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they openly took up the war; and of the consuls they kept Scipio Nasica to guard Italy, and they sent Manius Glabrio with a large army to Greece. And Nasica made war against the Boii, and Glabrio drove Antiochus out of Greece. And coming into Thessaly he won over many of the places there with Baebius and Philip. For he captured Philip the Megalopolitan and sent him to Rome, and expelling Amynander from his rule, he gave it to the Macedonian. But Antiochus during these things, keeping quiet, was spending his time in Chalcis; then he came into Boeotia 2.306 and at Thermopylae he awaited the Romans who were advancing against him; for he thought he would have the nature of the place as an ally against the smallness of his troops. And so that he himself might not suffer anything like the Greeks who were arrayed against the Mede there, he sent up a part of the Aetolians to the heights of the mountains, so as to guard them. But Glabrio gave little thought to the terrain and did not postpone the battle, but he sent his lieutenants Porcius Cato and Valerius Flaccus by night against the Aetolians on the heights, and he himself engaged with Antiochus at dawn. And as long as he fought on level ground, he prevailed, but when Antiochus withdrew to the higher ground, he was at a disadvantage, until Cato came upon him from the rear. For falling upon the Aetolians as they slept, he killed most of them and scattered the rest, and from there running down he took part in the battle below. And they routed Antiochus and took his camp. And he withdrew immediately to Chalcis, and when he learned that the consul was approaching, he secretly returned to Asia. And Glabrio immediately seized Boeotia and Euboea, but against Heraclea, since the Aetolians were unwilling to surrender to him, he made assaults; and he took the lower city by siege, and those who had fled to the acropolis he subdued by agreement. Among those taken alive then was also Democritus, the general of the Aetolians, who had once denied the alliance to Flamininus, and when he requested a decree, so that he might send it to Rome, said, "Be of good cheer; for I myself will bring it with the army and read it to you beside the Tiber." 