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called the docian, and another another by means of some other token, and from the emperor they themselves receive and carry this in their own hands, but having gone out, they give it to their attendants to carry, in this manner also our Master Jesus Christ, in accordance with the concept of his humanity, receiving the symbols of his own authority, his cross, upon his shoulders, went forth having it, first carrying it himself, then giving it to another, through these things showing that it is necessary for one entrusted with authority first to lead those who are led by it and to hold fast to the things prescribed by it (for thus he will be well-received in his instructions), and then to command those entrusted to him to do the same. But if the sign of the authority of our Lord Jesus Christ is the cross, which he carried forth upon his shoulders, it is fitting to understand what, wishing to show mystically through these things, he thus arranged and endured. Those who are knowledgeable about symbols say that the shoulder is a proof of action, and the cross of passionlessness, as something that produces a mortification. Through these riddles, therefore, our Lord and God, having passed through both of which the riddles consist (I mean both action and perfect passionlessness), so that action might not be corrupted by vainglory, he showed through what he himself accomplished, to his subjects, all but shouting piercingly that, "This is the symbol of my authority; whoever of you, therefore, has a desire for this authority, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me," that is, the action of the mortification of the passions, goodness and the beauty of generosity, showing through these things that he desires all to handle this authority in like manner to himself. For when the God-bearing teacher said that "He is lifted up with the cross," I think he offers us through these words such an emphasis as this, that as the rational nature of human beings is exalted through action and the passionlessness yoked with it, he (1285) Christ, that is, is said to be exalted together with it, that is, the Christ-like state in human beings, being exalted according to sequence and order, moving through passionless action to a gnostic contemplation of nature and from this to a theological initiation. This seems to me to be what the great saint Dionysius the Areopagite makes plain in what he says: "But since the divine is the principle of holy good order, according to which the holy minds become judges of themselves, he who runs up to the visible aspect proper to his nature will at first see who he is, and he will first receive a holy gift from his turning up toward the light; but he who has surveyed what is his own with well-wielded eyes will depart from the unenlightened recesses of ignorance, and being himself imperfect, he will not immediately desire the most perfect illumination and participation of God, but little by little through his first things to the things yet further on, and having been perfected, he will be led up in an orderly and holy manner to the highest deifying communion." Thus, then, according to this great and God-minded teacher, the only Most High is lifted up with the cross through us who are being exalted in spirit according to him, being led into knowledge through action and the passionlessness joined to it, and through that being exalted in the immaterial mind toward the mystical contemplation and initiation of divine things, and I will add boldly, also participation.

From the same discourse, on the text: "The Word is made dense." The Word is said by the God-bearing teacher to be made dense according to this, as I think, the

meaning, that being a simple and bodiless Word, and nourishing spiritually all the divine powers in heaven in succession, he deigned also through his incarnate

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λεγομένην δοκιανήν, καί ἄλλος ἄλλην διά τινος ἑτέρου συνθήματος, καί παρά μέν τοῦ βασιλέως αὐτοί δέχονται καί φέρουσι τοῦτο ταῖς ἰδίαις χερσίν, ἐξελθόντες δέ τοῖς οἰκείοις διδόασι τοῦτο κομίζειν, τοῦτον τόν τρόπον καί ὁ ∆εσπότης ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστός κατά τήν ἐπίνοιαν τῆς ἀνθρωπότητος τά σύμβολα τῖς ἰδίας ἀρχῆς τόν αὐτοῦ σταυρόν δεξάμενος ἐπί τῶν ὤμων ἐξῆλθεν ἔχων, πρῶτος αὐτός βαστάσας, ἔπειτα τοῦτο ἑτέρῳ δούς, διά τούτων ἐμφαίνων ὅτι δεῖ τόν ἀρχήν ἐγχειριζόμενον πρῶτον καθηγεῖσθαι τῶν δι᾿ αὐτῆς ἀγομένων καί ἀντέχεσθαι τῶν ὑπ᾿ αὐτῆς ὑπαγορευμένων (οὕτω γάρ ἄν εὐπαράδεκτος ἐν ταῖς ὑποθῆκαις γενήσεται), καί τότε προστάσσειν τοῖς ἐγχειρισθεῖσιν αὐτῷ τήν ταυτότητα δρᾷν. Εἰ δέ τό σήμαντρον τῆς τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἀρχῆς ἐστιν ὁ σταυρός, ὅν ἐπί τῶν ὤμων φέρων ἐκόμισε, γνῶναι προσῆκε τί διά τούτων ἐμφῆναι βουλόμενος μυστικῶς οὕτω ταῦτα διέθηκέ τε καί ὑπέμεινεν. Φασίν οἱ τῶν συμβόλων ἐπιστήμονες τόν μέν ὦμον πράξεως εἶναι τεκμήριον, τόν δέ σταυρόν ἀπαθείας, οἷα νέκρωσιν ἐμποιοῦντα. ∆ιά τούτων οὖν αἰνιγμάτων ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν καί Θεός, ἀμφότερα διεξελθών τῶν ὧν εἰσι τά αἰνίγματα (πράξεώς τέ φημι καί τελείας ἀπαθείας), ὥστε μή παραφθείρεσθαι διά κενοδοξίας τήν πρᾶξιν, ἔδειξε δι᾿ ὧν αὐτός κατεπράξατο, τοῖς ὑπηκόοις, μονονουχί διαπρυσίως βοῶν ὅτι, "Τοῦτο σύμβολον ὑπάρχει τῆς ἀρχῆς μου· " πᾶς οὖν ὅστις ἐξ ὑμῶν ἐπιθυμητικῶς ἔχει πρός ταύτην τήν ἀρχήν, ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτόν, καί ἀράτω τόν σταυρόν αὐτοῦ, καί ἀκολουθείτω μοι, τουτέστιν τήν νέκρωσιν τῶν παθῶν πράξιν, τήν ἀγαθότητα καί τό τῆς ἀφθονίας καλόν, διά τούτων ἐμφαίνων ὅτι γλίχεται πάντας ὁμοίως ἑαυτῷ ταύτην μεταχειρίζεσθαι τήν ἀρχήν. Τό γάρ εἰπεῖν τόν θεοφόρον διδάσκαλον ὅτι "Τῷ σταυρῷ συνεπαίρεται," οἶμαι διά τούτων ἔμφασιν ἡμῖν τοιάνδε παρέχειν, ὅτι τῆς λογικῆς φύσεως τῶν ἀνθρώπων διά πράξεως καί τῆς αὐτῇ συνεζευγμένης ἀπαθείας ὑψουμένης αὐτός (1285) ὁ Χριστός δηλονότι συνυψοῦσθαι λέγεται, τουτέστιν ἡ ἐν ἀνθρώποις Χριστοειδής κατάστασις, καθ᾿ εἱρμόν καί τάξιν ὑψουμένη, διά πράξεως ἀπαθοῦς εἰς θεωρίαν τῆς φύσεως γνωστικήν καί ἀπό ταύτης εἰς θεολογικήν μυσταγωγίαν κινουμένη. Ὅπερ μάλιστά μοι φαίνεται δηλῶν ὁ ἅγιος Ἀρεοπαγίτης μέγας ∆ιονύσιος ἐν οἷς φησιν· " Ἀλλ᾿ ἐπείπερ εὐταξίας ἐστίν ἀρχή τό θεῖον ἱερᾶς, καθ᾿ ἥν ἑαυτῶν ἐπιγνώμονες οἱ ἱεροί γίνονται νόες, ὁ πρός τό οἰκεῖον τῆς φύσεως ὁρατόν ἀνατρέχων ἐν ἀρχῇ μέν ὅστις ποτέ ἐστιν αὐτός ὄψεται, καί λήψεται πρῶτον ἐκ τῆς πρός τό φῶς ἀνανεύσεως ἱερόν δῶρον· ὁ δέ τά οἰκεῖα καλῶς ἀποσπαθέσιν ὀφθαλμοῖς ἐπισκοπήσας, τῶν ἀλαμπῶν μέν ἀποφοιτήσει τῆς ἀγνοίας μυχῶν, τῆς δέ Θεοῦ τελεωτάτης ἐλλάμψεως καί μεθέξεως ἀτελής ὤν αὐτός οὐκ αὐτόθεν ἐπιθυμήσει, κατά βραχύ δέ διά τῶν αὐτοῦ πρώτων ἐπί τά ἔτι πρότερα, καί τελειωθείς ἐπί τήν ἀκροτάτην θεαρχικήν ἐν τάξει καί ἱερῶς ἀναχθήσεται κοινωνίαν." Οὕτω μέν οὖν συνεπαίρεται τῷ σταυρῷ κατά τόν μέγαν καί θεόφρονα τοῦτον διδάσκαλον δι᾿ ἡμῶν ἐν πνεύματι κατ᾿ αὐτόν ὑψουμένων ὁ μόνον ὕψιστος, διά πράξεως καί τῆς αὐτῇ συνημμένης ἀπαθείας εἰς γνῶσιν ἐναγομένων, καί δι᾿ ἐκείνης ἐν ἀΰλῳ τῷ νῷ πρός τήν μυστικήν ὑψουμένων τῶν θείων θεωρίαν τε καί μύησιν, προσθήσω δέ θαῤῥῶν ὅτι καί μετουσίαν.

Ἐκ τοῦ αὐτοῦ λόγου εἰς τό· " Ὁ λόγος παχύνεται." Παχύνεσθαι ὁ λόγος εἴρηται τῷ θεοφόρῳ διδασκάλῳ κατά τήνδε, ὡς οἶμαι, τήν

ἔννοιαν, ἤ ὅτι λόγος ὤν ἁπλοῦς τε καί ἀσώματος, καί πάσας καθεξῆς πνευματικῶς τρέφων τάς ἐν οὐρανῷ θείας δυνάμεις, κατηξίωσε καί διά τῆς ἐνσάρκου αὐτοῦ