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and from there he went away sick. 3.70 And the Jews in Cyrene revolted and were killing both Romans and Greeks, and those in Egypt and those in Cyprus likewise destroyed no fewer. But Trajan subdued them, having sent an army against them. Eusebius also mentions this revolt of the Jews in the fourth book of the Ecclesiastical History. But his impulse was toward Mesopotamia; being worn down by sickness, however, he began the voyage to Italy, having appointed Publius Aelius Hadrianus to command the armies in Syria. And having come to Selinus in Cilicia, which is also called Trajanopolis, he ended his life, as he himself thought, destroyed by poison, but as some say, due to a retention of blood that was annually discharged for him through his belly. And apoplexy also befell him, which was followed by a partial paralysis of the body. But dropsy was, for the most part, the cause of his death. And he ruled for nineteen years and six months. While he was ruling, Symeon son of Clopas, having become the second bishop of Jerusalem after the divine James, suffered martyrdom, having first been tortured for many days, then being condemned to the cross, being one hundred and twenty years old. After whom Justus, also of the circumcision, was appointed the third bishop of Jerusalem. And Eusebius has recorded that many others then in many places were deemed worthy of a martyr's end; then that the emperor, having learned the multitude of those being killed, and that they do nothing unholy but rather 3.71 rising early in the morning sing hymns to Christ as to a god, but only are not persuaded to sacrifice to idols, decreed that those who are called from Christ should not be sought out, but that those who were encountered should be punished; and thus the persecution became more moderate. Then also the God-bearer Ignatius, being the second bishop of Antioch in Coele-Syria, was arrested and sent to Rome as a prisoner, where having fought with wild beasts he completed his martyrdom. And after him Heros succeeded to the episcopate. And in the third year of Trajan's reign, Clement having departed, who was the third bishop in Rome and for nine years governed the church of the faithful, Evarestus was introduced as the fourth; who having served as bishop for eight years departed this life, being succeeded by Alexander who became the fifth bishop of the Romans. And Cerdon, who was the third bishop of the Alexandrians, having departed from here, had Primus as a successor. And when Trajan died childless, both Trajan's wife Plotina, out of amorous affection, and Tatianus, who had been his guardian, appointed Hadrian as both Caesar and Emperor, while he was staying in Antioch of Syria, since he was also ruling