerful of the commoners to the more powerful; and thus they agreed among themselves and managed the state excellently. And he also waged some wars against the Veientines and against all the Tuscans, in which nothing was accomplished worthy of writing. And wishing to conciliate the Latins even more to the Romans, he persuaded them to build a temple in Rome out of common funds. And they dedicated this to Artemis. But they were in dispute about its care. And at this time a Sabine man was leading a most beautiful ox to Rome, to sacrifice it to Artemis on account of some oracle. And the oracle said that the one who sacrificed it would make his fatherland great. But one of the Romans, learning this, approached him and said that he first had to be purified in the river, and saying this he persuaded him, and having persuaded him he took the ox as if to guard it, and having taken it, he sacrificed it. And when the Sabine revealed the oracle, the Latins yielded the guardianship of the temple to the Romans and in other matters honored them as their superiors. And so these things were thus; but Tullius married his daughters to the Tarquins, 2.111 and though promising to restore the kingdom to them, he kept putting it off, making one excuse after another. But they were not thinking sound thoughts, but were vexed. And he held them in no esteem, and was leading the Romans toward democracy and freedom. And the Tarquins were even more annoyed at this. But the younger one, though he was angry, bore it, but the one advanced in age no longer seemed to tolerate Tullius. And since he found his wife and his brother did not approve, he himself destroyed his wife, and his brother through that man's wife, with poisons, and having joined with his brother's wife, he plotted against Tullius with her. And having persuaded many of both the senators and the patricians who had grievances against Tullius to join him, he suddenly arrived with them at the senate house, followed

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αὐτοῦ ἀσθενείας ειη ἐμπόδιον, Τουλλίῳ κατά γε τὸ παρὸν τὴν τῶν κοινῶν ἐπιτρέπει διοίκησιν." ειπεν ἐκείνη ταῦτα· οἱ δὲ τὸν Τούλλιον οὐκ ἀκουσίως ἐδέξαντο· ἀγαθὸς γὰρ ἀνὴρ ἐδόκει. ̓Εγχειρισθεὶς ουν ἐκεῖνος τὴν τῶν κοινῶν οἰκονομίαν, τὰ πλείω κατ' ἐντολὰς δῆθεν διῴκει τοῦ Ταρκυνίου. ὡς δ' ἐν πᾶσιν ἑώρα πειθαρχοῦντας αὐτῷ, τοὺς αὐτόχειρας τοῦ Ταρκυνίου πρὸς τὴν γερουσίαν παρήγαγε, διὰ τὴν ἐπιβουλὴν τάχα· ετι γὰρ ζῆν ἐκεῖνον προσεποιεῖτο. καὶ οἱ μὲν καταψηφισθέντες ἀπέθανον, οἱ δὲ τοῦ Μαρκίου υἱοὶ φοβηθέντες εἰς Οὐολούσκους κατέφυγον. κἀκεῖνος τότε τόν τε θάνατον τοῦ Ταρκυνίου ἐξέφηνε καὶ φανερῶς τῆς βασιλείας ἐπείληπτο. καὶ πρῶτον μὲν τοὺς τοῦ Ταρκυνίου παῖδας προυβάλλετο ὡς αὐτὸς τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ἐπιτροπεύων, ειτα πρὸς θεραπείαν τοῦ δήμου ἐτράπετο, ὡς ῥᾷστα μᾶλλον τὸν ομιλον η τοὺς εὐπατρίδας ὑποποιησόμενος, χρήματά τε αὐτοῖς ἐδίδου καὶ γῆν ἑκάστῳ προσένειμε καὶ τοὺς δούλους ἐλευθεροῦσθαι καὶ φυλετεύεσθαι