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a centurion to observe and report to him where Brutus was and what he was doing. But when the man who was sent, having encountered horsemen whom Brutus had dispatched to learn about Cassius’s situation, was surrounded by them as they greeted and welcomed him, Cassius thought that the men approaching were enemies and that the centurion had been captured by them, and he ordered a certain Pindarus, a freedman, to kill him. And so he met such an end, and the centurion, returning and learning of the deed, blaming himself for his slowness, killed himself as well; but Brutus, learning of Cassius's defeat and death, wept, and gathering the surviving soldiers of his colleague, he comforted them with words and gifts of money. About eight thousand of these fell in the battle, and of those with Caesar and Antony, more than twice as many. For this reason they were disheartened, until a certain Demetrius, a servant of Cassius, arrived in the evening to Antony, carrying his master's cloak and sword. When these were brought, they 2.396 were so encouraged that at daybreak they led their force armed for battle. But Brutus did not want to fight in a pitched battle, but tried to disturb and harass the enemy by night. And once he even diverted the river and flooded much of their fortification. But when he learned that some of his men were deserting to the enemy, fearing that some greater revolt might occur, he decided to engage them. And since there were many prisoners in his camp, not having a way to deal with them at the time of the battle, he ordered the multitude of slaves to be killed, but of the free men he openly released some, while saving others by hiding and sending them away, seeing that their leaders were irreconcilable, even though the enemy had killed those of his soldiers who had been taken alive. And in the evening, when they were about to fight on the following day, the phantom which he had seen before at night when crossing from Asia appeared to Brutus; and it was like this. It was deep night and a not very bright light was lit in his tent; and he was awake, considering and pondering something. He therefore seemed to see someone enter the tent, and looking toward the entrance, he saw a terrible and strange sight of a monstrous body standing by him in silence. And when he asked, "Who are you and what do you want in coming here?" he heard from it, "I am your evil genius, Brutus, and you will see me at Philippi." And Brutus, undaunted, said, "I will see you." He therefore saw this phantom again, showing the same 2.397 appearance, but saying nothing, and then departing. And they say that two