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of his grandfather, but was so named from his own deeds. At that time Corinth was also razed. For since the foremost of the Greeks had been transported to Italy by Paulus Aemilius, the rest at first demanded the men back through embassies, but when they did not succeed, and some of them, despairing of a return home, killed themselves, they were ill-disposed and made a public mourning, and were angry at those among them who favored the Roman cause, yet they showed no hostile action, until they got back the rest of those men. Then 2.337 being at variance with one another, both the wronged and those holding what belonged to others went to war. The Achaeans began the dispute, accusing the Lacedaemonians as being responsible for what had happened to them; and when the Romans sent them mediators, they were not persuaded, but rushed into war, having put Critolaus in command. Therefore Metellus, fearing that they might also lay hands on Macedonia, for they had already advanced into Thessaly, went out to meet them and routed them. And with Critolaus having fallen, the Greek side was divided in two. For some were inclined toward peace and laid down their arms, while others still continued the strife, entrusting matters to Diaeus. Learning this, those in Rome sent Mummius against them. He relieved Metellus, and himself took charge of the war. And after a part of his army had suffered a blow from an ambush, with Diaeus pursuing the fugitives as far as their camp, he came out against him, and having routed him, went to the Achaean entrenchment. Diaeus, having gathered a larger force, attempted to engage them. But when the Romans did not sally forth against him, he despised them, and advanced into the hollow ground between the camps. Therefore Mummius, seeing this, secretly sent some of the cavalry, that they might attack them from the flank. And when they, attacking them, threw them into confusion, he led the phalanx against their front, and killed many. As a result of this, Diaeus in despair killed himself, and of those saved from the battle, the Corinthians were scattered throughout the country, while the others 2.338 fled home. Wherefore the Corinthians in the city, thinking all were lost, abandoned the city; and Mummius took it empty of men. And after this he won over both them and the other Greeks without trouble. And at that time he took away their arms and whatever was dedicated in the temples and the statues and the paintings and anything else they had for adornment; but when his father and others were sent to him for the settlement of the conquered, he took down the walls of some and left all free and autonomous except the Corinthians. Of Corinth he sold the inhabitants and confiscated the land, and razed the walls and all the other buildings, fearing lest some might again unite against it as a very great city. And so that none of them might escape notice nor any of the other Greeks be sold as a Corinthian, he called together, before revealing what was to be done, all who were present, and having somehow secretly surrounded them with soldiers, he proclaimed both the freedom of the others and the enslavement of the Corinthians. Then he ordered all to seize those standing beside them, and thus he made a clear distinction of them. And so Corinth was thus made desolate, and the rest of the Greek world was at first afflicted with massacres and exactions of money, but afterward came to be in such security and prosperity that they would say that, if they had not been conquered sooner, they would not have been saved. Thus Carthage and Corinth, those ancient cities, had this end at the same time, but a long time later, having received a Roman colony, they flourished again and returned to their old condition. The things therefore done by the Romans up to this point, 2.339 having chanced upon books of ancient men who long ago recounted these things, I have taken from there in summary and have inserted in this work, but for what follows, what was done by the consuls and the dictators until with these offices those in the

