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he sent to Pergamum. But when, after besieging the city, he accomplished nothing, and the Scipios came up, he immediately sent a herald to them, expecting to obtain peace, because he had captured the son of Africanus and was keeping him in very good care; and finally, although he failed to get a truce, he released him without ransom. But the peace did not come about, because Antiochus did not agree to do what the Romans demanded. For a while, however, they were quiet for a long time, and then they also made war. And the contest happened thus. First Antiochus drew up the chariots, then the elephants, and after these the slingers and the archers. The Romans, therefore, by running out ahead of the charge of the chariots and falling upon them head-on with a great shout, checked them, so that most of them, turning back toward the elephants, threw their own side into confusion, for they themselves wandered about and, terrifying those assigned to them, scattered them, and a heavy rain coming on made the archery and slinging ineffective; and a very great and deep mist that occurred did not at all hinder the Romans, since they were winning and fighting hand-to-hand in close combat, but their opponents, who were frightened and using mostly cavalry and archery, it both took away their forward view for shooting their arrows, and, as they were wandering about each other as if in darkness, it caused them to stumble. Nevertheless, 2.309 Antiochus was strong enough with his cataphract cavalry, having turned those who resisted him, to come up to the camp pursuing them. And indeed he would have taken it, if Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, who had charge of its guard, had not killed the first of the Romans who approached, since he could not persuade them to stop their flight. For from this, the rest of them turned back, and he himself, rushing out with fresh guards, drove Antiochus back. And while this was happening, Zeuxis, attacking the entrenchment in another part, both entered it and began to plunder, until Lepidus perceived it. For then he saved his own side, and Scipio took that of Antiochus, and in it he found many men, many horses, baggage animals, silver, gold, ivory, and many other precious things. And Antiochus, being defeated, immediately withdrew to Syria, and the Greeks in Asia attached themselves to the Romans. After this a certain armistice was concluded when Antiochus sent a herald. For Africanus was well disposed toward him on account of his son, and the consul did not wish to leave the victory for his successor who was approaching. Therefore they did not command anything more of Antiochus than what they had asked for even before the battle. For this reason Gnaeus