eagles, clashing in the space between the camps, fought each other at that time, and the one on Brutus's side gave way and fled. Therefore, having engaged the enemy, he himself was defeated. For his heavy infantry, after fighting indecisively for a very long time, gave way, and for this reason his cavalry also, although fighting bravely, yielded. There also Marcus, the son of Cato, ranked among the best and noblest of the young men, did not give way when exhausted nor did he flee, but using his sword and declaring who he was and naming himself by his father's name, he fell upon many enemy corpses. The bravest of the others also fell, fighting in defense of Brutus. And a certain Lucillius, a good man, seeing some barbarian horsemen riding at full speed toward Brutus, said that he himself was Brutus and begged to be taken to Antony, as if he perhaps feared Caesar. And they led the man away, having sent messengers ahead. But when they were near, Antony was at a loss as to how he should receive Brutus, but Lucillius, being brought forward, said, "No enemy has taken Marcus Brutus, Antony, nor could one. May fortune never prevail so much over virtue. He will be found somewhere living, or dead, lying in a manner worthy of himself." And Antony, amazed, said to the soldiers who were leading him, "You are perhaps angry at the deception, fellow soldiers; but know that you have taken a better prize than the one you sought; for in seeking an enemy you bring us a friend." But Brutus, having come to a certain wooded place

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ἑκατόνταρχον κατασκεψόμενον καὶ ἀγγελοῦντα αὐτῷ οπου τε ὁ Βροῦτος ειη καὶ ο,τι πράττοι. ἐπεὶ δὲ ὁ σταλεὶς συναντήσας ἱππεῦσιν, ους ἀπεστάλκει ὁ Βροῦτος μαθησομένους περὶ τῶν κατὰ Κάσσιον, παρ' αὐτῶν ἐκυκλώθη ἀσπαζομένων αὐτὸν καὶ δεξιουμένων, εδοξεν ὁ Κάσσιος πολεμίους ειναι τοὺς προσιόντας καὶ ὑπ' αὐτῶν ἐνσχεθῆναι τὸν ἑκατόνταρχον, καί τινι Πινδάρῳ ἐξελευθέρῳ τὸν ἑαυτοῦ φόνον προσέταξε. Καὶ ὁ μὲν τοιοῦτον εσχε τέλος, καὶ ὁ ἑκατόνταρχος ἐπανελθὼν καὶ γνοὺς τὸ δρᾶμα κακίσας τε διὰ τὴν βραδυτῆτα ἑαυτὸν ἐπαπέκτεινεν· ὁ δέ γε Βροῦτος τήν τε ητταν τοῦ Κασσίου μαθὼν καὶ τὸν θάνατον ἐπεδάκρυσε, τοὺς δὲ περισωθέντας τῶν ἐκείνου στρατιωτῶν συναγαγὼν καὶ λόγοις καὶ δόσει χρημάτων παρεμυθήσατο. επεσον δ' ἐν τῇ μάχῃ τούτων μὲν περὶ ὀκτακισχιλίους, τῶν δὲ περὶ Καίσαρα καὶ ̓Αντώνιον πλείους η διπλάσιοι. διὸ καὶ ἠθύμουν ἐκεῖνοι, πρὶν η ∆ημήτριός τις Κασσίου θεράπων ἑσπέρας ἀφίκετο πρὸς ̓Αντώνιον, τὰς χλαμύδας καὶ τὸ ξίφος ἐκείνου φέρων. ων κομισθέντων ουτως 2.396 ἀνεθάρσησαν, ωστε αμ' ἡμέρᾳ προάγειν ὡπλισμένην ἐπὶ μάχῃ τὴν δύναμιν. Βροῦτος δ' ἐκ παρατάξεως μαχέσασθαι οὐκ ἐβούλετο, θορυβεῖν δὲ καὶ ταράττειν