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πάππου, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τῶν οἰκείων ἐπεκέκλητο πράξεων. Τότε δὲ καὶ ἡ Κόρινθος κατεσκάφη. ἐπεὶ γὰρ οἱ τῶν ̔Ελλήνων κορυφαιότατοι ὑπὸ Παύλου τοῦ Αἰμιλίου μετῳκίσθησαν εἰς τὴν ̓Ιταλίαν, οἱ λοιποὶ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον πρεσβείαις τοὺς ανδρας ἀπῄτουν, ὡς δ' οὐκ ετυχον, καί τινες ἐκείνων τὴν οικαδε ἀπογνόντες ἐπάνοδον ἑαυτοὺς διεχρήσαντο, χαλεπῶς διέκειντο καὶ πένθος δημόσιον ἐποιήσαντο, τοῖς τε τὰ ̔Ρωμαίων φρονοῦσι παρὰ σφίσιν ὠργίζοντο, οὐ μέντοι καὶ πολέμιόν τι ἐπεδείξαντο, μέχρις ου τοὺς περιλιπεῖς τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἐκείνων ἐκομίσαντο. τότε δὲ 2.337 διενεχθέντες ἀλλήλοις οι τ' ἠδικημένοι καὶ οἱ τὰ ἀλλότρια εχοντες ἐπολέμησαν. ηρξαντο δὲ τῆς διαφορᾶς οἱ ̓Αχαιοί, τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις ἐγκαλοῦντες ὡς αἰτίοις τῶν συμβεβηκότων αὐτοῖς· καὶ τῶν ̔Ρωμαίων διαλλακτὰς αὐτοῖς στειλάντων οὐκ ἐπείσθησαν, ἀλλὰ πρὸς πόλεμον ωρμησαν, Κριτόλαον προστησάμενοι. δείσας ουν ὁ Μέτελλος μὴ καὶ τῆς Μακεδονίας αψωνται, ηδη γὰρ εἰς τὴν Θεσσαλίαν παρῆλθον, προαπήντησεν αὐτοῖς καὶ ἐτρέψατο. Καὶ τοῦ Κριτολάου πεσόντος διχῇ διῄρητο τὸ ̔Ελληνικόν. οἱ μὲν γὰρ πρὸς εἰρήνην ἀπέκλιναν καὶ τὰ οπλα κατέθεντο, οἱ δὲ καὶ ετι ἐστασίαζον τῷ ∆ιαίῳ τὰ πράγματα ἐπιτρέψαντες. α μαθόντες οἱ ἐν τῇ ̔Ρώμῃ ἐπ' αὐτοὺς τὸν Μόμμιον επεμψαν. ος τὸν μὲν Μέτελλον ἀπήλλαξεν, αὐτὸς δὲ τοῦ πολέμου ειχετο. καί τινα πληγὴν μέρει τῆς στρατιᾶς λαβὼν ἐξ ἐνέδρας, τοῦ ∆ιαίου καταδιώξαντος μέχρι τοῦ σφῶν στρατοπέδου τοὺς φεύγοντας, ἀντεπεξῆλθε, καὶ τρεψάμενος αὐτὸν πρὸς τὸ τῶν ̓Αχαιῶν ηλθε χαράκωμα. ἀθροίσας δὲ δύναμιν ὁ ∆ίαιος πλείονα συμβαλεῖν αὐτοῖς ἐπεχείρησεν. ὡς δ' οὐκ ἀντεξώρμησαν οἱ ̔Ρωμαῖοι, κατεφρόνησεν αὐτῶν, καὶ εἰς τὸ μέσον τῶν στρατοπέδων κοῖλον ον προῆλθεν. ἰδὼν ουν τοῦθ' ὁ Μόμμιος, τῶν ἱππέων τινὰς λάθρᾳ επεμψεν, ιν' ἐκ πλαγίου αὐτοῖς ἐπιγένωνται. καὶ ἐπεὶ ἐκεῖνοι προσβαλόντες αὐτοὺς συνετάραξαν, ἐπήγαγε τὴν φάλαγγα κατὰ πρόσωπον, καὶ πολλοὺς ἐφόνευσεν. ἐκ δὲ τούτου ∆ίαιος μὲν ἀπογνοὺς ἑαυτὸν ἀπέκτεινε, τῶν δ' ἐκ τῆς μάχης περισωθέντων οἱ μὲν Κορίνθιοι κατὰ τὴν χώραν ἐσκεδάσθησαν, οἱ δ' αλλοι 2.338 οικαδε εφυγον. οθεν καὶ οἱ ἐν τῷ τείχει Κορίνθιοι πάντας ἀπολωλέναι νομίσαντες ἐξέλιπον τὴν πόλιν· καὶ κενὴν αὐτὴν ἀνδρῶν ὁ Μόμμιος ελαβε. καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα κἀκείνους καὶ τοὺς αλλους Ελληνας ἀπόνως προσεποιήσατο. καὶ τότε μὲν τά τε οπλα αὐτῶν καὶ οσα πρὸς τοῖς ἱεροῖς ἀνέκειντο καὶ τοὺς ἀνδριάντας τάς τε γραφὰς καὶ ει τι αλλο πρὸς κόσμον ειχον παρείλετο, πεμφθέντων δέ οἱ τοῦ τε πατρὸς καὶ αλλων ἐπὶ καταστάσει τῶν ἁλόντων, τείχη τέ τινων περιεῖλε καὶ ἐλευθέρους πάντας καὶ αὐτονόμους πλὴν τῶν Κορινθίων ἀφῆκε. τῆς δὲ Κορίνθου τούς τε οἰκήτορας ἀπέδοτο καὶ τὴν χώραν ἐδημοσίωσε, τά τε τείχη καὶ τὰ αλλα οἰκοδομήματα πάντα κατέσκαψε, φοβηθεὶς μὴ καὶ αυθις τινὲς πρὸς αὐτὴν οια μεγίστην συστῶσιν. ινα δὲ μήτε τις ἐκείνων λάθῃ μήτε τῶν λοιπῶν τις ̔Ελλήνων πραθῇ ὡς Κορίνθιος, συνεκάλεσε, πρὶν ἐκφῆναι τὸ ποιητέον, πάντας τοὺς παρόντας, καὶ αὐτοὺς ἀφανῶς πως τοῖς στρατιώταις ἐγκυκλωσάμενος ἐκήρυξε τήν τε τῶν αλλων ἐλευθερίαν καὶ τὴν τῶν Κορινθίων δούλωσιν. επειτα προσέταξε πᾶσι τῶν παρεστηκότων σφίσι λαβέσθαι, καὶ ουτω σαφῆ τὴν διάκρισιν αὐτῶν ἐποιήσατο. Καὶ ἡ μὲν Κόρινθος ουτως ἀνάστατος γέγονε, τὸ δ' αλλο ̔Ελληνικὸν παραχρῆμα μὲν καὶ σφαγαῖς καὶ χρημάτων ἐκλογαῖς ἐκακώθη, επειτα εν τε ἀδείᾳ καὶ ἐν εὐδαιμονίᾳ τοσαύτῃ ἐγένετο ωστε λέγειν οτι, εἰ μὴ θᾶττον ἑαλώκεισαν, οὐκ αν ἐσέσωντο. ̔Η μὲν ουν Καρχηδὼν η τε Κόρινθος αἱ ἀρχαῖαι ἐκεῖναι τοῦτο τέλος αμα εσχον, χρόνῳ δὲ πολλῷ υστερον ἀποικίαν ̔Ρωμαίων λαβοῦσαι ηνθησαν αυθις καὶ εἰς τὴν παλαιὰν ἐπανῆλθον κατάστασιν. Τὰ μὲν ουν μέχρι τοῦδε πεπραγμένα ̔Ρωμαίοις, 2.339 βίβλων τυχὼν τῶν πάλαι ταῦτα ἱστορησάντων ἀρχαίων ἀνδρῶν, ἐκεῖθεν ἐξείληφα κατ' ἐπιτομὴν καὶ τῷ συγγράμματι τούτῳ ἐντέθεικα, ἐπὶ δὲ τοῖς ἑξῆς α τοῖς ὑπάτοις καὶ τοῖς δικτάτωρσιν ἐπράχθη μέχρις αν ταῖς ἀρχαῖς ταύταις τοῖς ἐν τῇ