2.307 But while Philip was besieging Lamia, Glabrio came upon it, and he appropriated both the victory and the booty. However, the rest of the Aetolians wished to come to terms, but did not make a truce, since Antiochus sent them envoys and money, but prepared for war. And Philip feigned friendship toward the Romans, but favored the cause of Antiochus. Meanwhile Glabrio was besieging Naupactus, which belonged to the Aetolians; Flamininus came and persuaded them to make a truce, being well acquainted with them. And they and the Epirotes sent envoys to Rome. And Philip, having sent a victory crown to Jupiter Capitolinus, received other things in return and his son Demetrius who was a hostage in Rome. But for the Aetolians there was no truce; for they did not agree to any reduction. Against Antiochus the Romans appointed the Scipios, both Africanus and his brother Lucius. They gave the Aetolians an armistice, so that they might again send an embassy to Rome concerning peace, but they hastened against Antiochus, and coming to Macedonia, and taking allies from Philip, they marched to the Hellespont. And having crossed into Asia, they took most of the coastal areas, which had been previously seized by the Romans who had gone there before, and also by Eumenes and the Rhodians, who had also defeated Hannibal near Pamphylia as he was leading some ships from Phoenicia. And Eumenes and Attalus his brother were ravaging the country of Antiochus, and cities, some by force, others voluntarily, were going over 2.308 to the Romans, so that from these things Antiochus was forced to abandon Europe completely and to lead his son Seleucus away from Lysimachia. whom, having returned with a force to the

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πόλεμον φανερῶς ἀνείλοντο· καὶ τῶν ὑπάτων Σκιπίωνα μὲν τὸν Νασικᾶν ἐπὶ φυλακῇ τῆς ̓Ιταλίας κατέσχον, Μάνιον δὲ Γλαβρίωνα μετὰ στρατοῦ πολλοῦ ἐς τὴν ̔Ελλάδα πεπόμφασι. καὶ ὁ μὲν Νασικᾶς τοὺς Βοουΐους προσεπολεμώσατο, ὁ δὲ Γλαβρίων τὸν ̓Αντίοχον ἐκ τῆς ̔Ελλάδος ἐξήλασε. καὶ ἐς τὴν Θεσσαλίαν ἐλθὼν πολλὰ τῶν ταύτῃ μετὰ τοῦ Βαιβίου καὶ τοῦ Φιλίππου παρεστήσατο. τόν τε γὰρ Μεγαλοπολίτην Φίλιππον ἑλὼν εἰς τὴν ̔Ρώμην ἀπέστειλε, καὶ τὸν ̓Αμύνανδρον ἐκ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐκβαλὼν τῷ Μακεδόνι αὐτὴν εδωκεν. ̔Ο δ' ̓Αντίοχος ἐν τούτοις ἡσυχίαν αγων ἐν τῇ Χαλκίδι διέτριβεν· ειτα εἰς τὴν Βοιωτίαν ἐλήλυθε 2.306 καὶ ἐν ταῖς Θερμοπύλαις ἀντιπροσιόντας οἱ τοὺς ̔Ρωμαίους ὑπέμεινε· πρὸς γὰρ τὴν τῶν στρατιωτῶν ὀλιγότητα σύμμαχον τὴν τοῦ χωρίου φύσιν εξειν ἐνόμισε. καὶ ινα μή τι καὶ αὐτὸς πάθῃ οιον οἱ Ελληνες οἱ πρὸς τὸν Μῆδον ἀντιταχθέντες ἐκεῖ, μέρος τι τῶν Αἰτωλῶν ἐπὶ τὰ ακρα τῶν ὀρῶν ἀνεβίβασεν, ωστε φρουρῆσαι αὐτά. ὁ δὲ Γλαβρίων βραχύ τε τῶν χωρίων ἐφρόντισε καὶ τὴν μάχην οὐκ ἀνεβάλετο, ἀλλὰ Πόρκιον μὲν Κάτωνα καὶ Οὐαλέριον Φλάκκον ὑποστρατήγους νυκτὸς ἐπὶ τοὺς Αἰτωλοὺς τοὺς ἐν τοῖς ακροις ἀπέστειλεν, αὐτὸς δὲ τῷ ̓Αντιόχῳ ὑπὸ τὴν εω συνέμιξε. καὶ εως μὲν ἐν τῷ ὁμαλῷ ἐμάχετο, ἐπεκράτει, ἀναχωρήσαντος δὲ τοῦ ̓Αντιόχου πρὸς