παρεσκεύασεν. ἀχθομένων δ' ἐπὶ τούτοις τῶν δυνατῶν, εταξέ τινα τοὺς ἐλευθερωθέντας τοῖς ἐλευθερώσασι σφᾶς ἀνθυπουργεῖν. ὡς δὲ χαλεπῶς ειχον οἱ εὐπατρίδαι αὐτῷ, καὶ διεθρόουν αλλα τε καὶ οτι μηδενὸς αὐτὸν ἑλομένου τὴν ἀρχὴν εχει, συναγαγὼν τὸν δῆμον ἐδημηγόρησε· καὶ πολλὰ ἐπαγωγὰ διαλεχθεὶς αὐτῷ ουτω διέθετο ὡς αὐτίκα πᾶσαν αὐτῷ τὴν βασιλείαν ἐπιψηφίσασθαι. ὁ δὲ αὐτοὺς ἀμειβόμενος αλλα τε ἐφιλοτιμήσατο καὶ ἐς τὸ συνέδριόν τινας αὐτῶν ἐνέγραψεν· οι πάλαι μὲν ἐν πλείστοις ηττον εφερον τῶν εὐπατριδῶν, τοῦ χρόνου δὲ προϊόντος, πλὴν τῆς με2.110 σοβασιλείας καὶ τῶν ἱερωσυνῶν, τῶν ισων μετεῖχον τοῖς εὐπατρίδαις, καὶ διέφερον ανευ τῶν ὑποδημάτων οὐδέν. τοῖς γὰρ εὐπατρίδαις τὰ ὑποδήματα ἀστικὰ τῇ τε ἐπαλλαγῇ τῶν ἱμάντων καὶ τῷ τύπῳ τοῦ γράμματος ἐκεκόσμηντο, ιν' ἐκ τούτων δοκοῖεν ἀπὸ τῶν ἑκατὸν ἀνδρῶν τῶν κατ' ἀρχὰς βουλευσάντων κατιέναι. τὸ γράμμα δὲ ῥῶ φασιν ειναι, η τοῦ ἀριθμοῦ τῶν ἑκατὸν ἐκείνων ἀνδρῶν δηλωτικὸν ον η ὡς τοῦ τῶν ̔Ρωμαίων κατάρχον ὀνόματος. Τὸν μὲν ουν ομιλον ουτως ὁ Τούλλιος ᾠκειώσατο, δείσας δὲ μή τις στάσις συμβῇ, τὰ πλεῖστα καὶ ἰσχυρότατα τῶν κοινῶν τοῖς δυνατωτέροις ἐπέτρεψε· καὶ ουτω σφίσιν αὐτοῖς συνεφρόνησαν καὶ τὸ δημόσιον διήγαγον αριστα. καὶ πολέμους δέ τινας πρός τε τοὺς Οὐιέντας καὶ πρὸς απαντας τοὺς Τυρσηνοὺς ἐπολέμησεν, ἐν οις οὐδὲν ἐπράχθη συγγράμματος αξιον. τοὺς Λατίνους δ' ἐπὶ μᾶλλον ̔Ρωμαίοις βουληθεὶς οἰκειώσασθαι, νεών τινα ἐκ χρημάτων κοινῶν ἐν τῇ ̔Ρώμῃ κατασκευάσαι πέπεικε. καὶ τοῦτον ἀνέθεσαν τῇ ̓Αρτέμιδι. περὶ δὲ τῆς νεωκορίας αὐτοῦ διεφέροντο. κἀν τούτῳ Σαβῖνος ἀνὴρ βοῦν ηγε περικαλλῆ πρὸς τὴν ̔Ρώμην, ὡς εκ τινος χρησμοῦ θύσων αὐτὴν τῇ ̓Αρτέμιδι. ὁ δὲ χρησμὸς τὸν ἐκείνην θύσαντα ελεγε τὴν πατρίδα ἐπαυξήσειν. τοῦτο δέ τις τῶν ̔Ρωμαίων μαθὼν προσῆλθεν αὐτῷ καὶ πρότερον ειπε δεῖν ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ ἁγνισθῆναι, καὶ εἰπὼν επεισε, καὶ πείσας ελαβε τὴν βοῦν ὡς φυλάξων, καὶ λαβὼν εθυσεν. ἐκφήναντος δὲ τοῦ Σαβίνου τὸ λόγιον οἱ Λατῖνοι καὶ τῆς τοῦ ἱεροῦ προστασίας τοῖς ̔Ρωμαίοις ἐξέστησαν καὶ ἐς ταλλα ὡς κρείττονας σφῶν ἐτίμων αὐτούς. Καὶ ταῦτα μὲν ουτως· ὁ Τούλλιος δὲ τοῖς Ταρ2.111 κυνίοις τὰς θυγατέρας συνῴκισε, καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῖς ἀποδώσειν ἐπαγγειλάμενος αλλοτε αλλο τι προφασιζόμενος ἀνεβάλλετο. οἱ δὲ οὐδὲν ὑγιὲς ἐφρόνουν, ἀλλὰ ηχθοντο. ὁ δ' ἐν οὐδενὶ λόγῳ τούτους πεποίητο, καὶ τοὺς ̔Ρωμαίους πρὸς τὸ δημοκρατικὸν ἐνῆγε καὶ τὸ ἐλεύθερον. ετι δὲ μᾶλλον ἐπὶ τούτοις ησχαλλον οἱ Ταρκύνιοι. ἀλλ' ὁ μὲν νεώτερος, καν ἐχαλέπαινεν, εφερεν, τῷ δὲ τῷ χρόνῳ προήκοντι οὐκέτι τοῦ Τουλλίου ἐδόκει ἀνέχεσθαι. ἐπεὶ δὲ μὴ συνευδοκοῦσαν ευρισκε τὴν γυναῖκα καὶ τὸν ὁμαίμονα, αὐτὸς μὲν τὴν γυναῖκα, τὸν δ' ἀδελφὸν διὰ τῆς γυναικὸς ἐκείνου φαρμάκοις διέφθειρε, καὶ συναφθεὶς τῇ συνεύνῳ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ τῷ Τουλλίῳ σὺν αὐτῇ ἐπεβούλευε. καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν τε βουλευτῶν καὶ τῶν εὐπατριδῶν αἰτίας εχοντας κατὰ τοῦ Τουλλίου πείσας συνάρασθαί οἱ, ἐξαπιναίως μετ' αὐτῶν εἰς τὸ συνέδριον παραγέγονεν, ἑπομένης