Manlius, who succeeded to their command, was not satisfied with the agreements, but demanded more of him, and in addition ordered him to give hostages, both others and his son Antiochus, and to hand over all the deserters, among whom was Hannibal. And Antiochus, though unwillingly, obeyed in all things. However, he was not able to hand over Hannibal; for he had previously fled to Prusias, the king of the Bithynians. And Antiochus, 2.310 having sent envoys to Rome on these terms, made a truce, and Lucius Scipio was praised for the victory and on account of it received the surname of Asiaticus, just as his brother was called Africanus, for having conquered Carthage, which had been most powerful in Africa. Such men, then, having they become and having come to such a degree of glory from virtue, were not much later handed over to a court and to the people; and Lucius was condemned on the charge of having supposedly appropriated much of the booty, and Africanus on the charge of having made the terms more lenient on account of his son, but the truth was because of envy. And that they did no wrong is shown both from other things, and not least because, when the property of Asiaticus was confiscated, nothing more was found than what he had previously possessed, and because, when Africanus withdrew to Liternum before the vote and remained there until his death, no one any longer voted against him. Manlius at that time brought over Pisidia and Lycaonia and Pamphylia and many parts of Asiatic Galatia. For there is also a certain race of them there, from

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Πέργαμον επεμψεν. ὡς δὲ προσεδρεύσας τῇ πόλει οὐδὲν ἐπέρανε, καὶ οἱ Σκιπίωνες ἐπῆλθον, εὐθὺς αὐτοῖς ἐπεκηρυκεύσατο, προσδοκήσας τεύξεσθαι τῆς εἰρήνης, οτι τὸν ̓Αφρικανοῦ υἱὸν συλλαβὼν ἐν θεραπείᾳ ειχε πολλῇ· καὶ τέλος, καίπερ τῶν σπονδῶν ἁμαρτών, ανευ λύτρων ἀφῆκεν αὐτόν. οὐκ ἐγένετο δὲ ἡ εἰρήνη, τοῦ ̓Αντιόχου α οἱ ̔Ρωμαῖοι ἀπῄτουν μὴ συνθεμένου ποιῆσαι. Τέως μέντοι ἐπὶ πολὺ ἡσύχασαν, ειτα καὶ ἐπολέμησαν. ὁ δὲ ἀγὼν ουτως ἐγένετο. πρῶτα τὰ αρματα, ειτα τοὺς ἐλέφαντας ὁ ̓Αντίοχος εταξε, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα τοὺς σφενδονήτας καὶ τοὺς τοξότας. τὴν μὲν ουν ἐκδρομὴν τῶν ἁρμάτων προεκδραμόντες οἱ ̔Ρωμαῖοι καὶ μετὰ κραυγῆς σφίσι πολλῆς ἀντιμέτωποι προσπεσόντες ἀνέκοψαν, ωστε τὰ πολλὰ αὐτῶν ἐς τοὺς ἐλέφαντας τραπόμενα πάλιν τὸ οἰκεῖον συνετάραξαν, αὐτοί τε γὰρ ἐπλανῶντο καὶ τοὺς ἐπιτεταγμένους σφίσιν ἐκφοβήσαντες διεσκέδασαν, τὴν δὲ τοξείαν καὶ τὴν σφενδόνησιν ομβρος πολὺς ἐπιγενόμενος ἀσθενῆ ἐποίησεν· ὁμίχλη τε πλείστη καὶ βαθεῖα συμβᾶσα τοὺς μὲν ̔Ρωμαίους ατε κρατοῦντας καὶ ἀγχεμάχως ἐκ χειρὸς μαχομένους οὐδὲν ἐνεπόδισε, τοὺς δ' ἐναντίους, οια πεφοβημένους ιππῳ τε καὶ τοξείᾳ τὸ πλεῖστον χρωμένους, τήν τε πρόοψιν εἰς τὰ τοξεύματα ἀφείλετο, καὶ περὶ ἀλλήλους ὡς ἐν σκότῳ πλανωμένους εσφηλεν. ομως δ' ουν ισχυσεν 2.309 ὁ ̓Αντίοχος τοῖς καταφράκτοις ἱππεῦσι τοὺς ἀντιστάντας αὐτῷ τρεψάμενος μέχρι τοῦ στρατοπέδου ἐλθεῖν ἐπιδιώκων αὐτούς. καί γε ειλεν αν αὐτό, εἰ μὴ Μάρκος Αἰμίλιος Λέπιδος ὁ τὴν φρουρὰν αὐτοῦ εχων τοὺς πρώτους προσιόντας τῶν ̔Ρωμαίων ἀπέκτεινεν, ἐπεὶ μὴ επεισεν αὐτοὺς τῆς φυγῆς ἐπισχεῖν. ἐκ γὰρ τούτου ἐκείνων τε οἱ λοιποὶ ὑποστρέψαντες καὶ αὐτὸς ἀκραιφνέσιν ἐπεκδραμὼν τοῖς φρουροῖς ἀπεώσαντο τὸν ̓Αντίοχον. ἐν ῳ δὲ τοῦτ' ἐγίνετο, Ζεῦξις καθ' ετερον μέρος τῷ ταφρεύματι προσβαλὼν εισω τε αὐτοῦ εἰσῆλθε καὶ ἁρπαγὴν ἐποιεῖτο, μέχρις ου ὁ Λέπιδος ῃσθετο. τότε γὰρ κἀκεῖνος τὸ σφέτερον ἐρρύσατο, καὶ ὁ Σκιπίων τὸ τοῦ ̓Αντιόχου ειλε, καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ πολλοὺς μὲν ἀνθρώπους, πολλοὺς δ' ιππους, ὑποζύγια, ἀργύριον, χρυσίον, ἐλέφαντα αλλα τε πολλὰ καὶ πολυτελῆ ευρε. καὶ ὁ μὲν ̓Αντίοχος ἡττηθεὶς αὐτίκα ἐς τὴν Συρίαν ἀνεχώρησεν, οἱ δ' Ελληνες οἱ ἐν τῇ ̓Ασίᾳ τοῖς ̔Ρωμαίοις προσέθεντο. Μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἀνακωχή τις ἐπικηρυκευσαμένου τοῦ ̓Αντιόχου ἐσπείσθη. ο τε γὰρ ̓Αφρικανὸς εὐνοϊκῶς οἱ διὰ τὸν υἱὸν ειχε, καὶ ὁ υπατος οὐκ ηθελε τὴν νίκην τῷ διαδόχῳ πλησιάζοντι καταλελοιπέναι. ουκουν οὐδὲ ἐπέταξαν τῷ ̓Αντιόχῳ πλέον οὐδὲν η οσα καὶ πρὸ τῆς μάχης ῃτουν. διὸ καὶ Γναῖος Μάλλιος ὁ τὴν ἀρχὴν σφῶν διαδεξάμενος οὐκ ἠρκέσθη τοῖς συγκειμένοις, ἀλλὰ πλείω αὐτὸν ἀπῄτησε, πρὸς δὲ καὶ ὁμήρους δοῦναι ἐκέλευσεν αλλους τε καὶ τὸν υἱὸν ̓Αντίοχον, καὶ τοὺς αὐτομόλους πάντας ἐκδοῦναι, ἐν οις καὶ ὁ ̓Αννίβας ην. καὶ ὁ ̓Αντίοχος καὶ ακων πρὸς απαντα ἐπειθάρχησεν. οὐ μέντοι καὶ τὸν ̓Αννίβαν ἐκδοῦναι ἠδυνήθη· πρὸς γὰρ Προυσίαν τὸν βασιλέα τῶν Βιθυνῶν προκατέφυγε. καὶ ὁ μὲν ̓Αντίοχος 2.310 πρέσβεις ἐπὶ τούτοις εἰς τὴν ̔Ρώμην πέμψας ἐσπείσατο, Σκιπίων δὲ Λούκιος ἐπῃνεῖτο ἐπὶ τῇ νίκῃ καὶ τὴν τοῦ ̓Ασιατικοῦ ἐπωνυμίαν δι' αὐτὴν εσχεν, ωσπερ ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ ̓Αφρικανὸς ἐπεκλήθη, τῆς Καρχηδόνος κρατήσας μέγιστον ἐν τῇ ̓Αφρικῇ δυνηθείσης. Τοιοῦτοι δ' ουν ανδρες ουτοι γενόμενοι καὶ ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον δόξης ἐλθόντες ἐξ ἀρετῆς, δικαστηρίῳ καὶ τῷ δήμῳ οὐ πολλῷ υστερον παρεδόθησαν· καὶ ὁ μὲν Λούκιος κατεψηφίσθη ὡς τάχα πολλὰ ἐκ τῆς λείας σφετερισάμενος, ̓Αφρικανὸς δὲ ὡς ἐπιεικεστέρας τὰς συνθήκας διὰ τὸν υἱὸν ποιησάμενος, τὸ δ' ἀληθὲς διὰ φθόνον. οτι δ' οὐδὲν ἠδίκουν δηλοῦται μὲν καὶ αλλοθεν, οὐχ ηκιστα δὲ οτι καὶ τῆς οὐσίας τοῦ ̓Ασιατικοῦ δημευθείσης οὐδὲν πλέον τῶν αὐτῷ προϋπαρχόντων εὑρέθη, οτι δὲ τοῦ ̓Αφρικανοῦ ἐς τὸ Λίτερνον πρὸ ψήφου ἀναχωρήσαντος καὶ μέχρι τελευτῆς ἐκεῖ καταμείναντος οὐδεὶς αὐτοῦ ετι κατεψηφίσατο. ̔Ο δέ γε Μάλλιος τότε Πισιδίαν Λυκαονίαν τε καὶ Παμφυλίαν τῆς τε Γαλατίας τῆς ̓Ασιανῆς πολλὰ προσηγάγετο. εστι γάρ τι κἀνταῦθα γένος αὐτῶν, ἐκ