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hypocrisy stripped bare of its wickedness, which like a shoe covers the footprint of life, and which conceals the soul's passionate state with a pretense of moderation; which the Pharisees foolishly put on, having a form of godliness but not godliness itself, and though they thought to escape notice, being reproved by the Word they were taught.

Contemplation concerning the lunatic. From this material dyad, I mean of anger and desire, the Lord again freed, as I think, the lunatic, or rather, when an evil demon wished to destroy him by the fire of anger and the water of desire, he restrained and abolished its manic rage (for the relation of those people defeated by material things to what comes into being and passes away differs in no way from the moon); seizing upon this, the demon who excites the passions does not cease casting the mind, as if into water and fire, by desire and anger, and drowning it therein, until the Word of God, coming upon the scene, will drive out the material and evil spirit (by which the old and earthly man is characterized), and will free the one who is possessed from the evil tyranny, restoring and granting to him his natural moderation, through which the new man, created according to God, is revealed. Thus, therefore, all the saints who had genuinely apprehended the divine and unerring Word passed through this age, not resting the footprint of their soul upon any of its delights. For having gazed quite fittingly upon the supreme principles concerning God that are attainable by men, I mean of His goodness and love, by which they were taught that God was moved to give both being to existing things and well-being as a gift (if indeed it is right to speak of motion in God who alone is unmoved (1205), and not rather of a will, which moves all things and brings them into being and holds them together, but is itself never moved in any way), they themselves also wisely fashioned themselves after these, bearing through their virtues in a finely imitative way the manifest quality of the unseen and invisible beauty of the divine majesty. For this reason they became good and lovers of God and lovers of man, compassionate and merciful, and were shown to have one disposition of love toward the whole race, by which—holding fast throughout their whole life that most excellent form of the virtues, I mean humility, which is preservative of good things and destructive of their opposites—they became in no way vulnerable to any of the troubling temptations, both the voluntary ones and what is in our power, and the involuntary ones and what is not in our power, by withering the uprisings of the one through self-control, and by shaking off the assaults of the other through patience. For being assailed from both sides, by both glory and dishonor, they remained unshaken, being unmoved toward both, neither being wounded by insults on account of their voluntary submission, nor accepting glory on account of their exceeding appropriation of poverty, whence neither anger, nor envy, nor strife, nor hypocrisy, nor deceit, nor any ironic and furtive affection, drawing one through deception with a specious pretense toward another—the most destructive of all passions—nor desire for the things in life that seem to be splendid, nor anything else from the evil multitude of the passions, nor threats raised by enemies, nor any manner of death had mastery over them. Wherefore they were also justly judged blessed by both God and men, because they made themselves manifest images of the ineffable and resplendent glory that is to be revealed according to the grace of the great gift of God, so that rejoicing, as in familiar things, in the principles of the virtues, or rather in God, for whose sake they endured, dying daily, they might be united, in whom the principles of all good things pre-exist, as in an ever-flowing spring

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ὑπόκρισιν γυμνόν κακουργίας, τῆς οἷον ὑποδήματος δίκην τοῦ βίου τό ἴχνος ἐπικαλυπτούσης, καί τό ἐμπαθές τῆς ψυχῆς ἐπικρυπτούσης ἐπιεικείας πλάσματι· ἥν ὑποδησάμενοι ἀφρόνως οἱ Φαρισαῖοι, μόρφωσιν εὐσεβείας, ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ εὐσέβειαν ἔχοντες, καί εἰ λαθεῖν ἐνόμιζον, ὑπό τοῦ λόγου ἐλεγχθέντες ἐδιδάχθησαν.

Θεωρία περί τοῦ σεληνιαζομένου. Ταύτης τῆς ὑλικῆς δυάδος, τῆς κατά θυμόν λέγω καί ἐπιθυμίαν, πάλιν ὁ Κύριος