it, being a near relative of Trajan and living with his niece. He was the son of Afer Hadrianus, a man fond of learning, who also left behind some works both in prose and in verse; and being insatiably disposed toward ambition he pursued all things and boasted that he was ignorant of nothing. For this reason also he brought down many of those who were distinguished in certain things and destroyed no fewer, so that he himself might seem to prevail in all things. 3.72 He was criticized, therefore, both for these things and for his extreme precision and his meddlesomeness and versatility, but his foresight and his diligence and his magnificence and his dexterity made up for and corrected these faults, as did his not starting a war but stopping those that had been started, and the fact that he unjustly took away money from no one, but also provided it to many, especially spontaneously and without being asked; and he assisted, so to speak, all cities, both allied and tributary: some by bringing them water, others by building harbors, and others by giving grain, public works, money, and honors. Toward the people of the Romans he behaved not with flattery, but with gravity; and once when they were asking for something rather insolently he did not yield, but ordered the herald to say, "Be silent!"; And when that one said nothing, but raised his hand, they became silent, not only was he not enraged against the herald as not having done what was ordered, but he even deemed the man worthy of honor because he accomplished what he wanted, without revealing the harshness of the

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κἀκεῖθεν ἀπῆλθε νοσῶν. 3.70 Καὶ οἱ κατὰ Κυρήνην δὲ ̓Ιουδαῖοι ἀπέστησαν καὶ εκτεινον καὶ ̔Ρωμαίους καὶ Ελληνας, καὶ οἱ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ καὶ οἱ ἐν Κύπρῳ οὐχ ηττους ὁμοίως διέφθειραν. κατεστρέψατο δὲ τούτους Τραιανός, στράτευμα κατ' αὐτῶν πεπομφώς. μέμνηται τῆς τῶν ̓Ιουδαίων ταύτης ἀποστασίας καὶ ὁ Εὐσέβιος ἐν τῷ τετάρτῳ λόγῳ τῆς ̓Εκκλησιαστικῆς ἱστορίας. ἐκείνῳ δ' ην πρὸς Μεσοποταμίαν τὸ ορμημα, τῇ δὲ νόσῳ καταπονούμενος ηρξατο τοῦ πρὸς ̓Ιταλίαν πλοός, Πόπλιον Αιλιον ̓Αδριανὸν αρχειν ἐπιστήσας τῶν στρατευμάτων ἐν τῇ Συρίᾳ. ἐλθὼν δ' εἰς Σελινοῦντα τῆς Κιλικίας, η καὶ Τραιανούπολις κέκληται, τὸν βίον κατέλυσεν, ὡς μὲν ἐκεῖνος ᾠήθη, φαρμάκῳ διαφθαρείς, ὡς δέ τινες λέγουσι, δι' ἐπίσχεσιν αιματος ἐτησίως αὐτῷ ἐκκρινομένου διὰ γαστρός. συνέβη δέ οἱ καὶ ἀποπληξία, ῃ πάρεσις τοῦ σώματος ἐκ μέρους ἐπηκολούθησεν. υδερος δ' ην ὡς ἐπίπαν αὐτῷ τοῦ θανάτου τὸ αιτιον. ηρξε δ' ετη ἐννεακαίδεκα πρὸς μησὶν εξ. Τούτου κρατοῦντος Συμεὼν ὁ τοῦ Κλοπᾶ, δεύτερος ἀρχιερεὺς γεγονὼς ̔Ιεροσολύμων μετὰ τὸν θεῖον ̓Ιάκωβον, ἐμαρτύρησεν, αἰκισθεὶς μὲν πρότερον ἐπὶ πλείσταις ἡμέραις, ειτα σταυρὸν καταδικασθείς, ἐτῶν