524

There are places and states in which we humans come to be: this world, in which we are born, receiving our being, and the place after death in which we come to be when we depart from here, and the age to come, in which we are enclosed with souls and bodies. For as long, therefore, as we are in this world, we celebrate the Passover in Egypt, being cleansed from the stains of sin; but when we pass through this life by means of death, we celebrate another Passover, as in a desert, learning the principles of beings more clearly, (1369) without symbols and riddles and the diversity of sense-perception, both intellectually and incorporeally; and again in the coming age of divine promises, we celebrate the Passover, eating immediately the highest Word of wisdom, to which, having been transformed, we are deified by grace, having no other passage to another Passover whatsoever, except that even here, while we are present, it is possible for the property of the aforesaid places to be figured according to each one's state. For the life of each of us is characteristic of the place in which it is. For instance, if we manfully pursue the practical philosophy, we celebrate the Passover well in Egypt, being with the Egyptians, but not being Egyptians, as being in the flesh, but not warring according to the flesh. But if we piously practice natural contemplation in spirit, making the faculties of the soul weapons mighty to God for the pulling down of strongholds and of every high thing that exalts itself against the knowledge of God, and for the contemplation of the spiritual principles in beings, as if naked of body and free from the deceitful imagination of the senses, making our journey gnostically towards the divine promises, we are in the desert, that is, in the state purified from the passions and from all material imagination. But if we are formed into theological mystagogy by the ineffable movements of the intellect, not being ignorant, as far as is possible for men, of what is the breadth and length and depth and the surpassing greatness for us of the wisdom of God, we are in the land of promise. Therefore, I think the teacher intimates the practical, and the natural, and the theological philosophy through the division of the three persons, through whom each, according to his own capacity, eats the intelligible Passover.

From the same discourse, on the text: "If you are Rachel or Leah, a patriarchal and great soul, then steal the idols which you may find of your father, not that you may keep them, but that you may destroy them; but if you are a wise Israelite, carry them to the land of promise."

Rachel, as they say, is interpreted as 'lamb' or 'shepherding', while Leah is interpreted as 'wearied' or 'weariness'. Therefore Rachel is shepherded and shepherds, is led and leads, according to the power of her name. Rachel, therefore, is every contemplative soul, which is shepherded and led like a lamb by the law of God, and according to the law of God shepherds and leads its own movements and thoughts by the precepts of action, and for a time subjugates the passions of the flesh to the fruitfulness of virtue, and so, after entering into knowledge, completely destroys them. Leah is every practical soul, which has weariness for the sake of virtue, whom especially every one pursuing the divine (1372) philosophy first takes into his house as a wife. But a wise Israelite is a contemplative mind, transferring the concepts of this age to the land of knowledge, like that great Jacob, who moved all of Laban's things to the land of the Fathers.

