418

of myself, all rational creation of both angels and men, as many as have not through inattention corrupted any of the divine logoi naturally harmonized with them by the Creator for movement towards the end, but rather have prudently preserved themselves whole and unswerving, knowing that they are and will be instruments of the divine nature, whom God, wholly embracing them wholly in the manner of a soul, as members of a body that will be perfect and useful to the Master, handles as he sees fit, and fills with his own glory and blessedness, giving and bestowing life eternal and ineffable, and completely free from every characteristic constituting property of this present life which consists in corruption, which not inhaled air, nor streams of blood flowing from the liver constitute, but God wholly partaken of by whole beings, and becoming, in the manner of a soul to a body, to the soul, and through the soul to the body, as he himself knows, so that the one may receive immutability, and the other immortality, and the whole man be deified, made divine by the grace of the incarnate God, remaining a whole man according to soul and body because of nature, and becoming wholly God according to soul and body because of grace and the divine radiance of blessed glory befitting him wholly, after which it is not possible to conceive of anything more radiant or more exalted. For what is more desirable for the worthy than deification, by which God, uniting with those who have become gods, makes the whole his own through goodness? Therefore they have rightly called such a state pleasure and persuasion and joy, that in divine contemplation and the enjoyment of gladness that follows it, pleasure, indeed, as being the end of natural energies (for thus they define pleasure), and persuasion as an ecstatic power, leading that which is acted upon towards that which acts, according to the given paradigmatic cause of air in relation to light and of fire in relation to iron, and persuading naturally and truly that it is nothing other than (1089) this supreme good of beings, which impassibility duly follows, and joy as having nothing opposite to it, neither past nor future. For they say that joy knows no past sorrow, nor does it admit the anticipated surfeit that comes from fear, as pleasure does. Whence both the God-inspired oracles and our Fathers, who were taught the divine mysteries from them, have everywhere confirmed joy as being a term indicative of the future truth. If, then, it has been demonstrated summarily—to speak for my insignificant self—naturally and Scripturally and Patristically, that nothing created, being in motion, has ever stood still, nor has it reached its cessation according to the divine purpose, and in addition to this, that it is impossible for the firm foundation of the permanence in God of those who are deemed worthy to be shaken. For how is it possible—that we might give some small assistance from our reasonings for the confirmation of what has been said—for those who have once come to be existentially in God to receive the insolent satiety in their desire, since all satiety, according to its own principle and limit, is an extinguisher of appetite, and consists in two modes. For either the appetite, circumscribing its objects as small, is extinguished, or, dishonoring them as shameful and hideous, it abominates them, by which things satiety is naturally produced. But God, being by nature both infinite and honorable, is naturally suited to intensify rather to the indefinite the appetite of those who enjoy him through participation. If this is true, as indeed it is, then there was no so-called henad of rational beings, which, having received a satiety of its permanence in God, was divided, and by its own dispersion introduced the genesis of this world, so that we might not make the Good something circumscribable and dishonorable, as if it were limited by some satiety and became a cause of standstill for those whose desire it has not been able to hold unmoved. And so in vain, it seems to me, do some legislate for these things, the