νύκτωρ ἐπειρᾶτο τοὺς πολεμίους. καί ποτε καὶ τὸν ποταμὸν παρατρέψας πολὺ τοῦ ἐρύματος αὐτῶν κατέκλυσεν. ἐπεὶ δ' εγνω τινὰς αὐτομολοῦντας τῶν αὐτοῦ πρὸς τοὺς ἐναντίους, δείσας μὴ καὶ πλέον τι νεωτερισθῇ, συμμίξαι εγνω αὐτοῖς. πολλῶν δ' αἰχμαλώτων ἐν τῷ στρατοπέδῳ αὐτοῦ οντων, μὴ εχων οπως αὐτοὺς διάθηται κατὰ τὸν τῆς μάχης καιρόν, τὸ μὲν δουλικὸν πλῆθος ἀναιρεθῆναι κεκέλευκε, τῶν δ' ἐλευθέρων τοὺς μὲν φανερῶς ἀπέλυσε, τοὺς δὲ κρύπτων καὶ συνεκπέμπων εσωζεν, ὁρῶν τοὺς ἡγεμόνας ἀδιαλλάκτως εχοντας, καίτοι τῶν ἐναντίων τοὺς ζωγρηθέντας τῶν αὐτοῦ στρατιωτῶν ἀποκτεινάντων. Κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἑσπέραν, οτε τῇ ἐπιούσῃ μαχέσασθαι εμελλον, τὸ φάσμα ἐφάνη τῷ Βρούτῳ ο καὶ πρῴην ἐξ ̓Ασίας διαβαίνων νυκτὸς ἐθεάσατο· ην δὲ τοιοῦτον. νὺξ ην βαθεῖα καὶ φῶς οὐ πάνυ λαμπρὸν ἐν τῇ σκηνῇ αὐτοῦ ὑπανῆπτο· ὁ δ' ἠγρύπνει σκοπῶν τι καὶ λογιζόμενος. εδοξεν ουν εἰσιέναι τινὰ τὴν σκηνήν, καὶ ἀπιδὼν πρὸς τὴν εισοδον ὁρᾷ δεινὴν καὶ ἀλλόκοτον οψιν ἐκφύλου σώματος σιωπῇ παρεστῶτος αὐτῷ. ἐρόμενος δέ "τίς ποτ' ων η τί βουλόμενος ηκεις;" ηκουσεν ἐξ ἐκείνου "ὁ σός εἰμι, Βροῦτε, δαίμων κακός, οψει δέ με περὶ Φιλίππους." καὶ ὁ Βροῦτος ἀπτοήτως "οψομαι" ειπε. τοῦτο ουν αυθις τὸ φάσμα ἑώρακε τὴν αὐτὴν ἐπιδειξάμενον 2.397 οψιν, οὐδὲν μέντοι φθεγξάμενον, ἀλλ' οἰχόμενον. καὶ ἀετοὺς δύο φασὶν ἐν μεταιχμίῳ τῶν στρατοπέδων συμπεσόντας ἀλλήλοις μάχεσθαι τότε, ειξαι δὲ καὶ φυγεῖν τὸν κατὰ Βροῦτον. Συμβαλὼν ουν τοῖς ἐναντίοις καὶ αὐτὸς ἡττήθη. τό τε γὰρ ὁπλιτικὸν αὐτοῦ ἀγχώμαλα ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἀγωνισάμενον ἐνέκλινε, κἀκ τούτου καὶ τὸ ἱππικὸν καίτοι γενναίως μαχόμενον ἐνέδωκεν. ἐνταῦθα καὶ Μάρκος ὁ Κάτωνος υἱὸς ἐν τοῖς ἀρίστοις καὶ γενναιοτάτοις τῶν νέων ταττόμενος οὐκ ειξε καταπονούμενος οὐδὲ εφυγεν, ἀλλὰ χρώμενος τῇ χειρὶ καὶ φράζων οστις ειη καὶ πατρόθεν ἑαυτὸν ὀνομάζων επεσεν ἐπὶ πολλοῖς τῶν πολεμίων νεκροῖς. επιπτον δὲ καὶ τῶν αλλων οἱ κράτιστοι τοῦ Βρούτου προκινδυνεύοντες. Λουκίλλιος δέ τις ἀνὴρ ἀγαθὸς ὁρῶν βαρβάρους τινὰς ἱππέας ἐλαύνοντας ῥύδην ἐπὶ τὸν Βροῦτον, αὐτὸς εφη Βροῦτος ειναι καὶ αγειν ἐδεῖτο ἐπὶ τὸν ̓Αντώνιον, ὡς τάχα τὸν Καίσαρα δεδοικώς. οἱ δὲ ηγον τὸν ανδρα, ἀγγέλους προπέμψαντες. ἐπεὶ δ' ἐγγὺς ησαν, ὁ μὲν ̓Αντώνιος διηπόρει οπως χρὴ δέξασθαι τὸν Βροῦτον, ὁ δὲ Λουκίλλιος προσαχθείς "Μάρκον μὲν" ειπε "Βροῦτον, ̓Αντώνιε, οὐδεὶς ῃρηκεν οὐδ' αν ελοι πολέμιος. μὴ τοσοῦτον κρατήσειεν ἡ τύχη τῆς ἀρετῆς. εὑρεθήσεται δὲ ζῶν ἐκεῖνος ηπου καὶ νεκρὸς ἀξίως κείμενος ἑαυτοῦ." θαυμάσας δὲ ὁ ̓Αντώνιος τοῖς αὐτὸν αγουσι στρατιώταις εφη "χαλεπῶς, ω συστρατιῶται, φέρετε τὴν ἀπάτην ισως· ἀλλ' ιστε κρείττονα τῆς ζητουμένης αγρας ᾑρηκότες· πολέμιον γὰρ ζητοῦντες φίλον ἡμῖν κομίζετε." Βροῦτος δὲ πρός τι χωρίον ὑλῶδες κατηντηκὼς