524

τόποι καί καταστάσεις εἰσίν ἐν οἷς οἱ ἄνθρωποι γινόμεθα· οὗτος ὁ ἐν ᾧ τό εἶναι λαμβάνοντες γεννώμεθα κόσμος, καί ὁ μετά θάνατον ἐν ᾧ ἐντεῦθεν ἀπιόντες γινόμεθα τόπος, καί ὁ μέλλων αἰών, ἐν ᾧ μετά ψυχῶν συγκλειόμεθα καί σωμάτων. Ἐφ᾿ ὅσον οὖν χρόνον ἐσμέν ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ τούτῳ, ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ ἄγομεν τό πάσχα, τῶν καθ᾿ ἁμαρτίαν κηλίδων ἐκκαθαιρόμενοι· ἐπάν δέ ταύτην διά θανάτου περάσωμεν τήν ζωήν, ὡς ἐν ἐρήμῳ πάλιν ἄγομεν ἕτερον πάσχα, τρανοτέρους τούς τῶν ὄντων λόγους, (1369) χωρίς συμβόλων καί αἰνιγμάτων καί τῆς δι᾿ αἰσθήσεως ποικιλίας, νοητῶς τε καί ἀσωμάτως μανθάνοντες· καί αὖθις κατά τόν μέλλοντα τῶν θείων ἀπαγγελιῶν αἰῶνα ἑορτάζομεν τό πάσχα, τόν ἀκρότατον ἀμέσως ἐσθίοντες τῆς σοφίας λόγον, πρός ὅν μεταποιηθέντες κατά χάριν θεούμεθα, τήν πρός ἄλλο πάσχα διάβασιν καθ᾿ ὁτιοῦν ἄλλην οὐκ ἔχοντες, πλήν ὅτι καί ἐνταῦθα παροῦσιν ἡμῖν δυνατόν ἐστι πρός τήν ἑκάστου κατάστασιν εἰκονισθῆναι τῶν εἰρημένων τόπων τόν ἰδιότητα. Ὁ γάρ ἑκάστου ἡμῶν βίος χαρακτηριστικός ἐστί τοῦ ἐν ᾧ ἐστι τόπου. Οἷον, εἰ μέν τήν πρακτικήν ἀνδρικῶς μετερχόμεθα φιλοσοφίαν, ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ τό πάσχα καλῶς ἐπιτελοῦμεν, μετά τῶν Αἰγυπτίων μέν ὑπάρχοντες, οὐκ Αἰγύπτιοι δέ τυγχάνοντες, ὡς ἐν σαρκί μέν ὄντες, οὐ κατά σάρκα δέ στρατευόμενοι. Εἰ δέ τήν φυσικήν ἐν πνεύματι θεωρίαν εὐσεβῶς ἐξασκούμεθα, ὅπλα τῷ Θεῷ δυνατά τάς τῆς ψυχῆς ποιούμενοι δυνάμεις, πρός καθαίρεσιν μέν ὀχυρωμάτων καί παντός ὑψώματος ἐπαιρομένου κατά τῆς γνώσεως τοῦ Θεοῦ, θεωρίαν δέ τῶν ἐν τοῖς οὖσι πνευματικῶν λόγων, ὥσπερ γυμνοί σώματος καί τῆς κατά τήν αἴσθησιν ἀπατηλῆς φαντασίας ἐλεύθεροι, τήν πρός τάς θείας ἐπαγγελίας γνωστικῶς ποιούμενοι πορείαν, ἐσμέν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, τῇ παθῶν λέγω, καί πάσης ὑλικῆς φαντασίας καθαρευούσῃ καταστάσει. Εἰ δέ τήν θεολογικήν μυσταγωγίαν ἀῤῥήτοις νοός κινήμασι μορφαζόμεθα, τί τό πλάτος καί μῆκος καί βάθος καί τό ὑπερβάλλον εἰς ἡμᾶς μέγεθος τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ σοφίας κατά τό ἐφικτόν ἀνθρώποις οὐκ ἀγνοοῦντες, ἐσμέν ἐν τῇ γῇ τῆς ἐπαγγελίας. Τήν πρακτικήν οὖν, καί τήν φυσικήν, καί τήν θεολογικήν φιλοσοφίαν οἶμαι διά τῆς διαιρέσεως τῶν τριῶν προσώπων τόν διδάσκαλον παραινίττεσθαι, δι᾿ ὧν ἀναλόγως ἕκαστος κατά τήν ὑποῦσαν αὐτῷ δύναμιν τό νοητόν ἐσθίει πάσχα.

Ἐκ τοῦ αὐτοῦ λόγου, εἰς τό· "Εἰ μέν τις εἶῬαχήλ ἤ Λεία, ψυχή πατριαρχική καί μεγάλη, καί τά εἴδωλα κλέψον ἅπερ ἄν εὑρῃς τοῦ σοῦ πατρός, οὐχ ἵνα φυλάξῃς, ἀλλ᾿ ἵνα ἀφανίσῃς· εἰ δέ Ἰσραηλίτης σοφός, πρός τήν γῆν τῆς ἐπαγγελίας μετένεγκαι."

Ῥαχήλ μέν, ὥς φασιν, ἀμνάς ἤ ποιμαίνουσα ἑρμηνεύεται, ἡ δέ Λεία, κοπουμένη ἤ κόπωσις ἑρμηνεύεται. Ποιμαίνεται οὖν καί ποιμαίνει καί ἄγεται καί ἄγει ἡῬαχήλ, κατά τήν τῆς προσηγορίας δύναμιν.Ῥαχήλ οὖν ἐστι πᾶσα ψυχή θεωρητική, ἡ τῷ νόμῳ τοῦ θεοῦ ὡς ἀμνάς ποιμαινομένη τε καί ἀγομένη, καί κατά τόν νόμον τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῖς κατά πρᾶξιν θεσμοῖς ποιμαίνουσά τε καί ἄγουσα αὐτῆς τά κινήματα καί τά διανοήματα, καί τά πάθη τῆς σαρκός τῷ γονίμῳ τῆς ἀρετῆς ὑποτάσσουσα τέως, καί οὕτως μετά τήν εἰς γνῶσιν εἴσοδον παντελῶς ἀφανίζουσα. Λεία δέ ἐστι πᾶσα ψυχή πρακτική, τήν ὑπέρ ἀρετῆς ἔχουσα κόπωσιν, ἥν μάλιστα πρώτην πᾶς τις τήν θείαν μετιών (1372) φιλοσοφίαν γαμικῶς εἰσοικίζεται. Ἰσραηλίτης δέ σοφός ἐστι νοῦς θεωρητικός τά τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου νοήματα πρός τήν χώραν τῆς γνώσεως μεταβιβάζων κατά τόν μέγαν ἐκεῖνον Ἰακώβ, τόν πάντα τά τοῦ Λάβαν πρός τήν γῆν τῶν Πατέρων μετακομίσαντα.