ἐλευθέρωσεν, ὡς οἶμαι, τόν σεληνιαζόμενον, μᾶλλον δέ τοῦ πυρί τῷ θυμῷ καί ὕδατι τῇ ἐπιθυμίᾶ αὐτόν βουληθέντος ἀπολέσαι πονηροῦ δαίμονος, ἐπέσχε τε καί κατήργησε τήν μανιώδη λύσσαν (σελήνης γάρ οὐδέν διενήνοχεν ἡ πρός τά γινόμενα καί ἀπογινόμενα σχέσις τῶν ἡττημένων τοῖς ὑλικοῖς ἀνθρώπων)· ἧς ἐπιλαβόμενος ὁ τά πάθη διεγείρων δαίμων ὥσπερ ὕδατι καί πυρί τῇ ἐπιθυμίᾳ καί τῷ θυμῷ ἐμβάλλων τόν νοῦν καί ἐναποπνίγων οὐ παύεται, ἕως τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγος παραγενόμενος τό μέν ὑλικόν καί πονηρόν ἀπελάσει πνεῦμα (δι᾿ οὗ ὁ παλαιός τε καί χοϊκός χαρακτηρίζεται ἄνθρωπος), τόν δέ ἐνεργούμενον τῆς πονηρᾶς ἐλευθερώσει τυραννίδος, τήν φυσικήν αὐτῷ σωφροσύνην ἀποδούς καί χαρισάμενος, δι᾿ ἧς ὁ νέος καί κατά Θεόν κτιζόμενος ἄνθρωπος διαδείκνυται. Οὕτω μέν οὖν πάντες οἱ ἅγιοι τοῦ θείου καί ἀπλανοῦς λόγου γνησίως ἐπειλημμένοι τόν αἰῶνα τοῦτον διέβησαν, οὐδενί τῶν ἐν αὐτῷ τερπνῶν τό τῆς ψυχῆς ἴχνος ἐπαπερείσαντες. Πρός γάρ τούς ἄκρους τῶν ἀνθρώποις ἐφικτῶν περί Θεοῦ λόγους, τῆς ἀγαθότητός τέ φημι καί τῆς ἀγάπης, μάλα γε εἰκότως ἐνατενίσαντες, οἷς κινηθέντα τόν Θεόν τό εἶναί τε δοῦναι τοῖς οὖσι καί τό εὖ εἶναι χαρίσασθαι ἐπαιδεύθησαν (εἴπερ κίνησιν ἐπί Θεοῦ τοῦ μόνον ἀκινήτου (1205) θέμις εἰπεῖν, ἀλλά μή μᾶλλον βούλησιν, τήν πάντα κινοῦσάν τε καί εἰς τό εἶναι καί παράγουσαν καί συνέχουσαν, κινουμένην δέ οὐδαμῶς οὐδέποτε), τούτοις καί αὐτοί σοφῶς ἐαυτούς ἀπετύπωσαν, τοῦ ἀφανοῦς καί ἀοράτου κάλλους τῆς θείας μεγαλοπρεπείας εὐμιμήτως φέροντες φαινομένην διά τῶν ἀρετῶν τήν ἰδιότητα. ∆ιά τοῦτο ἀγαθοί καί φιλόθεοι καί φιλάνθρωποι, εὔσπλαγχνοί τε καί οἰκτίρμονες γεγόνασι, καί μίαν πρός ἅπαν τό γένος διάθεσιν ἔχοντες ἀγάπης ἐδείχθησαν, ὑφ᾿ ἧς τό πάντων ἐξαίρετον εἶδος τῶν ἀρετῶν, τήν ταπείνωσιν λέγω, διά πάσης αὐτῶν τῆς ζωῆς βεβαίαν κατασχόντες τήν φυλακτικήν μέν τῶν ἀγαθῶν, φθαρτικήν δέ τῶν ἐναντίων, οὐδενί τό παράπαν ἁλώσιμοι τῶν διοχλούντων γεγόνασι πειρασμῶν, τῶν τε ἑκουσίων καί τοῦ ἐφ᾿ ἡμῖν λόγου, καί τῶν ἀκουσίων καί οὐκ ἐφ᾿ ἡμῶν, τῷ τοῖς μέν δι᾿ ἐγκρατείας ἀπομαραίνειν τάς ἐπαναστάσεις, τῶν δέ δι᾿ ὑπομονῆς τάς προσβολάς ἀποσείεσθαι. ∆ιχόθεν γάρ βαλλόμενοι, ὑπό τε δόξης καί ἀτιμίας, διέμενον ἄσειστοι, πρός ἄμφω ἀκινήτως ἔχοντες, μήτε ὕβρεσι τιτρωσκόμενοι διά τήν ἑκουσίαν ὕφεσιν, μήτε δόξαν προσιέμενοι, δι᾿ ὑπερβάλλουσαν πτωχείας οἰκείωσιν, ὅθεν οὐ θυμός, οὐ φθόνος, οὐκ ἔρις, οὐχ ὑπόκρισις, οὐ δόλος, οὐκ εἰρωνευτική τις καί ἐπίκλοπος τῷ φαινομένῳ πλάσματι δι᾿ ἀπάτης ὑποσύρουσα πρός ἄλλο στοργή, τό πάντων παθῶν ὀλεθριώτατον, οὐκ ἐπιθυμία τῶν κατά τόν βίον δοκούντων εἶναι λαμπρῶν, οὔτε τι ἕτερον τῆς πονηρᾶς τῶν παθῶν πληθύος, οὐκ ἀπειλαί παρ᾿ ἐχθρῶν ἐπανατεινόμεναι, οὐδέ τις θανάτου τρόπος αὐτῶν ἐκυρίευσε. ∆ιό καί μακάριοι δικαίως παρά τε Θεῷ καί ἀνθρώποις ἐκρίθησαν, ὅτι τῆς φανησομένης ἀῤῥήτου καί περιφανοῦς δόξης κατά τήν χάριν τοῦ μεγάλου δώρου Θεοῦ ἐμφανεῖς εἰκόνας ἑαυτούς κατέστησαν, ἵνα χαίροντες ὡς γνωρίμοις τοῖς λόγοις τῶν ἀρετῶν, μᾶλλον δέ Θεῷ, ὑπέρ οὗ καί καθ᾿ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ἀποθνήσκοντες διεκαρτέρησαν, ἑνωθῶσιν, ἐν ᾧ πάντων οἱ λόγοι τῶν ἀγαθῶν, ὥσπερ πηγῇ ἀειβλύστῳ, προϋφεστήκασί