ων ἑκατόν τε καὶ εικοσι. μεθ' ον τρίτος ̔Ιεροσολύμων ἀρχιερεὺς ̓Ιοῦστος ἐκ περιτομῆς καὶ αὐτὸς ἐχρημάτισε. καὶ αλλους δὲ τότε πολλοὺς ἐν τόποις πλείοσι μαρτυρικοῦ τέλους ἀξιωθῆναι ἱστόρησεν ὁ Εὐσέβιος· ειτα τὸ πλῆθος τῶν κτεινομένων μαθόντα τὸν αὐτοκράτορα, καὶ ὡς οὐδὲν ἀνόσιον πράττουσιν ἀλλ' η 3.71 πρωίθεν ἐξεγειρόμενοι τὸν Χριστὸν ὑμνοῦσιν ισα θεῷ, μόνον δ' εἰδώλοις θύειν οὐ πείθονται, θεσπίσαι μὴ ἐκζητεῖσθαι τοὺς κεκλημένους ἐκ τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἐμπεσόντας δέ γε κολάζεσθαι· καὶ ουτως γενέσθαι τὸν διωγμὸν μετριώτερον. τότε καὶ ὁ θεοφόρος ̓Ιγνάτιος, δεύτερος τῆς κατὰ Κοίλην Συρίαν ̓Αντιοχείας τυγχάνων ἀρχιερεύς, συλληφθεὶς εἰς ̔Ρώμην ἐπέμφθη δέσμιος, ενθα θηριομαχήσας διήνυσε τὸ μαρτύριον. καὶ μετ' αὐτὸν τὴν ἱεραρχίαν διεδέξατο Ηρως. τῷ τρίτῳ δ' ετει τῆς αὐταρχίας Τραιανοῦ Κλήμεντος ἐκλελοιπότος, ος τρίτος ην ἐν ̔Ρώμῃ ἀρχιερεὺς καὶ ετεσιν ἐννέα τὴν ἐκκλησίαν ιθυνε τῶν πιστῶν, τέταρτος ἀντεισήχθη Εὐάρεστος· ος ογδοον ἀρχιερατεύσας ἐνιαυτὸν μετέθετο τὴν ζωήν, ὑπ' ̓Αλεξάνδρου διαδεχθεὶς πέμπτου γεγονότος τῆς ̔Ρωμαίων ἀρχιερέως. καὶ ὁ τῆς ̓Αλεξανδρέων κατὰ τρίτην τάξιν ἐπίσκοπος γεγονὼς Κέρδων μεταστὰς τῶν ἐνθένδε διάδοχον εσχε Πρῖμον. Απαιδος δὲ Τραιανοῦ τελευτήσαντος Καίσαρά τε καὶ αὐτοκράτορα τὸν ̓Αδριανὸν η τε τοῦ Τραιανοῦ σύζυγος Πλωτῖνα ἐξ ἐρωτικῆς φιλίας καὶ ὁ Τατιανὸς ἐπίτροπος αὐτοῦ γεγονὼς ἀπέδειξαν, ἐν ̓Αντιοχείᾳ τῆς Συρίας διάγοντα, ἐπεὶ καὶ ηρχεν αὐτῆς, προσγενῆ τε οντα Τραιανοῦ καὶ συνοικοῦντα ἐκείνου ἀδελφιδῇ. ην δ' ουτος υἱὸς Αφρου ̓Αδριανοῦ, φιλόλογος ἀνήρ, ος καὶ ποιήματά τινα πεζά τε καὶ ἐν επεσι καταλέλοιπεν· ἀπλήστως δέ γε πρὸς φιλοτιμίαν εχων πάντα τε ἐπετήδευε καὶ ηυχει μηδὲν ἀγνοεῖν. οθεν καὶ τῶν εν τισιν εὐδοκιμούντων καθεῖλε συχνοὺς καὶ οὐ μείους ἀπώλεσεν, ιν' αὐτὸς κρατεῖν ἐν πᾶσι δοκῇ. 3.72 ἐκακίζετο μὲν ουν διά τε ταῦτα καὶ τὸ πάνυ ἀκριβὲς καὶ τὸ περίεργον καὶ πολύτροπον, ἀνελάμβανε δὲ ταῦτα καὶ ἐθεράπευε τό τε προνοητικὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἡ ἐπιμέλεια καὶ τὸ μεγαλοπρεπὲς καὶ ἡ δεξιότης, καὶ τὸ μήτ' αρξαι πολέμου καὶ τοὺς ἠργμένους καταπαῦσαι, καὶ οτι οὐδενὸς ἀδίκως ἀφείλετο χρήματα, ἀλλὰ καὶ πολλοῖς παρέσχετο μάλιστα αὐθορμήτως καὶ μηδ' αἰτούμενος, καὶ πόλεσι συμμαχίσι τε καὶ ὑποφόροις πάσαις ὡς εἰπεῖν ἐπεκούρησε, ταῖς μὲν υδωρ καταγαγών, ταῖς δὲ λιμένας οἰκοδομήσας, ταῖς δὲ σῖτον καὶ εργα καὶ χρήματα καὶ τιμὰς δούς. τῷ τε δήμῳ τῶν ̔Ρωμαίων οὐ θωπευτικῶς, ἀλλ' ἐμβριθῶς προσεφέρετο· καί ποτέ τι αἰτοῦντι θρασύτερον οὐκ ενειμεν, ἀλλ' εἰπεῖν ἐκέλευσε τῷ κήρυκι "σιωπήσατε·" ὡς δ' οὐδὲν εἰπόντος ἐκείνου, τὴν χεῖρα δὲ ἀνατείναντος, ἐσιώπησαν, οὐ μόνον κατὰ τοῦ κήρυκος οὐκ ἐξώργιστο ὡς μὴ πεποιηκότος τὸ κελευσθέν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τιμῆς τὸν ανδρα ἠξίωσεν οτι ο ην αὐτῷ βουλόμενον ηνυσε, μὴ ἐκφήνας τὸ τραχὺ τοῦ