τὰ μετέωρα ἠλαττοῦτο, μέχρις ὁ Κάτων κατὰ νώτου οἱ ἐγένετο. τοῖς γὰρ Αἰτωλοῖς καθεύδουσιν ἐπελθὼν τοὺς μὲν πλείους ἀπέκτεινε καὶ τοὺς λοιποὺς διεσκέδασε, κἀντεῦθεν καταδραμὼν καὶ τῆς κάτω μάχης μετέσχε. καὶ τόν τε ̓Αντίοχον ετρεψαν καὶ τὸ στρατόπεδον αὐτοῦ ειλον. καὶ ὁ μὲν ἐς τὴν Χαλκίδα εὐθὺς ἀπεχώρησε, μαθὼν δὲ τὸν υπατον προσιόντα, ἐς τὴν ̓Ασίαν ἀνεκομίσθη λαθών. Καὶ τὴν μὲν Βοιωτίαν καὶ τὴν Ευβοιαν ὁ Γλαβρίων αὐτίκα κατέσχε, τῇ δ' ̔Ηρακλείᾳ, μὴ βουληθέντων αὐτῷ προσχωρῆσαι τῶν Αἰτωλῶν, προσβολὰς ἐποιεῖτο· καὶ τὴν μὲν κάτω πόλιν πολιορκίᾳ ειλε, τοὺς δ' ἐς τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ἀναφυγόντας ὁμολογίᾳ παρεστήσατο. ἐν δὲ τοῖς τότε ζωγρηθεῖσι καὶ ∆ημόκριτος ὁ στρατηγὸς τῶν Αἰτωλῶν ἐγένετο, ος τῷ Φλαμινίῳ ποτὲ τὴν συμμαχίαν ἠρνήσατο, καὶ ψήφισμα ἐκείνου αἰτήσαντος, ιν' ἐς τὴν ̔Ρώμην πέμψῃ, "θάρρει" εφη· "ἐγὼ γὰρ αὐτὸ κομιῶ μετὰ τοῦ στρατοῦ καὶ παρὰ τῷ Τιβέριδι ὑμῖν ἀναγνώσομαι." τοῦ 2.307 Φιλίππου δὲ τὴν Λάμιαν πολιορκοῦντος ἐπῆλθεν ἐπ' αὐτὴν ὁ Γλαβρίων, καὶ τήν τε νίκην καὶ τὴν λείαν ἐσφετερίσατο. τῶν μέντοι Αἰτωλῶν οἱ λοιποὶ συναλλαγῆναι μὲν ἠθέλησαν, οὐκ ἐσπείσαντο δέ, τοῦ ̓Αντιόχου πρέσβεις αὐτοῖς καὶ χρήματα πέμψαντος, ἀλλὰ πρὸς πόλεμον ἡτοιμάζοντο. καὶ ὁ Φίλιππος ὑπεκρίνετο μὲν τὴν πρὸς τοὺς ̔Ρωμαίους φιλίαν, τὰ δὲ τοῦ ̓Αντιόχου ἐφρόνει. ἐν τούτῳ δὲ Ναύπακτον ὁ Γλαβρίων τῶν Αἰτωλῶν ουσαν ἐπολιόρκει· ους ἐλθὼν ὁ Φλαμίνιος επεισε σπείσασθαι, γνωρίμως αὐτοῖς εχων. καὶ πρέσβεις εἰς τὴν ̔Ρώμην ἐκεῖνοί τε καὶ οἱ ̓Ηπειρῶται ἐστάλκασι. καὶ ὁ Φίλιππος στέφανον νικητήριον τῷ ∆ιὶ τῷ Καπιτωλίῳ πέμψας αλλα τε ἀντειλήφει καὶ τὸν υἱὸν τὸν ∆ημήτριον ἐν ̔Ρώμῃ ὁμηρεύοντα. τοῖς δ' Αἰτωλοῖς σπονδαὶ οὐκ ἐγένοντο· οὐ γὰρ ἐλαττωθῆναί τι κατεδέξαντο. ̓Επὶ δὲ τὸν ̓Αντίοχον οἱ ̔Ρωμαῖοι τοὺς Σκιπίωνας εταξαν τόν τε ̓Αφρικανὸν καὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ Λούκιον. οι τοῖς μὲν Αἰτωλοῖς ἀνοχὴν εδοσαν, ιν' ἐς τὴν ̔Ρώμην αυθις ὑπὲρ τῆς εἰρήνης πρεσβεύσωνται, ἠπείγοντο δ' ἐπὶ τὸν ̓Αντίοχον, καὶ ἐπὶ Μακεδονίαν ἐλθόντες, συμμάχους τε λαβόντες ἐκ τοῦ Φιλίππου, ἐπὶ τὸν ̔Ελλήσποντον ηλασαν. καὶ ἐς τὴν ̓Ασίαν περαιωθέντες τὰ πλεῖστα τῶν παραθαλασσίων κατέλαβον προκατειλημμένα παρὰ τῶν ἐκεῖ προαπελθόντων ̔Ρωμαίων, πρὸς δὲ καὶ τοῦ Εὐμένους καὶ τῶν ̔Ροδίων, οι καὶ τὸν ̓Αννίβαν ναῦς τινας ἐκ Φοινίκης αγοντα περὶ Παμφυλίαν ἐνίκησαν. καὶ Εὐμένης δὲ καὶ Ατταλος ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ τὴν χώραν ἐκάκουν τοῦ ̓Αντιόχου, καὶ πόλεις αἱ μὲν βίᾳ, αἱ δ' ἑκούσιαι πρὸς 2.308 τοὺς ̔Ρωμαίους μεθίσταντο, ωστε ἐκ τούτων ἀναγκασθῆναι τὸν ̓Αντίοχον τὴν Εὐρώπην τε παντελῶς ἐκλιπεῖν καὶ τὸν υἱὸν Σέλευκον ἀπὸ τῆς Λυσιμαχίας ἀπαγαγεῖν. ον ἐπανελθόντα σὺν δυνάμει ἐπὶ τὴν