418

ἐμαυτοῦ, πᾶσα κτίσις λογική ἀγγέλων τε καί ἀνθρώπων, ὅσοι μηδένα τῶν πρός τό τέλος κατά τήν κίνησιν φυσικῶς συνηρμοσμένων αὐτοῖς θείων λόγων παρά τοῦ ∆ημιουργοῦ ἐξ ἀπροσεξίας παρέφθειραν, διεσώσαντο δέ μᾶλλον σωφρόνως ἑαυτούς ὅλους καί ἀπαρατρέπτους, ὡς θείας ὄργανα φύσεως, καί ὄντας καί γενησομένους εἰδότες, οὕς δι᾿ ὅλου ὅλος περιφύς ὁ Θεός τρόπον ψυχῆς, ὥσπερ μέλη σώματος ἄρτια καί εὔχρηστα τῷ ∆εσπότῃ γενησομένους, πρός τό δοκοῦν μεταχειρίζεται, καί τῆς οἰκείας πληροῖ δόξης τε καί μακαριότητος, ζωήν διδούς καί χαριζόμενος τήν ἀΐδιόν τε καί ἀνεκλάλητον, καί παντάπασι παντός ἐλευθέραν γνωρίσματος συστατικῆς ἰδιότητος τῆς παρούσης καί διά φθορᾶς συνισταμένης ζωῆς, ἥν οὐκ ἀήρ εἰσπνεόμενος, οὐδ᾿ αἵματος ὀχετοί τοῦ ἥπατος ἀποῤῥέοντες συνιστῶσιν, ἀλλά Θεός ὅλος ὅλοις μετεχόμενος, καί ψυχῆς τρόπον πρός σῶμα τῇ ψυχῇ, καί διά μέσης ψυχῆς πρός σῶμα γινόμενος, ὡς οἶδεν αὐτός, ἵν᾿ ἡ μέν ἀτρεψίαν δέξηται, τό δέ ἀθανασίαν, καί ὅλος ἄνθρωπος θεωθῇ τῇ τοῦ ἐνανθρωπήσαντος Θεοῦ χάριτι θεουργούμενος, ὄλος μέν ἄνθρωπος μένων κατά ψυχήν καί σῶμα διά τήν φύσιν, καί ὅλος γενόμενος Θεός κατά ψυχήν κκαί σῶμα διά τήν χάριν καί τήν ἐμπρέπουσαν αὐτῷ διόλου θείαν τῆς μακαρίας δόξης λαμπρότητα, μεθ᾿ ἥν οὐκ ἔστι τι ἐπινοῆσαι λαμπρότερον ἤ ὑψηλότερον. Τί γάρ θεώσεως τοῖς ἀξίοις ἐρασμιώτερον, καθ᾿ ἥν ὁ Θεός θεοῖς γενομένοις ἑνούμενος τό πᾶν ἑαυτοῦ ποιεῖται δι᾿ ἀγαθότητα; ∆ιό καί ἡδονήν καί πεῖσιν καί χαράν καλῶς ὠνόμασαν τήν τοιαύτην κατάστασιν, τήν τῇ θείᾳ κατανοήσει καί τῇ ἑπομένῃ αὐτῇ τῆς εὐφροσύνης ἀπολαύσει, ἡδονήν μέν, ὡς τέλος οὖσαν τῶν κατά φύσιν ἐνεργειῶν (οὕτω γάρ τήν ἡδονήν ὁρίζονται), πεῖσιν δέ ὡς ἐκστατικήν δύναμιν, πρός τό ποιοῦν τό πάσχον ἐνάγουσαν, κατά τήν ἀποδοθεῖσαν τοῦ ἀέρος πρός τό φῶς καί τοῦ πυρός πρός τόν σίδηρον παραδειγματικήν αἰτίαν, καί πείθουσαν φυσικῶς καί ἀληθῶς μή ἄλλο τι εἶναι (1089) παρά τοῦτο τῶν ὄντων κεφάλαιον, ᾗ τό ἀπαθές δεόντως ἀκολουθεῖ, χαράν δέ ὡς μηδέν ἔχουσαν ἀντικείμενον μήτε παρελθόν μήτε μέλλον. Τήν χαράν γάρ φασι μήτε λύπην ἐπίστασθαι παρελθοῦσαν, μήτε τόν ἐκ φόβου κόρον ἐπιδέχεσθαι προσδοκώμενον, ὥσπερ ἡ ἡδονή. Ὅθεν καί ὡς ἐνδεικτικήν προσηγορίαν τῆς μελλούσης ἀληθείας ὑπάρχουσαν τήν χαράν ἐκύρωσαν πανταχοῦ οἵ τε θεόπνευστοι λόγοι καί οἱ ἐξ αὐτῶν τά θεῖα σοφισθέντες μυστήρια Πατέρες ἡμῶν. Εἰ τοίνυν ὡς ἐν ἐπιδρομῇ, κατ᾿ ἐμέ φάναι τόν μικρόν, φυσικῶς τε καί Γραφικῶς καί Πατρικῶς δέδεικται, ὡς οὐδέν τῶν γενητῶν πώποτε κινούμενον ἔστη, οὐδέ τῆς ἐπ᾿ αὐτό κατά τόν θεῖον σκοπόν ἐπελάβετο λήξεως, πρός δέ τούτοις καί ὡς ἀμήχανον τῆς ἐν τῷ Θεῷ μονιμότητος τῶν ἀξιουμένων παρεγκλιθῆναι τό βάσιμον. Πῶς γάρ ἐστι δυνατόν, ἵνα τοῖς εἰρημένοις μικράν τινα πρός βεβαίωσιν τήν ἐκ λογισμῶν δῶμεν βοήθειαν, τούς ἅπαξ ἐν τῷ Θεῷ ὑπαρκτικῶς γενομένους τόν ὑβριστήν κατά τήν ἔφεσιν ὑποδέξασθαι κόρον, παντός κόρου κατά τόν ἴδιον λόγον τε καί ὅρον ὀρέξεως τυγχάνοντος σβεστικοῦ, καί κατά δύο συνισταμένου τρόπους. Ἤ γάρ τά ὑποκείμενα ὡς μικρά περιγράφουσα ἡ ὄρεξις σβέννυται, ἤ ἀτιμάζουσα ὡς αἰσχρά τε καί εἰδεχθῆ βδελύσσεται, ὑφ᾿ ὧν ὁ κόρος γίνεσθαι πέφυκεν. Ὁ δέ Θεός φύσει ὑπάρχων ἄπειρός τε καί τίμιος ἐπιτείνειν μᾶλλον τῶν ἀπαλαυόντων αὐτοῦ διά τῆς μετοχῆς πρός τό ἀόριστον τήν ὄρεξιν πέφυκεν. Εἰ δέ τοῦτ᾿ ἀληθές, ὥσπερ οὖν καί ἔστιν, οὐκ ἦν ἄρα ἡ λεγομένη ἑνάς τῶν λογικῶν, ἥτις κόρον λαβοῦσα τῆς ἐν τῷ Θεῷ μονιμότητος ἐμερίσθη, καί τῷ οἰκείῳ σκεδασμῷ τήν τοῦ κόσμου τούτου γένεσιν συνεισήγαγεν, ἵνα μή τό ἀγαθόν ἐμπερίγραπτον ποιώμεθα καί ἄτιμον, ὡς κόρῳ τινί περιοριζόμενον καί στάσεως αἴτιον γινόμενον ἐκείνοις, ὧν τήν ἔφεσιν ἀκίνητον κρατεῖν οὐ δεδύνηται. Καί μάτην λοιπόν τινες ταύτην θεσπίζουσιν, ὡς ἔμοιγε δοκεῖ, τά